不同年龄自发性高血压大鼠血管平滑肌Ca2+/CaM-PP活性变化

目的研究不同年龄自发性高血压大鼠血管平滑肌Ca2+/CaM-PP活性变化.方法应用酶活性测定方法,对12周、16周SHR大鼠和Wistar大鼠的A、MA、CA血管平滑肌Ca2+/CaM-PP进行活性比较.结果Wistar大鼠随年龄增长,Ca2+/CaM-PP活性呈上升趋势,而SHR鼠其阻力血管该酶活性降低,但随年龄变化不明显.结论①自发性高血压使阻力血管平滑肌Ca2+/CaM-PP下降,但12周与16周间无显著差异.②不同种鼠血管平滑肌该酶活性变化不同.     

Conceptualizing climate change in the context of a climate system: implications for climate and environmental education

Today there is much interest in teaching secondary students about climate change. Much of this effort has focused directly on students’ understanding of climate change. We hypothesize, however, that in order for students to understand climate change they must first understand climate as a system and how changes to this system due to both natural and human influences result in climatic and environmental changes and feedbacks. The purpose of this article is to articulate a climate system framework for teaching about climate change and to stimulate discussion about what secondary students should know and understand about a climate system. We first provide an overview of the research on secondary students’ conceptions of climate and climate change. We then present a climate system framework for teaching about climate and climate change that builds on students’ conceptions and scientific perspectives. We conclude by articulating a draft conceptual progression based on students’ conceptions and our climate system framework as a means to inform curriculum development, instructional design, and future research in climate and environmental education.     

马来人服饰文化变迁

马来人服饰发展之初主要受印度文化影响,13世纪随着伊斯兰文化的传播,马六甲王国时期形成独特的"马来亚"服饰。16世纪以后,西方文化使得传统服饰逐渐被忽视,直到通过20世纪80年代的"伊斯兰教复兴"运动,马来人才陆续穿回了传统服饰。现今的马来人服饰在伊斯兰化的基础上具有相对差异性。马来人服饰变迁体现出马来文化的开放与包容以及对本土文化的继承与发扬。     

"紧逼防守"现代篮球运动发展的趋势

随着篮球运动的快速发展,各队在训练中越来越重视对防守的训练,比赛中通过具有攻击性的防守及防守阵型的突然变化,扰乱攻方进攻节奏,给攻方造成心理压力.利用这种战术反败为胜的例子屡见不鲜.本文通过对紧逼防守、区域防守等防守战术的变化及训练谈一些看法.     

中苏论战对毛泽东转变世界战争认识的影响--从"世界大战可以避免"到"世界大战不可避免"的观点变化

20世纪60年代后,毛泽东改变了原先“世界大战可以避免或推迟”的判断,突出地强调战争爆发的危险性,从而对中国的建设走向产生极大的影响。毛泽东这一判断变化的过程,与中苏两党关系的演变有着密切的关系。中苏两党从产生分歧、摩擦到公开论战,在一系列问题上形成对立,其中包括关于战争与和平问题的认识。中苏论战产生的影响是多层面的。从中苏论战的影响这一大背景,厘清毛泽东改变判断的原因,有助于更准确和更科学地作出历史的评价。毛泽东形成“战争不可避免”的观点以及对战争的高度警觉,决不是其个人主观意志的产物,而是在特定时代背景影响下、特殊历史事件作用下的结果。     

私有产权的社会基础:历史的启示--以对民族资本主义企业的社会主义改造为例

本文从国家与产权之间的关系这一视角出发,对20世纪50年代民族资本主义的社会主义改造问题进行了分析。论文主要把这一改造理解为企业产权结构的政治性重构,并根据这种理解对整个改造历程进行了简要描述。从历史的角度来看,发生于城市的这一产权变迁历程充分反映了财产所有权与其赖以存在的政治社会基础之间的密切关系。     

Animating critical action learning: process-based leadership and management development

Increasing attention is focusing on the value of critical approaches to enhancing leadership and management development processes. This paper examines how a critical action learning perspectives can be harnessed to produce valuable learning and development through critically reflective practise. Critical action learning approaches not only explore underlying power and control issues, but actively engage in an examination of political and cultural processes affecting leadership development. The aims of this paper are to explore approaches to critical action learning, to elucidate its principal features, to highlight how it can be applied in leadership and management development contexts and, finally, to illuminate some of the complexities and challenges of working with critical action learning in practice.     

Within-year changes in children’s intrinsic and extrinsic motivational orientations: Contextual predictors and academic outcomes

The present study was designed to investigate the nature, timing, and correlates of motivational change among a large sample (N = 1051) of third- through eighth-grade students. Analyses of within-year changes in students’ motivational orientations revealed that both intrinsic and extrinsic motivations decreased from fall to spring, with declines in intrinsic motivation especially pronounced for the adolescents and declines in extrinsic motivation especially pronounced for the elementary students. These changes in motivation were explained, in part, by shifts in students’ perceptions of the school goal context. Findings suggested that typical age-related declines in intrinsic motivation may be minimized by a school-wide focus on mastery goals. Finally, the potential academic consequences of students’ motivational orientations were examined with a series of hierarchical multiple regressions. Intrinsic motivation and classroom achievement appeared to influence one another in a positive and reciprocal fashion. Poor classroom performance minimally predicted higher levels of extrinsic motivation, but extrinsic motivation was not a source of low classroom grades.     

沱江流域20世纪中后期径流变化分析

以沱江流域为研究对象,选取位于干流中游的登瀛岩水文站实测资料．埘径流年内和年际变化进行分析,利用统计分析法、累积距平法等方法进行相关分析。通过对该水文站二十世纪中后期的观测数据进行分析和计算,表明沱江径流年内分配不均,具有典型季节性,多年变化平缓,呈现略微减少的趋势。为流域中长期水资源开发利用提供了理论依据,具有较强的实践指导价值。     

字体、字形与新旧字形

针对当前学术界在“字体”“字形”两概念的理解和使用上存在的模糊和混乱状态，提出：汉字有“字形变体”和“字体变体”两类变体；汉字字形有“结构字形”和“外貌字形”两种；所谓新旧字形，实际上属于“字体变体”，因此，两套汉字之阃的这种差异应当保持，并可各自发展，但没有必要相互交叉、渗透，新字形的标准没有必要贯穿到老式汉字的体系之中。