秦国连横外交的衍变及其作用

在战国中后期,合纵连横成为列国外交的总战略。连横外交作为秦国的基本国策,其间经历了事一强以攻众弱、远交近攻、连横权臣三个发展阶段,连横政策的长期坚持大大加速了秦的东进步伐,推动了中国统一的历史进程。     

Perceived severity of cyberbullying behaviour: differences between genders,grades and participant roles

This study aimed to develop a new scale to examine primary and secondary school students’ perceptions of the severity of cyberbullying behaviours, and to explore further whether differences exist in the means of gender, grade and participant role. A total of 707 primary and secondary school students (M = 14.7) in Taiwan participated in this study. Two Olweus-like global items were used to identify students’ participant roles. A self-reported cyberbullying severity scale (CSS) was developed and validated by Rasch measurement. Results of this study supported the reliability and validity of the 16-item CSS. Impersonation was rated as the most serious type of cyberbullying. Cyberbullying behaviours that occurred in private were rated as less severe than were those that occurred in public. A Rasch latent regression analysis revealed that some gender and involvement effects were found, but no statistically significant difference was found among means of four participant roles. The behavioural hierarchy of cyberbullying severity, mean differences among personal attributions and cyberbullying intervention are discussed at the end of the article.     

关于性别角色认同研究的深层思考

在性别角色认同研究中存在不同的研究模式，研究模式的差异导致研究结果之间的分歧。因此，有必要从概念界定、研究工具和对象的选择及影响因素等几个方面明确性别角色认同研究的理论机制，以对该领域研究进行科学规范。     

辛亥革命时期女性角色变迁的特点

辛亥革命时期是现代女性角色模式的萌生时期,女性角色的变迁主要从家庭角色的改革和社会角色的跃出两个方面展开,其变迁层面比以往更为宽泛,变迁力度比以往更为深厚,从中我们可以梳理出辛亥革命时期女性角色变迁的以下一些特点:昂扬着救国主义的旋律;贯穿着“男性特色”的主线;弥漫着欧风美雨的气息;交织着转型时期的特征。这些特点体现了辛亥革命时期女性角色变迁的现代性水平。     

A qualitative study of the UK academic role: positive features,negative aspects and associated stressors in a mainly teaching-focused university

The literature demonstrates that stress in the working life of academics has increased over recent years. However, qualitative research on how academics cope with this is very scarce. Using online interviewing with thematic analysis, this paper examines how 31 academics in a post-92 predominantly teaching-focused UK university cope with the stressors of work. An innovation was to ask about both positive and negative experiences at work unlike most stress research which focuses only on negatives. Six themes emerged from the data; administrative loads, coping with stress at work, task preferences, the academic role, and positive and negative feelings around research/scholarship and thoughts around leaving academia. Increases in student numbers, being able to spend less time with students, heavy workloads, increasing administration, poor management, funding cuts and government initiatives threatening the future of education, obtaining research funding, and increasing insecurity of academic posts were all stressors. Positives identified included satisfaction gained from teaching students, support from colleagues, relative autonomy at work and the ability to manage their time more effectively were perceived as factors that can moderate some of the negative consequences of work stress. Overall, academics reported being happy at work because of the satisfaction gained from teaching and research.     

新课程背景下课堂教学的理性思考

课堂教学是课程实施的主渠道，是课改的关键环节。通过对影响新课改的传统课堂教学因素的分析，进行一些理性探索。     

Gender Bias in Guatemalan Counselor Education Students: Using an Experiential Activity as a Stimulus

This article features the implementation and outcome of an experiential activity addressing gender bias in students at three university-based Guatemalan counselor education programs. The authors present students’ thematic responses delineating expectations of gender-specific communication styles and roles. A sequence of activities and students’ reflective commentaries are included, with suggestions for counselor educators in addressing gender bias in student populations.     

"村农分开"农村管理体制设想

村级组织的职能二重性和目标多元化违背了市场经济内在要求,成为我国农业生产经营中诸多困扰的根源。"村农分开"是根据农业市场化要求而设计的、将村级组织的公共事务管理职能和集体财产所有者代表职能分开行使的新型农村管理体制。     

关于春节文化内涵及其走向的思考

春节是中华民族精神、文化、道德、价值观和审美观的传承载体,体现了中华民族独特的文化基因。近年来,春节与庙会活动、文化产业结合在一起,对推动我国的经济发展起到了积极作用。