英国高等教育机构的研究水平评估及其借鉴意义

英国在过去的20年里对高等教育机构共进行了5次研究水平评估,并将对各机构的研究资助与这些评估结果相挂钩.这种评估对高校提高研究绩效起了很大的作用,但也产生一些负面的影响.借鉴他们的评估方法,探索切合我国实际的高校研究水平评估模式具有一定的现实意义.     

Does social justice count? ‘Lived democracy’ in mathematics classes in diverse Swedish upper secondary programmes

This article analyses what students attending four Swedish upper secondary school programmes with different social class profiles tried and wanted to influence in relation to mathematics teachers’ pedagogic practice and responses during the year 2008/2009. The theoretical framework is based on Bernstein’s theories regarding power and control. The analyses draw on ethnographic observations of classes taking the Natural Science and Social Science academic programmes, and the Vehicle and Child and Recreation vocational programmes, at two Swedish upper secondary schools. Students attending different programmes tried to influence the teaching. However, what the students taking the academic and vocational programmes were able to influence considerably differed. Generally, the vocational students exerted influence more successfully when they wanted to reduce the pace and difficulty of teaching, than when they wished to get more out of their education, while the opposite applied to the academic, especially Natural Science, students. Thus, the power relations reflected the programmes’ social class profiles and the students’ expected positions in society, despite policies at the time to promote democracy and reduce social reproduction in education. The findings support the importance of analysing not only students’ voices, but also their voices in relation to the pedagogic practice they encounter.     

水安全定义及其评价指数的应用

随着社会经济的不断发展,资源短缺、人口增长和环境退化等压力日益增加,由此导致的安全问题已超越了传统的国家或公众安全的研究范畴,包括环境变化在内的综合安全研究势在必行,水资源及水生态环境的变化对社会经济发展的影响应纳入综合安全的研究范畴.本文分析了环境变化与安全问题的本质联系,探讨了水安全的内涵,提出了水安全的定义;针对水安全评价问题,介绍了英国生态与水文中心提出的水贫穷指数,以及该指数监测水资源状况和水行业发展态势的应用情况,将水贫穷指数应用于海河流域,得出海河流域的水贫穷指数为46.6,表明海河流域的水安全状况处于中等程度,基本符合海河流域的实际情况,表明该指数具有一定的实用性,为研究并提出适合我国国情的水安全评价方法提供了有益的借鉴.     

Implementing New Reform Guidelines in Teaching Introductory College Statistics Courses

This article introduces the recently adopted Guidelines for the Assessment and Instruction in Statistics Education (GAISE) and provides two examples of introductory statistics courses that have been redesigned to better align with these guidelines.     

新形势下高职学生干部队伍建设之我见

高职院校的学生干部是校园文化的引导者、日常管理的辅助者和自我管理的主体者,是高职学生中的核心力量。学生干部队伍建设的好坏直接影响高职院校人才培养质量。本文在明确高职学生干部作用和特点的基础上,对新形势下高职学生干部队伍中出现的新问题,从思想教育、制度建设、心理引导和管理者自身建设四个方面探讨对策。     

African American Educators’ Perspectives on the Advanced Placement Opportunity Gap

This study examines perspectives of educators on the advanced placement opportunity gap for African American students. Using interviews with 11 educators from 10 high schools, we explored their perceptions regarding the impact of a local academic achievement program on the enrollment of African American students in honors and advanced placement courses. Results of the analysis suggest that there is a perceived and real gap in the participation of African American students in AP courses. Findings also revealed that educators were concerned about the lack of access for African American students to AP courses. Further, issues of belonging and operational citizenship within the school environment were raised. Recommendations for pedagogical techniques are presented as well as suggestions for future research. Jocelyn D. Taliaferro is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Social Work at North Carolina State University. Dr. Taliaferro earned her BA degree in Psychology with minors in African American Studies and English from University of Delaware and her MSW from Howard University in Washington, D.C. She returned to University of Delaware to earn her PhD in Urban Affairs and Public Policy. Dr. Taliaferro’s teaching and research interests include African American student achievement, social policy, community development, and family support. Jessica T. DeCuir-Gunby is an Assistant Professor of Educational Psychology in the Department of Curriculum & Instruction at North Carolina State University, CB#7801, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA. Dr. DeCuir-Gunby earned her BS degree with a double major in Psychology and Spanish from Louisiana State University. She earned both her MA and PhD degrees in Educational Psychology at the University of Georgia. Dr. DeCuir-Gunby’s research and theoretical interests include race and racial identity development in education, Critical Race Theory, mixed methods research, and emotions.     

“学业乐观”的引入及对我国教育的启示

关于乐观主义的理论和实践研究一直受到国内外学者的青睐。近期,一些美国学者发现“学业乐观”是影响学生成就的关键因素,他们的研究对我国的学校教育提供了一些良好的启示。     

助学贷款风险测算模型的构建

国家助学贷款的一个突出问题就是国家助学贷款面太窄,供求矛盾十分突出,且存在巨大的贷款风险。解决国家助学贷款难的关键就在于健全风险防范与补偿机制。本文对助学贷款风险测算模型的构建进行了探讨,并对促进助学贷款体系提出了相关的建议。     

在构建和谐社会背景下的武德教育

在全面推进素质教育和构建和谐社会的新形势下,需要对传统的武德教育加以改革,才能有利于武德教育的持续发展。本文运用文献资料、访谈法、和综合比较分析法等研究方法,对构建和谐社会背景下的武德教育进行了探讨。认为在构建和谐社会背景下开展武德教育工作是对武德教育的深化和改革,它有利于武德教育同和谐社会接轨,实现全社会的协调、和谐的发展,有利于武德教育的丰富和发展;寓武德教育于教学、训练之中,有利于学生思想道德水平和技术水平的提高,达到技德双修的目的,有利于武术的继承和发展;将武德教育与学校德育教育相结合,有利于和谐校园的构建;将武德教育同社会实践活动相结合,有利于和谐社会的构建。     

多面Rasch模型在学科能力测评中的应用

本研究利用多面rasch模型(MFRM)评估大学生"多元统计方法分析"课程的能力水平,并分析题目的难度和评分者的严苛度。研究结果显示,多面Rasch分析可以很好地解决开放式考试中对于学科能力的评估,其评估结果与学生的反馈一致。