Building the expert teacher prototype: A metasummary of teacher expertise studies in primary and secondary education

While expert teachers remain a frequent focus of research in education, to date there have been very few attempts to conduct systematic reviews of this literature. This paper presents the findings of the first systematic metasummary of research on teacher expertise in K12 education (primary/elementary and secondary levels), based on analysis of 106 empirical studies from 16 countries involving 1124 teachers identified as experts. The inductively-developed coding framework was applied independently by both authors to the dataset to generate agreement counts for specific coding themes, firstly for specific domains of teacher expertise, and then stratified to compare primary and secondary studies. We present 73 specific features organised into six domains in our expert teacher prototype. Salient findings indicate that, with regard to professional practice, expert teachers reflect extensively and often critically on their practice, help their colleagues frequently, and are continuous learners throughout their careers. Concerning knowledge, we find that expert teachers have well-developed pedagogical content knowledge and knowledge about their learners. In the domain of pedagogic practice, we observe that expert teachers display flexibility in the classroom, build strong interpersonal relationships with their learners, whom they engage through their choice of activities and content, and frequently make use of strategies typically emphasised in both constructivist and learner-centred education literatures. We offer our prototype as a useful initial sketch of family resemblance among expert teachers rather than a checklist of necessary or expected features of expertise, also cautioning that the prototype remains far from complete.     

重大工程复杂性马尔科夫链—熵度量模型构建

本文利用马尔科夫链来理解重大工程的不确定性和动态演化特征,利用熵理论来量化重大工程的复杂性水平,建立了重大工程复杂性的马尔科夫链-熵度量模型。结果表明,重大工程的复杂性包括技术、环境、组织、目标、信息和任务六个维度,并具有结构性、不确定性和动态性特征。马尔科夫链可以用来描述过程,熵可以用来量化复杂性。该研究可以揭示重大工程的宏观状态与微观状态之间的关系,测度重大工程的复杂性水平,分析可持续发展趋势并进行预测决策和控制。     

2005年第十一届世界游泳锦标赛跳水比赛评析

通过对2005年第11届世界游泳锦标赛的跳水成绩进行对比分析研究,探索世界跳水发展趋势和世界跳水实力格局,为备战2008年奥运会提供理论参考。我国跳水运动仍然具有较大的优势,但前景不容乐观,有些项目的优势正在丧失,部分项目缺乏领军人物。我们必须认真研究跳水运动技术的发展趋势,提高科学化训练水平、强化心理素质和提高运动技术水平,才能继续保持我们的优势。     

学术特刊出版的主题策划与质量控制——《科技导报》“屠呦呦荣获诺贝尔奖特刊”探析

【目的】探索围绕重大科技事件高效出版学术特刊,有效提升期刊的新闻性及社会影响的策略。【方法】 以《科技导报》出版“屠呦呦荣获诺贝尔奖特刊”为例,阐述了特刊的出版策略：结合社会舆论热点策划选题,将科技事件外延,拓展选题思路;借助主办单位、编委、编辑等力量全方位组约稿;突破学术期刊框架,重视版面设计,加强整体包装;利用专家库、自身网站、博客资源,结合新媒体手段对刊物进行宣传推广。【结果】 针对重大科技事件组织特刊,能够增加主题内容的集中度,顺应社会热点的关注度,扩大科技期刊的影响力。【结论】 《科技导报》“屠呦呦荣获诺贝尔奖特刊”为响应科技事件的快速出版提供了一定经验和借鉴。     

发挥档案优势 强化教育功能 服务文化大发展大繁荣——江苏档案系统爱国主义教育基地建设回顾与展望

"十一五"期间,江苏档案系统爱国主义教育基地管理水平不断提升,场馆设施建设突飞猛进,教育服务功能日益突出。今后,必须进一步丰富活动形式,强化精品意识,健全管理运行机制,善于把握机遇,培育教育品牌,加强自身业务建设,进一步提高爱国主义教育基地工作的总体水平。     

A rapid review method for extremely large corpora of literature: Applications to the domains of modelling, simulation, and management

While literature reviews with a large-scale scope are nowadays becoming a staple element of modern research practice, there are many challenges in taking on such an endeavour, yet little evidence of previous studies addressing these challenges exists. This paper introduces a practical and efficient review framework for extremely large corpora of literature, refined by five parallel implementations within a multi-disciplinary project aiming to map out the research and practice landscape of modelling, simulation, and management methods, spanning a variety of sectors of application where such methods have made a significant impact. Centred on searching and screening techniques along with the use of some emerging IT-assisted analytic and visualisation tools, the proposed framework consists of four key methodological elements to deal with the scale of the reviews, namely: (a) an incremental and iterative review structure, (b) a 3-stage screening phase including filtering, sampling and sifting, (c) use of visualisation tools, and (d) reference chasing (both forward and backward). Five parallel implementations of systematically conducted literature search and screening yielded a total initial search result of 146 087 papers, ultimately narrowed down to a final set of 1383 papers which was manageable within the limited time and other constraints of this research work.     

基于3G智能手机的移动学习系统化设计模式构建

移动学习具有便捷性、高效性、情境性、交互丰富等特点,且3G智能手机为移动学习提供了良好的物质基础和应用环境,因此构建由需求分析、目标确定、学习者特征分析、障碍因素分析、活动任务设计、学习场景设计、学习支持设计、学习评价设计、反馈修改等9个环节组成的系统化学习设计模式,能有效地指导移动学习的开展。     

The extended Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT2): A systematic literature review and theory evaluation

The extended unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT2) is less than ten years old and has already garnered more than 6000 citations with extensive usage in information systems and beyond. This research employed cited reference search to systematically review studies that cited UTAUT2 originating article. Based on UTAUT2 usage, the downloaded articles were classified into four categories such as: 1) General citation, 2) UTAUT2 application, 3) UTAUT2 integration, and 4) UTAUT2 extensions. Weber's (2012) theory evaluation framework revealed UTAUT2 as a robust theory on most dimensions except for parsimony arising from the complex model. UTAUT2 extensions emerged as popular UTAUT2 utilization category as researchers extended the model with context specific variables. Finally, UTAUT2 extensions were mapped to Johns' (2006) context dimensions to identify various limitations of the existing technology adoption research and to provide multi-level framework for future researchers with libraries of context dimensions.     

科技评审专家工作质量元评价体系及应用研究——以广东省重点领域研发项目为例

围绕科技评审专家质量评价体系建设与应用研究这一主题,总结国家层面、广东省关于科技评审专家科研诚信管理方面的主要政策措施,基于元评价理论建立科技评审专家工作质量评价模型,并运用广东省重点领域研发项目评审数据进行实证分析,评价专家评审工作质量。研究发现,不同指标的平均得分与标准差存在明显的差异,应当受到相对应的关注与重视;同时,实例中大多数专家的评审质量处于一般的水平,需加强对表现较差的指标的监督管理。最后,根据政策梳理和模型的实证结果,提出完善科技评审专家信用管理工作的优化措施和建议。     

一株巨大芽孢杆菌的分类鉴定

基于16S rRNA序列分析和生理生化实验,对从伽师瓜病瓜上分离的一株细菌ZP-1进行了分类鉴定.结果表明,该分离菌株ZP-1与Bacillus megaterium strain PAB1C5（EU221343.1）具有99%的相似性.因此,初步推断ZP-1菌株隶属于巨大芽孢杆菌属（Bacillus magaterium）.