碳酸氢钠对人体运动能力的影响

通过对三种不同供能形式为主的运动项目运动员服用碳酸氢销后对运动成绩和某些生理生化指标的影响方面的研究进行综述和分析,揭示了服用碳酸氢钠诱导碱中毒对运动能力影响的机制。证实了口服一定剂量的碳酸氢钢有助于提高机体以乳酸能系统供能为主的运动项目的成绩。     

Nutritional evaluation of caseins and whey proteins and their hydrolysates from Protamex

Whey protein concentrate （WPC 80） and sodium caseinate were hydrolyzed by Protamex to 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% degree of hydrolysis （DH）. WPC 80, sodium caseinate and their hydrolysates were then analyzed, compared and evaluated for their nutritional qualities. Their chemical composition, protein solubility, amino acid composition, essential amino acid index （EAA index）, biological value （BV）, nutritional index （NI）, chemical score, enzymic protein efficiency ratio （E-PER） and in vitro protein digestibility （IVPD） were determined. The results indicated that the enzymatic hydrolysis of WPC 80 and sodium caseinate by Protamex improved the solubility and IVPD of their hydrolysates. WPC 80, sodium caseinate and their hydrolysates were high-quality proteins and had a surplus of essential amino acids compared with the FAO/WHO/UNU （1985） reference standard. The nutritive value of WPC 80 and its hydrolysates was superior to that of sodium caseinate and its hydrolysates as indicated by some nutritional parameters such as the amino acid composition, chemical score, EAA index and predicted BV. However, the E-PER was lower for the WPC hydrolysates as compared to unhydrolyzed WPC 80 but sodium caseinate and its hydrolysates did not differ significantly. The nutritional qualities of WPC 80, sodium caseinate and their hydrolysates were good and make them appropriate for food formulations or as nutritional supplements.     

Hypertonic saline resuscitation reduces apoptosis of intestinal mucosa in a rat model of hemorrhagic shock

Objective: To investigate the early effects of hypertonic and isotonic saline solutions on apoptosis of intestinal mueosa in rats with hemorrhagic shock. Methods: A model of rat with severe hemorrhagic shock was established in 21 Spragne-Dawley (SD) rats. The rats were randomly divided into the sham group, normal saline resuscitation (NS) group, and hypertonic saline resuscitation (HTS) group, with 7 in each group. We detected and compared the apoptosis in small intestinal mucosa of rats after hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL), FITC (fluo-rescein-iso-tbiocyanate)-Annexin V/PI (propidium iodide) double staining method, and flow cytometry. Results: In the early stage of hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation, marked apoptosis of small intestinal mucosa in the rats of both NS and HTS groups was observed. The numbers of apoptotic cells in these two groups were significantly greater than that in the sham group (P＜0.01). In the HTS group, the apoptic cells significantly decreased, compared with the NS group (P＜0.01). Conclusion: In this rat model of severe hemorrhagic shock, the HTS resuscitation of small volume is more effective than the NS resuscitation in reducing apoptosis of intestinal mucosa in rats, which may improve the prognosis of trauma.     

固体乙醇合成方法的研究

详细讨论了影响固体乙醇合成的各种主要因素,确定了最佳工艺条件。酒精∶水∶硬脂酸∶硅酸钠∶氢氧化钠的最佳配比为102∶15∶2.5∶0.75∶0.4,最佳反应温度为70℃。     

过氧化钠与一氧化氮、二氧化氮反应探究

通过实验证明ＮＯ、ＮＯ２均能与Ｎａ２Ｏ２直接反应，并从化学热力学角度进行了分析     

生物乳酸钙充填豆腐保质技术研究

目的：：通过对生物乳酸钙豆腐的保质观察及乳酸链球菌素(Nisin)、脱氢乙酸钠对生物乳酸钙充填豆腐保质期的影响,探索生物乳酸钙充填豆腐的保质技术。方法：在点脑时在豆浆中加入Nisin、脱氢乙酸钠,同时做空白对照,在不同的保藏条件下,以菌落总数、大肠菌群和感官评价作为评价指标观察豆腐品质变化。结果：空白组和添加脱氢乙酸钠组杀菌后在37℃和常温下很快变质,冷藏条件下可保藏半年;添加Nisin组杀菌后在37℃恒温条件下可存放1周,常温下可保藏达一个月,冷藏条件下可保藏半年,且豆腐弹性较好,色泽均匀有光泽,口感细腻爽滑。结论：生物乳酸钙充填豆腐在冷藏条件下可保藏半年,Nisin对延长其货架期有明显的效果。     

氢氧化钠溶液吸收硫酰氟的传质反应动力学

研究目的：研究方法：重要结论：确定氢氧化钠溶液化学吸收硫酰氟的传质反应动力学区域,建立增强因子模型。研究气液传质测定设备双搅拌釜中氢氧化钠溶液化学吸收硫酰氟的过程,并结合实验研究与理论分析建立了增强因子模型。基于氢氧化钠溶液化学吸收硫酰氟过程的实验研究,确定了氢氧化钠溶液化学吸收硫酰氟的传质反应动力学区域为快速拟一级反应。得到了298K下其二级反应速率常数为1．44m3／（mol·s）,并建立了增强因子模型E=68．08CBL1/2,为脱除熏蒸后残留硫酰氟的工业化应用提供了理论依据。     

Effect of Sodium Chloride on Efficiency of Cisplatinum Dissolved in Dimethyl Sulfoxide: An In Vitro Study

Cisplatinum (Cispt) is an anti-cancer drug with a low level of solubility. One of Cispt’s solvents is dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) which can be substituted with chlorine of drug as Cispt’s solvent. Applying such a solvent in biological studies is impossible due to intense reduction in activity. On the other hand, it is specified that Cispt’s stability is increased in aqueous media by increasing sodium chloride (NaCl) concentration up to 0.9 %. Consequently, we intended to study the effect of DMSO on cytotoxicity of Cispt in presence of sodium. MTT assay was employed to study cytotoxicity effect of Cispt + NaCl + DMSO and Cispt + DMSO on G-292 cell line. Cytotoxicity in dilutions of 300 and 9 (p < 0.01) of Cispt in Cispt + NaCl + DMSO formulation was equal to 78 and 7 %. These values were estimated 79 and 18 % for Cispt + DMSO formulation and 79 and 24 % for free drug. IC50 values demonstrated reduction of 45 % in cytotoxicity of Cispt in Cispt + DMSO formulation. Studying chemical structure of Cispt and Cispt dissolved in DMSO showed that NaCl cannot inhibit inactivating effect of DMSO on Cispt and effect of this solvent on Cispt is independent from presence of NaCl. Results represented that using NaCl does not result in stability and keeping cytotoxicity properties of Cispt in DMSO. Findings suggest more studies for using DMSO as a solvent of Cispt.     

注射用头孢唑肟钠用药安全评价的试验研究

目的：评价注射用头孢唑肟钠制剂用药的安全性。方法：按照国家SFDA颁发的《化学药物刺激性、过敏性和溶血性研究技术指导原则》进行了局部血管刺激性、肌肉刺激性、溶血性和全身主动过敏性试验。结果：①注射用头孢唑肟钠耳缘静脉点滴给药浓度为0.04g/ml,给药容积为2ml/kg时,对试验兔血管无刺激性;②注射用头孢唑肟钠肌肉注射给药浓度为0.25g/ml,给药容积为0.5ml/只时,对试验兔肌肉无刺激性;③注射用头孢唑肟钠药物浓度为0.04g/ml,在体外试验条件下无溶血反应及红细胞凝聚反应;④注射用头孢唑肟钠致敏剂量为0.067和0.133g/kg,激发剂量为0.067和0.133g/kg时,对豚鼠无主动全身过敏性反应。结论：注射用头孢唑肟钠试验条件下无血管和肌肉刺激性、无溶血性及过敏性反应。     

纤维素生物活性材料的种类及应用

纤维素的功能化一直是人们研究的热点,近年来又涌现出一批以纤维素为基准的具有生物性的活性材料。文章主要论述了以纤维素为基准的细菌纤维素、复合材料、纤维素硫酸钠材料等具有生物活性材料的种类与应用。