中共八大关于社会主要矛盾结论的认识分歧及其后果

由于生产资料所有制改造加速完成，中共领导对社会制度转变缺乏足够的心理准备和思想准备，八大之前未能对新制度建立后社会主要矛盾进行认真研究，八大虽然对社会主要矛盾问题做出了结论。但大会主题报告没有涉及这个问题，会议议程也没有就此问题进行过讨论，因此，八大关于社会主要矛盾的结论显得比较粗糙。它在形成之初就未达到统一认识，毛泽东不赞成八大关于社会主要矛盾的结论，却又主张先不要急于修改这个结论。围绕八大作出的结论，当时的理论界进行过专题讨论，但没有形成集中的看法，无助于统一认识，毛泽东后来明确改变了八大的结论，强调无产阶级与资产阶级的矛盾是社会主要矛盾，并逐步发展到“以阶级斗争为纲”。这个改变是战略性的失误，危害是极其严重的。     

利用荷移光谱法测定可待因片剂的含量

本文研究了可待因与 7,7,8,8-四氰基对二次甲基苯醌 (TCNQ)的荷移反应 ,对反应条件进行了优化 .在丙酮介质中 ,二者在室温 (30℃ )中 30min即可形成 1:1荷移络合物 .分别在74 3和 84 0nm处有较强光吸收 .可待因浓度在 0 .6～ 7(g·mL-1范围内符合比尔定律 ,其表观摩尔吸光系数在 2 .3× 10 4～ 5 .1× 10 4;方法的相对标准偏差为 1.8%～ 2 .4 % (n =9) .     

稀土配合物Sm（hq）2Ac的标准摩尔生成焓的测定

用具有恒温环境的溶解-反应量热计,测定了在T = 298.15K时[SmCl3 6H2O (s) + 2Hhq (s)+NaAc(s)]和[Sm(hq)2Ac(s)+NaCl(s)+2HCl(g)+6H2O(l)]反应的标准摩尔反应焓为(213.6±1.5)kJ mol-l,根据上述标准摩尔反应焓和其它的热力学数据可求得在T = 298.15 K时Sm(hq)2Ac-l的标准生成焓是 (1217.7±3.4)kJ mol.     

中共八大前后毛泽东的执政党三大建设思想探析

执政党建设思想,是毛泽东完整的党建学说的重要组成部分。党的八大前后,毛泽东对执政党的建设进行了成功的探索,提出了执政党的三大建设思想:一是执政能力建设思想,主要是党领导和驾驭经济建设的能力、警惕资产阶级思想侵蚀的拒腐防变能力、调动一切积极因素的社会整合能力;二是先进性建设思想,包括用发展着的新理论指导实践的理论创新、为实现社会主义和共产主义而不懈努力的目标追求、为更高的共产党员条件而斗争的经常性党员教育;三是制度建设思想,如健全党的民主集中制、实行党的代表大会常任制、废除领导干部终身制等。这三大建设是一个既有区别又有联系的有机统一体,也都是综合性的建设和长期性的建设,不可能一劳永逸,它将在党的执政实践中得到发展。     

cDNA cloning and sequence analysis of genome segments S8 from rice black-streaked dwarf virus

Genome segments S8 of two Chinese isolates of rice black-streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV), one from Zhejiang Province and another from Hebei Province, were amplified by RT-PCR and sequenced. Both segments consisted of 1936 nts in full length (EMBL accession numbers were AJ297431 and AJ297432, respectively) and contained only one big open reading frame which encoded a polypeptide with molecular weight of 68kD. The two Chinese isolates shared 94.0% and 96.5% identity at nucleotide and amino acid level, respectively. They shared 94.5-94.9% and 92.5-92.9% homology with S8 of RBSDV Japanese isolate at nucleotide and amino acid level, respectively; shared 85.1-87.6% and 91.7-91.9% homology with S7 of Italian MRDV (maize rough dwarf virus).     

光纤通信系统中2/8转换单元的设计

提出了以2／8转换芯片为核心的2／8转换单元的一种设计方案，将CPLD／FPGA技术与光纤通信技术结合，其技术指标符合ITU—T建议G．703的要求，使产品外围电路简单，成本低，可靠性高。     

气动机械手控制实验系统设计

利用TMS320VC5509A和EP2C8Q208设计实现了一个气动机械手实验控制系统,通过DSP C和FPGA Verilog HDL语言编程取代了体积庞大的PLC控制系统,实现了20路电磁换向阀控制。16路10 bit DAC精确控制比例阀电压从而控制气动机械手指的动作力度,利用8路10 bit ADC采集指端触感压力传感器压力信号并且完成波形显示,提供机械手指的握力反馈信息,提高了机械手的控制精度和控制速度。     

虚拟资本及其与实际资本关系探析

随着市场经济的发展，虚拟资本在经济中的地位与作用越来越重要，虚拟资本有两种主要形态，即以商业票据等存在实物对应的虚拟资本和与实际资本相距较远的投机性强的虚拟资本，虚拟资本的基本特性表现为投机性，虚拟资本运动具有独立性并从两个方面影响实际资本运动，从发展的角度讲，虚拟资本与社会总资本的关系更加密切。     

Fractions as the Coordination of Multiplicatively Related Quantities: A Cross-Sectional Study of Children's Thinking

Although equal sharing problems appear to support the development of fractions as multiplicative structures, very little work has examined how children's informal solutions reflect this possibility. The primary goal of this study was to analyze children's coordination of two quantities (number of people sharing and number of things being shared) in their solutions to equal sharing problems and to see to what extent this coordination was multiplicative. A secondary goal was to document children's solutions for equal sharing problems in which the quantities had a common factor (other than 1). Data consisted of problem-solving interviews with students in 1st, 3rd, 4th, and 5th grades (n=112). We found two major categories of strategies: (a) Parts Quantities strategies and (b) Ratio Quantities strategies. Parts quantities involved children's partitions of continuous units expressed in terms of the number of pieces that would be created. Ratio quantities involved children's creation of associated sets of discrete quantities. Within these strategies, children drew upon a range of relationships among fractions, ratio, multiplication, and division to mentally or physically manipulate quantities of sharers and things to produce exhaustive and equal partitions of the items. Additionally, we observed that problems that included number combinations with common factors elicited a wider range of whole-number knowledge and operations in children's strategies and therefore appeared to support richer interconnections than problems with relatively prime or more basic number combinations.     

英语专业四级考试的作文及审题策略

写作是体现语言能力的重要方面，它是英语专业四级考试（TEM-4）的必考题型之一。TEM-4的作文题形式有其较固定的结构，包括引语、标题和要求。它们相互关联，构成有机的整体。写作前审题时应该综合把握这三个方面，进行构思。审题时的疏漏会导致作文失败，写作成绩不理想。对于写作审题时容易出现的问题，师生双方都可以从多方面采取措施来避免。