The Determinants of Students' Perceived Learning Outcomes and Satisfaction in University Online Education: An Empirical Investigation*

In this study, structural equation modeling is applied to examine the determinants of students' satisfaction and their perceived learning outcomes in the context of university online courses. Independent variables included in the study are course structure, instructor feedback, self‐motivation, learning style, interaction, and instructor facilitation as potential determinants of online learning. A total of 397 valid unduplicated responses from students who have completed at least one online course at a university in the Midwest were used to examine the structural model. The results indicated that all of the antecedent variables significantly affect students' satisfaction. Of the six antecedent variables hypothesized to affect the perceived learning outcomes, only instructor feedback and learning style are significant. The structural model results also reveal that user satisfaction is a significant predictor of learning outcomes. The findings suggest online education can be a superior mode of instruction if it is targeted to learners with specific learning styles (visual and read/write learning styles) and with timely, meaningful instructor feedback of various types.     

Creating (in) equalities in access to higher education in the context of structural adjustment and post-adjustment policies: the case of chile

By analyzing the access of different socio-economic groups to post-secondary institutions by quintile, this paper examines the impact produced by higher education financing policies in Chile during the Pinochet (1973–1990), the Aylwin (1990–1994) and the Frei (1994–2000) administrations. To this purpose, CASEN databases and semi-structured interviews conducted with former and current government officials as well as higher education administrators provide valuable information to measure the impact that higher education financing policies had on different socio-economic groups. Access to post-secondary institutions is seen in relation to two aspects: (a) enrollment rates by type of institution and sector and (b) access of students (18–24 year-old group) by family per capita income level. Major conclusion set up that despite increased participation across all socio-economic groups within the post secondary system, upper and upper-middle income students gained access to higher education disproportionately compared to lower, lower-middle, and middle income groups during the 1987–1998 period.

茅盾小说创作的现实主义特征

茅盾是继鲁迅之后出现的现实主义文学大师。他的创作，着意捕捉和现实联系的事件，用典型形象集中地反映了中国二、三十年代的社会风貌、人民生活，同时，又闪现着理想主义的光芒。他的小说，开创了革命现实主义的创作方向。     

北京西山南窖地区南东东110°～120°拉伸线理形成时间的年代学制约

本文简要报导位于北京西山房山岩体以西约15km左右的南窖闪长岩脉形成的锆石U-Pb年龄,以及区内变形岩层中同变形的白云母和绢云母矿物的40Ar/39Ar年龄.在野外构造研究、室内岩石及显微构造分析基础上,获得细粒闪长岩岩脉锆石U-Pb年龄为136±1Ma,并且该岩脉受到后期构造片理化的改造.区内变形岩层中所发育的南东东110°～120°矿物拉伸线理及相关的“褶叠层”中同变形的白云母、绢云母的^40Ar/^39Ar坪年龄为133±1～127±1Ma.显然这些变形并非形成于三叠纪或“印支期”,而是形成于大规模的向北西方向强烈的挤压变形之后,与相邻区域的岩浆热作用同期或稍晚.这些构造-热年代学证据对于区内构造格局的形成与演化是一个重要的约束.     

Searching for the impact of teacher behavior on promoting students’ cognitive and metacognitive skills

This study investigates the impact of teaching factors on students’ cognitive and metacognitive achievement in mathematics. Written tests and the “Metacognitive Skills and Knowledge Assessment” tool were administered to grade 4 and 5 students (n = 924) at the beginning and end of the school year 2013-2014. A student questionnaire was used for measuring teaching factors. Multilevel SEM analyses revealed a reciprocal relationship between students’ cognitive and metacognitive skills. All teaching factors of the dynamic model of educational effectiveness were found to be associated with mathematics achievement but only four factors (modeling, assessment, questioning, and dealing with misbehavior) were associated with two aspects of metacognition (i.e. prediction and evaluation). Implications of findings are drawn.     

基于LMDI的江苏省能源消费总量增长效应分析

2002年以来,随着江苏省经济的快速发展,能源消费总量增长速度逐步加快,而省内能源供给远远小于需求,能源保障势必影响江苏省经济的可持续发展。因此,为全面分析江苏省能源消费增长的影响因素,本文从六大行业的能源消费入手,采用LMDI模型把江苏省1996年-2008年能源消费总量的增长的效应分解为生产效应、结构效应和强度效应。效应分解与分析结果表明:生产效应是促进能源消费增长的最主要因素,而强度效应对能源消费增长的抑制作用是江苏省近年来能源消费增长放缓的主要原因,结构调整带来的结构效应对能源消费增长的抑制作用还未显现出来;另一方面,工业尤其是高耗能行业生产效应的增长是江苏省能源消费强度增长的主要因素。因此,要降低江苏省能源消费强度,实现经济的可持续发展,应完善相应的法律和政策,调整产业结构、转变经济增长方式,提高能源利用效率,发展新能源和可再生能源。     

人才供给侧改革的“马太效应”

供给侧改革的核心是要转换经济发展动力,从一定意义上说,是要使经济发展由"人口红利"驱动转向"人才红利"驱动,而人才供需的结构失衡阻碍了这种转向,因此人才供给侧也需要改革。改革人才供给侧会产生"马太效应",这一效应在功能上是一个矛盾的存在:既有利于拔尖人才的脱颖而出,又会抑制大多数未成名人才的成长;既可以促进创新,又难以实现创新的集体涌现;既可以优化配置生产资源,又会造成资源畸轻畸重的分配不均和浪费。这种现象,须认真对待,采取措施加以优化,基本思路是:深入调查,摸清情况;科学预测,把握趋势;完善机制,有效调控。     

供给侧结构性改革背景下区域物流发展格局演变的探索性研究

作为我国物流系统的主要子系统之一,江苏省区域物流近年来发展较快,其中苏中、苏北物流发展水平已经超过全国平均水平,但仍然面临着增速放缓、结构性矛盾突出的挑战,特别是三大区域发展格局存在着较大差异。选取江苏省2006—2015年13市物流发展的官方、行业、物流企业层面发布的大样本翔实数据,打破原有的意识格局,借助SPSS统计软件,运用因子综合得分排序的方法,对江苏省区域物流发展分布格局重新划分,校准坐标、扭住关键,并为今后的相关研究提供新的视角和依据,以推进物流业供给侧结构性改革。     

合同能源管理绩效评价的理论模型构建与实证研究

学术上对于合同能源管理服务问题的研究主要是对其机制的研究,对合同能源管理服务绩效领域的实证研究相对来说比较少.为深入研究合同能源管理服务绩效的关键影响因素,并构建完善的合同能源管理服务绩效评价体系,本文根据可持续性科学(2.0版)思想,分析了合同能源管理服务绩效理论框架,提出了基于三重底线的服务绩效,多方利益相关主体满意度,合作满意度,过程管理效果,整体服务绩效之间关系的研究假设,构建了基于"压力(Pressure)-状态(State)-反映(Response)"(PSR)驱动力模型的合同能源管理对象,主体,过程三维绩效评价模型.同时基于上海地区109份有效调查问卷数据,采用结构方程模型实证检验理论模型所提出的15个研究假设.检验结果显示:合同能源管理服务主体中的节能服务公司,政府这两个主体的满意度与服务绩效之间研究假设没有通过检验,其他研究假设均通过检验.研究结果表明:①影响合同能源管理服务绩效各维度因素对整体服务绩效具有重要影响;②除了节能服务公司,政府这两个主体的满意度,其他核心利益相关主体满意度对合作满意度也具有重要影响;③节能服务公司满意度对合作满意度具有显著的消极影响.最后,基于上述研究结论,本文从过程管理,主体合作治理两个方面,为提升合同能源管理服务绩效提出对策建议.     

从左翼文化工作者到“党的知识分子”——论丁玲最重要转折期的小说

丁玲1930年代从一个社会批评者向为大众服务的左翼文化工作者,再到党的知识分子的转变,经历了多种客观上的阻碍与主观心理上的挫折,并且蕴含了许多不可言说的犹疑与彷徨。直到四十年代创作《太阳照在桑干河上》前后,作者才最终克服她与革命的疏离,并最终＂与人民结合＂,成为＂党的知识分子＂。丁玲的小说从侧面反映了这个转变的过程。这篇论文与西方的丁玲研究进行对话,分析她的创作从批判现实主义到革命现实主义,再到社会主义现实主义转变的过程,认为它们不但反映了她意图征服她的异化意识的努力下带来的个人＂主体性＂的转变,也契合了对于文学的三种＂理念＂（或文学作为社会-文化机制）的变迁,其中包含着很多为历史所限定的矛盾。