纯品枸杞多糖和运动

枸杞多糖具有广泛的生物活性,能增强运动能力、抑制过度训练造成的不利影响及清除自由基,本文就其与运动的关系作一阐述。     

Emotion recognition in fathers and mothers at high-risk for child physical abuse

Objective

The present study was designed to determine whether parents at high risk for physical child abuse, in comparison with parents at low risk, show deficits in emotion recognition, as well as to examine the moderator effect of gender and stress on the relationship between risk for physical child abuse and emotion recognition.

Methods

Based on their scores on the Abuse Scale of the CAP Inventory (Milner, 1986), 64 parents at high risk (24 fathers and 40 mothers) and 80 parents at low risk (40 fathers and 40 mothers) for physical child abuse were selected. The Subtle Expression Training Tool/Micro Expression Training Tool ( [Ekman, 2004a] and [Ekman, 2004b]) and the Diagnostic Analysis of Nonverbal Accuracy II (Nowicki & Carton, 1993) were used to assess emotion recognition.

Results

As expected, parents at high risk, in contrast to parents at low risk, showed deficits in emotion recognition. However, differences between high- and low-risk participants were observed only for fathers, but not for mothers. Whereas fathers at high risk for physical child abuse made more errors than mothers at high risk, no differences between mothers at low risk and fathers at low risk were found. No interaction between stress, gender, and risk status was observed for errors in emotion recognition.

Conclusions and practice implications

The present findings, if confirmed with physical abusers, could be helpful to further our understanding of deficits in processing information of physically abusive parents and to develop treatment strategies specifically focused on emotion recognition. Moreover, if gender differences can be confirmed, the findings could be helpful to develop specific treatment programs for abusive fathers.     

电针应力点加夹脊穴治疗下腰伤病46例

分析脊柱生理弯曲解剖结构,结合下腰伤痛多发生在腰骶部的临床表现,提出主穴应力点位于腰骸部劳损组织。作者认为,引起下腰伤痛的病变组织,正好位于应力点。针刺夹脊穴腰段疼痛区,兴奋脊神经后支,血行痛止,以治其标。电针应力点,以针代刀,松解劳损组织,松则不痛,以治其本。介绍电针应力点加夹脊穴治疗下腰伤痛46例,有效率为89％。     

Breast cancer in developing population: A nutrition caveat

From January 1992-January 1998, 1404 patients attended the “Breast Clinic” of R.N.T. Medical College M.B. Hospital, Udaipur. Out of these, 11% and 81% patients had breast cancer (B.C.) and benign breast cancer (B.B.D.) respectively. The oxidative load in B.C. was 2.32 times higher than controls, but comparable to B.B.D. β-Carotene deficiency was uncommon in patients, whereas vitamin A deficiency was almost equally common in both B.C. and controls. Most of the patients had almost depleted levels of α-tocopherol and ascorbic acid but their TBAR levels were in normal range. The data in the present study when compared with B.B.D. and other local normal subjects point out: a) oxidative burden in B.C. is a consequence and not the cause of the disease, (b) oxidative stress could be one of the etiological factors in tumor expression, which need not to be malignant and c) α-tocopherol and ascorbic acid are not importantly responsible for higher oxidative burden in B.C.     

The effects of substrate and fluid provision on thermoregulatory and metabolic responses to prolonged exercise in a hot environment

A high ambient temperature reduces the capacity to perform prolonged exercise. Total carbohydrate oxidation is less, and thus glycogen depletion is not limiting. Fluid ingestion in the heat should, therefore, focus on maintenance of hydration status rather than on substrate provision. Six healthy males cycled to exhaustion at 60% of maximum oxygen consumption (VO 2max ) with no drink, ingestion of a 15% carbohydrate-electrolyte drink (1.45 - 0.29 litres) or ingestion of a 2% carbohydrate-electrolyte drink (3.12 - 0.47 litres). The ambient temperature was 30.2 - 0.6°C (mean - s ), with a relative humidity of 71 - 1% and an air speed of approximately 0.7 m.s -1 on all trials. Weighted mean skin temperature, rectal temperature and heart rate were recorded and venous samples drawn for determination of plasma volume changes, blood metabolites, serum electrolytes and osmolality. Expired gas was collected to estimate rates of fuel oxidation. Exercise capacity was significantly ( P ? 0.05) different in all trials. The median (range) time to exhaustion was 70.9 min (39.4-97.4 min) in the no-drink trial, 84.0 min (62.7-145 min) in the 15% carbohydrate trial and 118 min (82.6-168 min) in the 2% carbohydrate trial. The 15% carbohydrate drink resulted in significantly ( P ? 0.05) elevated blood glucose and total carbohydrate oxidation compared with the no-drink trial. The 2% carbohydrate drink restored plasma volume to pre-exercise values by the end of exercise. No differences were observed in other thermoregulatory or cardiorespiratory responses between trials. These results suggest that fluid replacement with a large volume of a dilute carbohydrate drink is beneficial during exercise in the heat, but the precise mechanisms for the improved exercise capacity are unclear.     

大鼠梗阻性黄疸对急性胃粘膜病变的影响及洛赛克对它的预防研究

通过制作大鼠 Ｏ Ｊ和 Ａ Ｇ Ｍ Ｌ 模型,研究了 Ｏ Ｊ对 Ａ Ｇ Ｍ Ｌ 的影响及洛赛克对 Ａ Ｇ Ｍ Ｌ 的预防作用．结果表明： Ｏ Ｊ能明显加强大鼠应激下 Ａ Ｇ Ｍ Ｌ 的形成,且其 Ａ Ｇ Ｍ Ｌ 的严重性与胆道梗阻时间相关,洛赛克对 Ｏ Ｊ大鼠应激下 Ａ Ｇ Ｍ Ｌ 的形成有预防作用     

大学生运动实施度与应激关系的研究

研究探讨了SCL-6三维应激测试量表的信赖性,分析了大学生运动实施度与应激的关系.结果表明,SCL-6量表测试应激的信赖性是可以确认的,证实运动实施度与应激水平的高有十分密切的关系,即运动高实施群的应激水平要明显低于低实施群.其中,运动强度与时间对减缓应激的作用更为显著,而运动频度对应激的减缓效果并不明显.     

指数型功能梯度材料平面问题应力场通解修正形式

以指数型功能梯度材料为模型,修正了文献[2]中某个公式的推导,并利用此结果改进了文献[2]中关于平面问题应力场通解的结果.     

一种腐蚀疲劳损伤的非线性累加演化模型

研究目的：提出一种新的腐蚀疲劳损伤演化模型,建立基于损伤演化的腐蚀疲劳寿命预测模型。创新要点：将应力腐蚀损伤与疲劳损伤非线性耦合,建立腐蚀疲劳损伤演化律,依托实验确定腐蚀疲劳损伤演化参数,形成基于损伤演化律的腐蚀疲劳寿命预测模型。研究方法：采用理论研究与实验验证相结合的研究方法。选取特定材料设计应力腐蚀实验,回归应力腐蚀门槛值应力和损伤参数（图2）;查阅疲劳实验数据建：立变幅疲劳损伤模型,将应力腐蚀损伤与变幅疲劳损伤非线性累加形成腐蚀疲劳损伤非线性演化模型。根据腐蚀疲劳实验结果,验证腐蚀疲劳损伤演化模型并确定非线性损伤累加参数（图5和6）,形成基于损伤演化律的腐蚀疲劳寿命预测模型。重要结论：从损伤力学角度,将材料的腐蚀疲劳损伤处理成应力腐蚀损伤与疲劳损伤的非线性累加,形成腐蚀疲劳损伤演化模型。结合LY12CZ铝合金的试验结果,验证了损伤演化模型的可行性。该方法可以为材料腐蚀疲劳的寿命评价研究提供新的思路。     

刑法中的“暴力”与“胁迫”手段

"暴力"和"胁迫"作为刑法中的重要犯罪手段,一直在刑法中有着重要的地位,在刑法分则中二者也经常同时出现,足见二者之间有着密切的联系。相比"暴力"来说,"胁迫"的内容更加广泛,即包括以暴力相威胁,还包括以揭发隐私、破坏名誉、对与被害人有特定关系的人进行伤害或者其他能够使被害人产生恐惧心理的内容相威胁。而随着社会的发展,犯罪手段也有多样化和复杂化的发展趋势,在这种情况下,如果放任自流的话,会对今后的司法实践造成巨大的困难。论文从"暴力"与"胁迫"的含义及特点入手,进一步分析我国刑法中对其的规定,并进行总结和分析,将二者进行区别。指出我国刑法中关于"暴力"和"胁迫"方面的一些不足之处,并提出自己对于以后司法实践的期待以及法律修改的意见。