超临界CO2萃取茶叶籽油及其分子蒸馏馏出物抗氧化成分分析

以茶叶籽为原料,采用超临界CO2萃取得到茶叶籽油,通过分子蒸馏富集提取茶叶籽油中抗氧化成分,并采用UHPLC-TOF-MS分析其组成。结果表明,CO2流速对萃取速率影响较大,采用超临界CO2梯度萃取的模式,不同萃取阶段得到的茶叶籽油的酸价存在一定规律,在萃取初期,茶叶籽油的酸价较高,随着萃取过程的进行,酸价逐渐降低,说明游离脂肪酸更容易溶解在超临界CO2中。茶叶籽油分子蒸馏馏出物中主要的抗氧化成分包括：山茶甙C,表儿茶素没食子酸酯,表阿福豆素,表儿茶素及表没食子儿茶素等5种。     

橙皮挥发油的提取及成分分析

采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取橙皮中的挥发油,并用气相色谱-质谱联用仪分析挥发油的组成成分。结果表明,橙皮中挥发油橙香味浓郁,其主要成分为柠檬烯,气相色谱中的保留时间为6.72 min ,含量达到80％以上。     

Bunte盐法制备巯基乙酸实验合成新方法

采用氯乙酸和碳酸钠反应生成氯乙酸钠,控制氯乙酸钠溶液PH值为8～9,在70～75 ℃下与等摩尔硫代硫酸钠反应生成Bunte盐,加入反应物重量10%的硫酸,控制温度为80～90 ℃,时间为80min进行酸化反应;再加入反应物重量2%的Zn粉在40～50 ℃下还原80min,得到粗产品;萃取、精馏后巯基乙酸纯度可达98.6%,收率可达到89.7%.     

加盐萃取精馏制取无水乙醇模拟研究

以CaCl₂/C₂H6O₂为萃取剂,在Wilson热力学状态方程下,利用Aspen Plus模拟乙醇-水体系的加盐萃取精馏分离。获得了两塔较优的操作参数。在最优条件下,T1塔顶乙醇纯度高达99.97%,T2塔顶水纯度高达99.95%,整个分离过程中,乙醇的回收率高达99.99%,该工艺满足分离要求。     

Comparison of volatile and semivolatile compounds fromcommercial cigarette by supercritical fluid extractionand simultaneous distillation extraction

Supercritical carbon dioxide fluid extraction (SFE) was studied as a rapid method for extraction of volatile and semivolatile compounds of Chinese commercial cigarettes. The method was compared with simultaneous distillation and extraction (SDE). Temperature and pressure for the SFE were optimized. The extracts obtained by the two methods showed different characters in composition and represented differently the flavor characteristics of tobacco; compared to SDE, SFE can extract compounds within a shorter time and avoid the thermal degradation and solvent contamination of samples. The extracts by the two extraction methods are complementary for investigating the flavor characteristic of tobacco products.     

制取无水乙醇的两种方法的研究及比较

本文分别介绍了用乙二醇和甘油作萃取剂,加入一种强碱弱酸盐处理乙醇——水体系来提取无水乙醇。通过配制不同比例的萃取剂和工业酒精的混合物来进行实验,并从不同角度比较了这两种萃取剂的优劣。实验结果表明:用甘油作萃取剂优于乙二醇。