一株毒死蜱降解菌的固定化条件优化研究

采用在50 m L三角瓶中定量添加毒死蜱药液和固定化菌的方法研究了不同包埋条件对固定化蜡状芽孢杆菌(Bacillus cereus)降解毒死蜱的影响,最后将固定化条件进行了正交试验的优化。结果表明,游离化菌体的菌龄为20 h对初始浓度为50mg/L毒死蜱的降解率达最高。从降解曲线得出,海藻酸钠固定化菌降解毒死蜱的反应时间为24h时降解率达75.4%;菌体和海藻酸钠溶胶的包埋比为1∶20对毒死蜱的降解率达最高为76.8%;随着成型剂Ca Cl2浓度的增大,固定化菌对毒死蜱的降解率先上升后下降,Ca Cl2浓度为2%对毒死蜱的降解率达最大为82.6%,海藻酸钠溶胶浓度为3%对初始浓度为50 mg/L毒死蜱的降解率达最大为85.7%。通过正交试验得出,海藻酸钠浓度(A)、Ca Cl2浓度(B)和固定化时间(C)三者对固定化菌降解毒死蜱的影响都达到显著水平(P0.05),影响次序依次为CAB,最优水平分别为海藻酸钠浓度3.0%、Ca Cl2浓度1.5%和固定化时间32 h。因此,固定化蜡状芽孢杆菌对毒死蜱的降解率较高,在毒死蜱水体污染的降解去毒方面具有的应用价值较大。     

从大豆粕中制取干酪素方法的研究

实验证明了从大豆饼粕中制取干酪素的最佳条件为：大豆粕（g）与2％氢氧化钠（ml）之比为1：15，提取时间为4小时，浸解温度为40℃，中和时pH值为5。该方法操作简单，设备投资少，无环境污染，是制取干酪素的一条有效途径，使大豆粕得到充分利用，经济效益和社会效益十分显著。     

葛根素与蒙诺联合治疗早期糖尿病肾病的疗效观察

目的观察联用葛根素和蒙诺（ACEI）对糖尿病早期肾病（EDN）尿蛋白的影响。方法糖尿病早期肾病患者6l例，随机分为联合用药组3l例，蒙诺组30例。每例病人均服用蒙诺10mg，每日1次。联合用药组同时静脉滴注葛根素0．3g，每日1次，连续14天。结果联合用药组于治疗2周后24h尿蛋白及尿白蛋白排泄率明显降低fp〈0．05），且6个月后尿蛋白仍维持于较低水平。蒙诺组仅在治疗6个月后尿蛋白较前明显减少（p〈0．05）。结论在糖尿病早期肾病阶段，早期联合应用葛根素和蒙诺可快速降低尿白蛋白排泄率，并使尿蛋白长期维持于低水平。     

偏钒酸钠对小鼠血细胞及Hb影响的实验研究

小鼠经腹腔注射０．３３ｍｇ／ｋｇ、１．０ｍｇ／ｋｇ、３．０ｍｇ／ｋｇ的偏钒酸钠（ＮａＶｏ３），染毒第二、四、六周末每组随机取５只小鼠经股动脉取血，按常规计算血细胞及血红蛋白（Ｈｂ）含量的变化。结果表明：染毒第六周末，ＮａＶｏ２对红细胞（ＲＢＣ）影响最明显，各剂量组与对照组比较均有高度显著性差异（ｐ＜Ｏ．０１）。而白细胞（ＷＢＣ）明显减少仅见于３．０ｍｇ／Ｋｇ组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。血小板（ｐｔ）１．０ｍｇ／ｋｇ、３．０ｍｇ／ｋｇ组均明显减少（Ｐ＜０．０１）。Ｈｂ含量，染毒第二周末，各剂量组均降低（Ｐ＜０．０５）。第四、六周末１．０ｍｇ／ｋｇ、３．０ｍｇ／ｋｇ有显著降低（Ｐ＜０．０１）。呈现良好的剂量效应关系。     

三乙酰氧基硼氢化钠测试方法的研究

用干灰化法将三乙酰氧基硼氢化钠中的有机硼转化为硼酸盐,在适宜的pH条件下,将硼酸盐转化为硼酸,用甘露醇强化硼酸的酸性,酸碱滴定法确定硼酸的含量,计算出三乙酰氧基硼氢化钠的含量.此方法的精密度、准确度良好.标准偏差为0.39%,相对标准偏差为0.39%,回收率为100%.     

碲氢化钠在有机合成中的应用

本文介绍了碲氢化钠作为一种优良还原剂及亲核试剂在有机合成中的主要作用。     

Hypertonic saline resuscitation maintains a more balanced profile of T-lymphocyte subpopulations in a rat model of hemorrhagic shock

Objective： To investigate the potential and early effect of hypertonic saline resuscitation on T-lymphocyte subpopulations in rats with hemorrhagic shock. Methods： A model of rat with severe hemorrhagic shock was established in 18 Sprague-Dawley （SD） rats. The rats were randomly divided into Sham group, HTS group （hypertonic saline resuscitation group） and NS group （normal saline resuscitation group）. Each group contained 6 rats. The CD4~ and CD8~ subpopulations of T-lymphocytes in peripheral blood were detected respectively before shock and after resuscitation by double antibody labelling and flow cytometry. Results： In the early stage after hemorrhagic shock, fluid resuscitation and emergency treatment, the CD4^＋ lymphocytes of peripheral blood in HTS and NS groups markedly increased. Small volume resuscitation with HTS also induced peripheral CD8^＋ lymphocytes to a certain extent, whereas NS resuscitation showed no effect in this respect. Consequently, compared with Sham and HTS groups, CD4^＋/CD8^＋ ratio of peripheral blood in NS group was obviously increased, and showed statistically differences. Conclusion： In this model of rat with severe hemorrhagic shock, small volume resuscitation with HTS is more effective than NS in reducing immunologic disorders and promoting a more balanced profile of T-lymphocyte subpopulations regulating network.     

Effects of vanadate on the activities of mice glucokinase and hexokinase

This study aimed at acquiring knowledge on the hypoglycemic mechanisms of sodium metavanadate (SMV) showed that the liver glucokinase and muscle hexokinase activities increased rapidly after oral SMV was given, and that the blood glucose level was correlated closely with the activities of the two enzymes but not with the insulin level; which indicated that SMV could improve the altered glucose phosphorylation in diabetic mice independently of stimulating insulin secretion. This was probably one of the mechanisms of hypoglycemic effects of SMV.     

双氯芬酸凝胶的制备及含量测定

目的制备双氯芬酸凝胶,并建立其质量控制的方法。方法采用卡波姆940等辅料配制双氯芬酸凝胶,并建立双氯芬酸凝胶HPLC含量测定方法,同时考察了产品1年内的稳定性。结果双氯芬酸在10～50μg/mL范围内线性关系良好（r=0.9999）,平均回收率为98.9%,RSD为0.2%。结论用卡波姆等药用辅料可制备出理想的双氯芬酸凝胶,其质量标准可靠。     

Mechanism of action of two insect toxins huwentoxin-III and hainantoxin-VI on voltage-gated sodium channels

Selenocosmia huwena and Selenocosmia hainana are two tarantula species found in southern China. Their venoms contain abundant peptide toxins. Two new neurotoxic peptides, huwentoxin-III (HWTX-III) and hainantoxin-VI (HNTX-VI), were obtained from the venom using ion-exchange chromatography and reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). The mechanism of action of HWTX-III and HNTX-VI on insect neuronal voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) was studied via whole-cell patch clamp techniques. In a fashion similar to δ-atracotoxins, HNTX-VI can induce a slowdown of current inactivation of the VGSC and reduction in the peak of Na⁺ current in cockroach dorsal unpaired median (DUM) neurons. Meanwhile, 10 μmol/L HNTX-IV caused a positive shift of steady-state inactivation of sodium channel. HWTX-III inhibited VGSCs on DUM neurons (concentration of toxin at half-maximal inhibition (IC₅₀)≈1.106 μmol/L) in a way much similar to tetrodotoxin (TTX). HWTX-III had no effect on the kinetics of activation and inactivation. The shift in the steady-state inactivation curve was distinct from other depressant spider toxins. The diverse effect and the mechanism of action of the two insect toxins illustrate the diverse biological activities of spider toxins and provide a fresh theoretical foundation to design and develop novel insecticides.