基于Delphi和AHP的区域城镇体系发展条件评价研究

本在实践的基础上探讨把Delphi法和AHP法结合起来研究区域城镇体系发展条件评价指标体系的构建和指标权数分配，然后以闽侯县为实例研究城镇体系发展条件等级评价，并据此提出该县城镇体系未来空间格局规划措施。最后。章对Delphi法和AHP法的结合作了简要的评述。     

Course evaluation in medical education

Course evaluation is integral to medical education. We discuss (1) distinctive features of medical education that impact on course evaluation, (2) a framework for course evaluations, (3) details that shape the evaluation process, (4) key measurement issues important to data gathering and interpretation, and (5) opportunities for expanding the scope of research regarding course evaluations. Drawing from higher education and medical education literature, a great deal is known about course evaluations. High-quality rating scales have been developed. There is evidence that ratings are valid and reproducible given sufficient ratings are gathered, but there remain many areas deserving of more research.     

Feeling feedback: students’ emotional responses to educator feedback

Assessment feedback allows students to obtain valuable information about how they can improve their future performance and learning strategies. However, research indicates that students are more likely to reject or ignore comments if they evoke negative emotional responses. Despite the importance of this issue, there is a lack of research exploring if certain types of students are more likely to experience negative emotional responses than others. This study builds on extant qualitative studies through a quantitative examination of two previously identified student variables: different citizenship backgrounds (domestic and international) and different grade expectations (higher or lower than expected). The participants were 4514 students from two Australian universities. Analysis of survey data revealed that, regardless of language experience, international students were more likely than domestic students to find feedback comments to be discouraging, upsetting and too critical. Students who received grades lower than they expected on a particular assessment task were more likely than students who received grades higher than they expected to feel sad, shameful and angry as a result of the feedback comments. This paper concludes with several recommendations, including the need to modify assessment feedback practices in order to be sensitive to different student cohorts.     

International teachers negotiating 21st century science classrooms: a question of hybridized identities and pedagogical imaginaries

International high school science teachers are crossing international and cultural borders to teach, raising important issues in education. In this article, we describe the cross-cultural assessment challenges that four international science teachers encountered when they migrated to teach in the United States. These included differences in grade expectations for a given quality of work, the weight given to final examinations, the assessment process, and cutoff scores for letter grades. To become proficient in their new teaching contexts, the participating teachers had to modify (or hybridize) their assessment philosophies and practices in order to conform to the expectations of their new schools. This hybridization process ushered them into what is proposed as the Pedagogical imaginary; a transitional space between the ``purity' of their native educational conventions and that of their American schools. The implications of these findings are discussed in hopes of improving high school science teaching experiences for international science teachers. Deborah J. Tippins is a Professor in the Department of Mathematics and Science Education at the University of Georgia. She served as a Fulbright Scholar in the Philippines where she continues to explore notions of community-based science education. Her research interests include culturally relevant pedagogy, case-based science teaching and learning and post-structuralist feminist pedagogy and research. She is intensively involved in professional development of PreK-8 science teachers. In her spare time she likes to play tennis, travel and take her dog for long walks. Lorie Hammond is an Associate Professor in the Department of Teacher Education at California State University at Sacramento. Her work centers on community-based multicultural science education. For the past 10 years she has been leading action research projects centered in school-community gardens in diverse urban schools which serve as food security, oral history, science education, and service learning sites involving children, parents, teachers, and pre-service teachers. Lorie just co-edited a book, Innovations in educational ethnography: Theory, methods and results (2006), with George Spindler, and is finishing a book on how teachers can teach and learn with immigrant communities. She has recently been engaged in ethnographic and international research with immigrant women, developing relational and equalizing models of teaching and learning in immigrant communities. Charles B. Hutchison is an Assistant Professor at The University of North Carolina at Charlotte. He is the author of the book, Teaching in America: A cross-cultural guide for international teachers and their employers, and the upcoming book, Teaching diverse and urban learners: Research, best practices, and lesson planning. He is the recipient of Recognition and Key to the City of Boston, and has appeared on, or been featured by local and international news media. He was recently invited to participate in the Oxford Round Table at Oxford University, England. He teaches and provides professional development in science education, cross-cultural and urban education, and instructional strategies for diverse learners.     

This is the way to teach: insights from academics and students about assessment that supports learning

In this study, assessment and learning is reconceptualised as an integrated and dialogic process. Positioned in a sociocultural framework, the experiences of academics and students at an Australian university were examined to understand how they think about and participate in formative assessment to support learning. Semi-structured interviews and document analysis were used to investigate the lived experience, individual meanings and context of participants. The sociocultural issues that participants emphasised were highlighted through a power, risk and reconceptualisation analytical framework. Findings showed that academics and students give high value to dialogue as a device of trust and power for building learner capacity through assessment, and that academics’ familiarity with students’ individual learning reinforces student trust in the integrity and reliability of assessment. This study contributes to understandings of learning and assessment by offering their reconceptualisation as an integrated and dialogic whole when considered from sociocultural perspectives of the lived experience and context. Importantly, the study proposes that the design of intended learning experiences in assessment can also facilitate development of specific dispositions for thinking and being in students as learners and future citizens.     

Comparing the influence of various measurement error presentations in test score reports on educational decision-making

This study investigated (1) the extent to which presentations of measurement error in score reports influence teachers’ decisions and (2) teachers’ preferences in relation to these presentations. Three presentation formats of measurement error (blur, colour value and error bar) were compared to a presentation format that omitted measurement error. The results from a factorial survey analysis showed that the position of a score in relation to a cut-off score impacted most significantly on decisions. Moreover, the teachers (N = 337) indicated the need for additional information significantly more often when the score reports included an error bar compared to when they omitted measurement error. The error bar was also the most preferred presentation format. The results were supported in think-aloud protocols and focus groups, although several interpretation problems and misconceptions of measurement error were identified.     

房屋拆迁的法律分析

房屋是安身立命的根本,是基本的生活资料。拆迁是扩大城市规模、促进经济发展的重要方式。当前,我国城市房屋拆迁过程中出现了很多问题,这些问题如果处理不当,很容易造成拆迁矛盾激化,从而严重影响社会的安定和经济的发展。本文对如何解决房屋拆迁问题进行了一些探讨,提出了几种解决拆迁问题的方案。     

浅析死刑制度的存废

死刑是一种最为严厉的生命刑，在历史上多有适用。然而随着人权理论的发展，世界范围内废止死刑的呼声日益高涨。废止死刑是人道主义发展的必然要求，但在物质、精神条件尚未具备的目前，我国不宜废止死刑，而应将对死刑的严格限制作为最佳的进路。     

基于回归模型的大学生成绩影响因素分析

学习成绩是衡量学生能力的重要标准。正确认识和评价影响大学生学习成绩的因素并对此研究对策,有利于提升大学生的综合素质与能力。该文通过对西安文理学院学生信息的采集,分析学习成绩的影响因子并建立回归模型,从而预测出各因子和大学生学习成绩相关性,对高校提升教学质量提出了相关措施和建议。     

Restructuring a traditional student teacher supervision model: Fostering enhanced professional development and mentoring within a professional development school context

The purpose of this study was to pilot an alternative student teaching supervision model at a college of education in a US context. In the study, the collaborators used multiple paired dyads to supervise student teachers with multiple supports from college faculty. This study examined how teachers and university faculty planned the use of paired dyads and how participants responded to the innovation. The findings suggest teachers and junior faculty can undertake bottom-up reform within larger systemic constraints.