土壤微生物学研究现状与展望

土壤微生物作为生物地球化学过程的引擎, 驱动土壤圈与其他各圈层之间发生活跃的物质交换和循环, 在维系陆地生态系统地上-地下相互作用, 支撑陆地生态系统过程和功能中发挥着不可替代的作用, 在土壤肥力形成和培育、污染土壤修复和全球环境变化中也扮演着重要的角色。因此土壤微生物学是现代土壤科学领域的研究前沿和热点。然而, 长期以来由于土壤生物系统的复杂性和土壤生物学研究技术手段的限制, 人类对土壤微生物多样性和功能的认识十分有限。近年来, 随着微生物分子生态学技术的发展和应用, 土壤微生物研究取得了诸多重要进展, 为促进土壤资源的可持续利用提供了科学依据和手段。文章简要回顾了近年来土壤微生物学领域的主要研究进展和发展趋势, 并抛砖引玉提出了未来发展的建议和思考。     

鲁苏粤浙财政科技投入对比分析及对策研究

本文对山东省2009-2013年的财政科技投入现状进行了分析,并与粤苏浙三省在财政科技拨款总量、RD经费支出规模等方面进行了比较分析,指出山东省与粤苏浙比较在财政科技投入方面的优劣势及存在的问题,并借鉴国内外先进做法,提出提高山东省财政科技投入效益的相关对策建议,为政府部门提供决策参考。     

具有Allee效应的食饵-捕食模型的最优捕获问题

建立了食饵含Allee效应的最优捕获模型,证明了系统平衡点的渐进稳定性和全局稳定性,并讨论了生态平衡点的存在性,最后利用Pontryain最大值原理确定了最优捕获策略.     

How can science connect with and contribute to conservation? Recommendations and reflections

This paper reports the conclusions and recommendations of the working group that synthesized the discussions on ‘How can science connect with and be of greater benefit to conservation practice?’ during the ICCROM Forum on Conservation Science. The author reflects on these findings from her own perspective and experiences, and places them in the context of two major shifts in heritage research: the first, a shift in focus from conserving materials to managing meaning. The second, a shift in organizational structures from single, centrally funded heritage institutions towards diffuse networks which include new players who have no direct responsibility towards heritage. Both shifts are taking place in an environment of decreased funding and increased accountability to society. Science and conservation connect and contribute to each other most effectively if they together contribute to the societal benefits of heritage. In this regard, heritage science strategies can stimulate collaboration, and direct science and conservation towards innovative, applicable outcomes. Moreover, they can promote a transdisciplinary approach which connects social, economic and business sciences and stakeholders. They should also ensure the creation of sustainable nodes for consolidating knowledge within these dynamic networks.     

黑龙江八一农垦大学人工湖原生动物种类构成及水质评价

采用PFU法和直接取水法对黑龙江八一农垦大学校园人工湖内原生动物的种类构成进行研究,结合Margalef多样性指数等各项指标对水质进行评价。     

山西小杂粮品牌塑造策略探析

当今,人们的饮食结构发生了很大的变化,小杂粮因其健康、保健而倍受青睐,山西俗称"小杂粮王国",小杂粮品牌虽有所发展,但是品牌杂而乱,阻碍了小杂粮市场的进一步拓展,本文针对山西小杂粮品牌建设中存在的问题,分别从人才、科技、营销、政府支持等方面提出了解决对策。     

The Jazz Archives Fellowship: Professional Development and Diversity at the Institute of Jazz Studies

The Institute of Jazz Studies (IJS) started the Jazz Archives Fellows program in 2012 with two purposes in mind. First, the program focuses on improving diversity in the archives profession. Second, it provides a meaningful professional development opportunity for archivists in the early stages of their careers and for students in graduate programs who intend to become archivists. In addition, the IJS benefits directly from the fellows' work to process a collection and create a digital project. This article presents a case study of the Fellowship with a focus on program design, values, and lessons learned and includes recommendations for establishing similar programs.     

盐碱化草地各群落中植物种多样性的分析

自然保护已成为人类面临的重大问题之一,而自然保护的基本内容是保护生物多样性。羊草草原是松嫩平原上具有一定耐盐碱性的重要草场资源,由于过度放牧而导致让盐碱化加重,出现了植物种类组成各异的群落。盐碱化与植物多样性的关系如何,是本文研究的宗旨。本文从物种的丰富度、均匀性和多样性三个测度水平来探讨分析了物种分布格局随盐碱化梯度的变化趋势。     

Personal ties,group ties and latent ties: connecting network size to diversity and trust in the mobile social network WeChat

This study examines whether and how network size is associated with diversity and trust in the mobile SNS context. Online survey data (N?=?327) on Chinese WeChat users reveal that both personal network size and extended network size are positively related to the diversity of people’s social networks. We believe the explanation for these findings may be that the affordances of WeChat provide users opportunities to accumulate a wide spectrum of relations ranging from strong ties, weak ties to latent ties and thus a larger network can enable them to access to more diverse resources. We also find that extended network size is negatively related to people’s trust in their WeChat contacts. We argue that the increasing size of the extended network may reduce familiarity, certainty and accountability that assumed to be prerequisites of trust.     

多元化——民族贫困地区农村基础教育课程文化建设的价值取向

民族贫困地区农村基础教育是我国基础教育体系中的一个重要组成部分。新课改要在民族贫困地区农村取得成功,就必须考虑其文化多元的特殊文化背景,从深层的文化层面对基础教育课程文化进行重塑。实现课程目标文化、课程内容文化、课程实施文化和课程评价文化的多元化。