土壤微生物学研究现状与展望

土壤微生物作为生物地球化学过程的引擎, 驱动土壤圈与其他各圈层之间发生活跃的物质交换和循环, 在维系陆地生态系统地上-地下相互作用, 支撑陆地生态系统过程和功能中发挥着不可替代的作用, 在土壤肥力形成和培育、污染土壤修复和全球环境变化中也扮演着重要的角色。因此土壤微生物学是现代土壤科学领域的研究前沿和热点。然而, 长期以来由于土壤生物系统的复杂性和土壤生物学研究技术手段的限制, 人类对土壤微生物多样性和功能的认识十分有限。近年来, 随着微生物分子生态学技术的发展和应用, 土壤微生物研究取得了诸多重要进展, 为促进土壤资源的可持续利用提供了科学依据和手段。文章简要回顾了近年来土壤微生物学领域的主要研究进展和发展趋势, 并抛砖引玉提出了未来发展的建议和思考。     

CS战略--图书馆信息服务质量管理的核心

阐述信息服务质量管理中“顾客满意战略”（CS）的涵义和实现CS战略应该遵循的原则,并就如何实现图书馆信息服务质量管理CS战略的对策进行了探讨.     

稻田主要节肢类捕食性天敌群落的多样性

对稻田主要节肢类捕食性天敌群落的多样性,及其与稻飞虱发生之间的关系进行了研究。结果表明,不同时间、不同地点以及水稻不同生育期的天敌群落的多样性有明显差异;化学农药的使用大大降低了群落多样性。天敌群落的多样性与稻飞虱的发生有一定的相关关系,多样性高的节肢类捕食性天敌群落能抑制稻飞虱的大发生。     

我国乡村旅游业发展概述

我国已步入休闲时代,随着人们生活节奏的加快,大众休闲已经从海外游、名山名水游、大中和沿海城市游向回归自然的乡村游转变。尤其是五一和十一长假的取消使亲近自然的体验式消费模式——乡村游急剧升温。     

价值多元与道德教育

价值多元的伦理生活中道德教育面临着道德正当性难题。价值多元但规范普遍,多元普遍主义的道德立场尊重多元谋求普遍．道德教育需要通过交往活动发展儿童的道德意识和道德能力,广泛联合的民主的生活方式是学校应当谋求的共同生活。相互承认的道德关系是道德自律和自我认同得以发展的条件,儿童只有在得到承认的条件下才能正常成长．道德教育应该为此提供情感的、认知的和价值的支持,承认的教育同时蕴涵了“每个人”和“所有人”的教育立场。     

Genomic consequences of population decline in critically endangered pangolins and their demographic histories

Pangolins are among the most critically endangered animals due to heavy poaching and worldwide trafficking. However, their demographic histories and the genomic consequences of their recent population declines remain unknown. We generated high-quality de novo reference genomes for critically endangered Malayan (Manis javanica, MJ) and Chinese (M. pentadactyla, MP) pangolins and re-sequencing population genomic data from 74 MJs and 23 MPs. We recovered the population identities of illegally traded pangolins and previously unrecognized genetic populations that should be protected as evolutionarily distinct conservation units. Demographic reconstruction suggested environmental changes have resulted in a population size fluctuation of pangolins. Additionally, recent population size declines due to human activities have resulted in an increase in inbreeding and genetic load. Deleterious mutations were enriched in genes related to cancer/diseases and cholesterol homeostasis, which may have increased their susceptibility to diseases and decreased their survival potential to adapt to environmental changes and high-cholesterol diets. This comprehensive study provides not only high-quality pangolin reference genomes, but also valuable information concerning the driving factors of long-term population size fluctuations and the genomic impact of recent population size declines due to human activities, which is essential for pangolin conservation management and global action planning.     

Cultural diversity in science education through Novelization: Against the Epicization of science and cultural centralization

Science educators are confronted with the challenge to accommodate in their classes an increasing cultural and linguistic diversity that results from globalization. Challenged by the call to work towards valuing and keeping this diversity in the face of the canonical nature of school science discourse, we propose a new way of thinking about and investigating these problems. Drawing on the work of Mikhail Bakhtin, we articulate epicization and novelization as concepts that allow us to understand, respectively, the processes of (a) centralizing and homogenizing culture and language and (b) pluralizing culture and language. We present and analyze three examples that exhibit how existing mundane science education practices tend, by means of epicization, towards a unitary language and to cultural centralization. We then propose novelization as a way for thinking the opening up of science education by interacting with and incorporating alternative forms of knowing that arise from cultural diversity. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 48: 824–847, 2011     

牢牢把握邓小平科技思想全面实施21世纪科教兴国战略

实施科教兴国战略是全面推进建设有中国特色社会主义事业的重要举措。邓小平科技思想是邓小平理论的重要组成部分，其“科学技术是第一生产力”、“尊重知识、尊重人才”、“善于创新”以及科技与经济结合的思想，为我国全面实施科教兴国战略奠定了坚实的理论基础。认识学习、全面把握邓小平科技思想，对于加强和促进我国科教兴国战略的实施，迎接21世纪知识经济的挑战，具有十分重要的意义。     

ORACLE数据库备份方法及策略

数据库系统具有强大的数据处理能力，但任何硬件或软件上的故障都可能导致数据库系统不能正常工作，因此，数据库的备份非常重要。建议数据库运行在归档方式下运行热备份。为了防止各种突发事件的出现，要对灾难过程有一个清醒的认识以及数据损失的大小、时间的可容忍性。要充分考虑备份方案中的性价比和操作的简单性、实用性，以及系统的可扩充性和安全性。