许地山、萧红笔下的女性形象比较

普通劳动妇女形象是许地山、萧红笔下主要言说的对象。且在文本中呈现出一定意义上的“互文性”,渗透着创作主体对人生终极的思索。文章分析了许地山、萧红笔下女性形象的异同,并对构成文本不同性别内涵探究原因：创作主体的社会性别是其主因。     

加强大学生集体主义教育的必要性及存在的困难

随着改革开放的深入发展,社会主义市场经济的建立,人们的价值观、道德观发生了深刻的变化,作为精神文明建设的重要内容的集体主义道德教育,在当前大学思想政治教育中存在哪些困难,文章对此作了积极的探索.     

构建大学生网络诚信的主体性视角

在网络世界里,身份的虚拟性和网络传播的隐匿性,很容易在大学生中出现网络失信问题.解决问题的根本办法可以通过改变行为主体来改变行为,即构建大学生网络诚信必须培育大学生网络主体的自我意识,充分发挥网络主体意识自主性、能动性、自律性和创造性的基本功能,尊重大学生网络主体的主体地位,提高大学生网络主体的主体能力,塑造大学生网络主体的主体人格,使大学生树立诚信保护性价值观.     

Modelling home advantage in the Summer Olympic Games

Home advantage in team games is well proven and the influence of the crowd upon officials' decisions has been identified as a plausible cause. The aim of this study was to assess the significance of home advantage for five event groups selected from the Summer Olympic Games between 1896 and 1996, and put home advantage in team games in context with other sports. The five event groups were athletics and weightlifting (predominantly objectively judged), boxing and gymnastics (predominantly subjectively judged) and team games (involving subjective decisions). The proportion of points won was analysed as a binomial response variable using generalized linear interactive modelling. Preliminary exploration of the data highlighted the need to control for the proportion of competitors entered and to split the analysis pre- and post-war. Highly significant home advantage was found in event groups that were either subjectively judged or rely on subjective decisions. In contrast, little or no home advantage (and even away advantage) was observed for the two objectively judged groups. Officiating system was vital to both the existence and extent of home advantage. Our findings suggest that crowd noise has a greater influence upon officials' decisions than players' performances, as events with greater officiating input enjoyed significantly greater home advantage.     

Development and validation of the Decision-Specific Reinvestment Scale

Abstract

Items from the Reinvestment Scale were modified to create a decision-specific version of the scale. Principal components analysis of responses from 165 participants revealed one-, two-, three-, and four-factor solutions for the Decision-Specific Reinvestment Scale. Confirmatory factor analysis of responses from a second sample of 111 participants revealed that a 13-item two-factor solution showed the best fit. The first factor comprised six items referring to conscious monitoring of the process involved in making a decision, and was termed decision reinvestment. The second factor, decision rumination, comprised seven items related to focus on negative evaluations of previous poor decisions. In an initial assessment of predictive validity, Decision-Specific Reinvestment Scale scores of 59 skilled team sport players were found to be highly correlated with coaches' ratings of players' tendency to choke under pressure (r = 0.74), with high Decision-Specific Reinvestment Scale scores indicating greater susceptibility to poor decision-making under pressure. It was concluded that the Decision-Specific Reinvestment Scale highlights a performer's predisposition to engage in behaviours detrimental to performance under pressure, namely decision reinvestment and decision rumination.     

原始艺术的发生与特点

原始社会的生活是原始艺术萌生与发展的土壤。原始诗歌伴随劳动产生，其最初阶段，劳动、音乐、诗歌互相紧密联系，三位一体。原始人类以石头、陶器、骨牙器等为物质依托，创造并发展了绘画和雕塑艺术。原始艺术的发生和初期发展，又与原始宗教、原始巫术关系密切。在原始人的宗教信仰中，图腾信仰带有普遍性，其对原始艺术的影响亦带普遍性。原始神话把远古人类的图腾信仰表现出来，带有行为和道德规范化意义。原始的。ｃ理冲动导致原始歌舞的发生。原始先民的“自意识”发展成熟起来，原始艺术便从单纯的自娱性质进入到既自娱又娱人的性质。     

基于模糊聚类的主观题自动测评系统的初步实现

作者引入模糊数学中贴近度的概念来衡量人工阅卷中的得分点,利用模糊数学聚类分析过程来模拟人工阅卷的给分过程,设计了主观题的自动阅卷算法,并在系统中灵活设置了人工阅卷模块,构建了主观题网络考试系统。     

对五四时期从"人"的发现到"人"的失落的反思

在“五四”对各种外来文化思潮的兼容并蓄中 ,个人主义是当时统帅形形色色新思潮的总观念 ,也是五四一代知识分子 ,个性论者的人生圭臬。它唤醒了人们沉睡的个性意识 ,使人们认识到自我的价值。“人”的发现犹如石破天惊 ,震撼着“五四”知识分子们的心灵 ,他们尽情地表现自我形象 ,抒发自我情愫 ,表达自我要求。这种无拘无束地“表现自我”使五四文学显示出独具一格 ,与众不同的特质与异彩 ,也使得“五四”成为人的自觉的时代。然而 ,像昙花一现般短暂 ,个人主义如流星一般 ,眩目而壮美的划过长空后便立即黯淡下去 ,甚至成为了人们批判的对象。个人主义的倡导 ,自我表现这个五四文学思潮中最有分量 ,最值得骄傲的成果恰恰成为了众矢之的。为何个人主义在中国会如此迅速地从兴盛走向淡化 ,这无疑是由中国诸多社会、人文因素造成的     

纪实小说的写实特征与价值体现

对于争议中的纪实小说，不应丙作单向度的判断，而应给予多维的审美批评，就写实特而言，或以新闻的叙事立场进行“实体化”写实，体现其信息价值，或以个人的亲历与经验侧重于“主体化”写实，体现其,坐 体实验上，则显示出“边缘化”的写实风格，实践着学现代审美理想与追求。