3号喷气燃料蒸馏残留量的测定探讨

根据茂名石化公司在3号喷气燃料蒸馏测定中遇到的实际情况，按照GB／T6536—1997的规定，就蒸馏残留量的大小与最后加热强度之间的关系进行探讨，得出了3号喷气燃料残留量随后加热强度的增大而减少。     

关于用水蒸汽蒸馏法从桔皮中提取柠檬烯装置的改进

本文针对水蒸汽蒸馏法从桔皮中提取柠檬烯实验装置进行了深入的研究，对其实验装置的不足，提出改进的建议．     

超声波辅助蒸馏法提取胡柚皮中香精油的研究

探究了影响超声波辅助水蒸气蒸馏法提取胡柚皮中香精油的主要因素,并采用单因素实验和正交实验法确定其最佳提取工艺。结果表明超声波功率250W,超声时间25min,蒸馏提取时间2.5h,氯化钠质量分数3%时,胡柚皮中香精油的提取率可以达到2.27%,从而为胡柚的综合利用及进一步的研究提供了可靠的依据和参考。     

《两组分连续精馏的计算》多媒体CAI课件的开发与应用

按照化工课对精馏的教学要求,用VB6.0编写了《两组分连续精馏的计算》程序,用于化工计算机辅助教学。该软件交互性好,界面简洁,易于操作,教学效果良好。     

醋酸-水萃取精馏过程的模拟

利用N-甲基甲酰胺（NMF）作萃取剂,萃取精馏分离醋酸和水混合物。利用Aspen Plus流程模拟软件对分离过程进行了模拟计算,确定了理论板数、加料板位置、回流比、加料比等最佳工艺条件及工艺参数。结果表明,利用NMF作萃取剂可以较好的实现醋酸和水的分离,醋酸的纯度可达99.94%,萃取剂可以循环利用;与普通精馏法相比,相同分离任务下,萃取精馏工艺的再沸器热负荷降低了60.4%,生产每吨醋酸再沸器消耗蒸汽量由7.1吨降低到2.8吨。说明萃取精馏法分离醋酸和水优于普通精馏法,节能效果明显,为工业化装置提供了重要的理论依据和设计参考。     

汽轮机的经济运行浅析

在能源短缺、厂网分家的大环境下,提高锅炉和汽轮机的经济运行水平,越来越受到电厂的重视。良好的燃烧状态和热传导性能,都能减少锅炉的各种热损失,使其保持高效率的经济运行;同时采取保温措施,也可有效降低燃油锅炉的运行成本。而汽轮机运行的经济性是与诸多方面有关的综合性问题。本文从多个方面探讨了锅炉和汽轮机经济运行的影响因素。     

Assessing the role of steam power in the first industrial revolution: The early work of Nick von Tunzelmann

This article considers the historiographical and theoretical significance of Nicholas von Tunzelmann's first book, Steam Power and British Industrialization to 1860. Von Tunzelmann assessed the quantitative impact of the Watt steam engine and its pirate copies on the British economy using the social savings method pioneered by R.W. Fogel, showing that the impact was smaller and later than many historians had supposed. These results are of more than quantitative significance because they call into question a dominant line in the history of industrialization that focuses on the steam engine as a key determinant of the dynamics of industrial growth in Britain from the late eighteenth century. This article discusses the origin of this line in the work of Arnold Toynbee and outlines its long-term influence on economic history, including contemporary debates on the question of why Europe outpaced China and India from the seventeenth century. These issues are important also for innovation studies, which often describes the relation between innovation and growth in terms of such ‘critical technologies’ as steam power; these accounts are subject to the same weaknesses as technicist histories of industrialization. Von Tunzelmann's early work is therefore of continuing theoretical and empirical significance as we seek an adequate theory of the links between innovation and growth.     

On the patterns and determinants of the global diffusion of new technologies

Taking a largely empirical approach this paper addresses the global spread of new technologies by defining two diffusion margins – the extensive, referring to the spreading of first use across economies and the intensive, referring to the intensity of use within economies. Using data relating to mail services we indicate the relative importance of the intensive and extensive margins in global diffusion over time. Using data on steamships and the basic oxygen process for steelmaking we also explore whether there are international spillovers in the diffusion process. We find evidence of spillovers which appear more likely to be negative than positive.     

甘蔗糖蜜酒精生产废水治理——粗馏残液治理难的原因思考

甘蔗糖蜜酒精粗馏废水的综合利用和治理问题至今没有得到很好解决。在对该废水治理困难的原因进行分析的基础上,指出该废水治理困难的原因是废水的产生量太大和治理方案本身的不完善。并提出通过改进工艺及工艺条件,实现从根本上＂减排＂的途径和综合治理设想。     

孤独意识的美学辨识

孤独已不是生命运动中需要逃避的一种情绪感觉 ,恰是艺术家从生命底蕴处获取创作的一种力量。作为生命存在的体验 ,孤独意识在每个存在主体内心中不同形态地存在着 ,它不仅是现实性的意识、理性的意识 ,还是主体的意识、潜意识。伟大的艺术家在注重体验生活孤独的同时 ,会深刻而又真切地体验生命的孤独 ,并将孤独感改道注入艺术创作 ,以艺术的方式表现生命本体与生命存在相结合的人的各种状态。由我及彼上升为整体性的、有意义的精神情愫 ,将纯粹个人的孤独激荡升华为对全人类普遍孤独的关注。我们在本体论上承认孤独 ,还应在价值论上尊重孤独。孤独能凝聚艺术家内在生命的力量 ,走向艺术表现的孤傲与独创 ,实现人的生命自由 ,促使生命向力发出耀眼灼目的投射