以学习为中心:学习设计的结构与层次——以小学阶段为例

学习设计作为学习范式落地的抓手,成为范式转型之际教育领域关注的重点研究话题。文章首先分析了学习设计的本质是关注认识发生和学习要素,并以此为基础梳理已有文献发现,当前学习设计对学习关注不足;其次,以“五维学习设计”为理论基础,阐释了学习设计的结构关系;最后,以“发生认识论”为学理基础,以小学阶段为例阐释了1~3年级和4~6年级两学段学习设计的层次:“物”经历“具体形象型”学习空间到“形象—抽象型”学习空间的变化,“人”经历主动学习到自主学习的变化,“事”经历序列化学习场景到关联化学习场景的变化,“境”经历原生之境到派生之境的变化,“脉”经历具体知识到知识专题的变化。     

混合学习环境下的深度学习活动研究:设计、实施与评价的三重奏

在教育高质量发展理念的指引下,如何结合混合学习环境开展深度学习活动,目前有效的方法和路径尚不明确。研究依据并拓展尼尔森·莱尔德的深度学习理论,设计了契约性、高阶性、整合性和反思性四类学习活动,构建了“四阶三环”干预实施模型,并以“教育文献检索与分析”课程为例开展实证研究。结果表明:深度学习活动能够促进学科核心知识的掌握,有助于协作、沟通表达、学习毅力等关键学习能力的提升和思维结构的发展。但是,学生认为深度学习活动具有一定难度,负担较重,对各类活动的价值认知亦存在较大差异。最后,研究从判断标准、条件创设、成果产出和科学评价等方面提出了混合学习环境下有效开展深度学习活动的具体建议。     

智能学习分组:从通用模型到大数据框架

学习分组是协作学习活动设计的首要阶段。随着学习场所的快速变化、多模态交互过程复杂性的增加,采用传统的随机分组、教师指派或学生自我选择等方法进行协作学习分组的效率十分低下。研究提出基于智能技术构建自适应的协作学习小组。首先,阐述了学习分组的价值,即构建合理的协作学习环境、兼顾学生的个体差异和促进教育资源优质公平;其次,总结了影响智能学习分组的因素,包括个体属性、小组学术与物理构成以及学习者与环境的交互;最后,描述了经典场景下智能学习分组的通用模型,并讨论了大数据背景下智能学习分组的前景与挑战。针对大数据驱动智能学习分组的稳定性问题,基于机器学习中的集成学习思想构建了大数据共识分组框架。此框架有望为人工智能促进未来规模化的个性化教育提供支持。     

共享调节学习中的监控过程:理论模型与解释案例

在共享调节学习的序列中,监控的目的在于确定团队尚未实现的内容,引导团队在需要的时候调整任务理解、目标计划和参与行为。对监控的测量、观察或分析,首先需要明确监控活动的基本过程。研究从监控的发生条件、内容维度、调节类型等方面梳理已有研究,据此构建共享调节监控的过程模型,探索监控的内在机制和动态过程。以上海市闵行区高中信息科技教研组的一次教研活动为解释案例,分析了协作中的监控过程,初步验证了模型的适切性。研究表明:“监控的产生”“识别与分析”“反思与评估”“调节与适应”四个阶段是按顺序进行的;监控活动主要由团队面临的困难和挑战所引起,其中,支架干预具有重要作用;虽然识别与分析会在很大程度上引起反思与评估,但是也有一部分会直接导致调节与适应;即便是成熟的教师协作团体,仍然存在一定程度的不适应行为,需要外界的干预和支持。通过对监控序列的剖析,可以开发相应的监控促进策略、干预支架和支持工具,优化共享调节的内部机制。文中个案也体现了共享调节及其监控活动在教师协作活动中的应用效果,对改进教师教研具有重要的实践意义。     

面向群体智能塑造未来教育:一项重要研究课题

群体智能指群体在完成一系列不同任务时表现出的综合能力,是面向未来复杂情境中跨学科、综合型任务解决过程必不可少的关键要素。教育现代化进程中的群体智能教育是面向未来培养公民信息素养、合作能力、问题解决能力的重要载体和实现目标。文章基于当前研究领域中对群体智能基本概念的辨析和探索,从国际视野出发,剖析基于不同的技术手段对群体智能教育的探索和实践,提出教育信息化时代中国教育领域中进一步强化群体智能教育、推动"五育并举"、促进培养复合型人才的可行路径。     

An evolving Learning Management System for new educational environments using 2.0 tools

The tools used in learning processes are in a continuous state of flux. One of the most significant changes is the application of Information and Communications technologies (ICTs) to educational contexts. This provides new possible ways to carry out learning activities, new learning services, the possibility to use new kinds of contents and activities, etc. However, ICTs have not provided as many advantages as they were supposed to, so changes are necessary. In this context, a new set of tools, Web 2.0, offers a new way to understand the Web, in which the user is the centre. Further, users can cooperate in order to define contents. This concept is also applied in technology-mediated learning but there are important problems when one tries to integrate such tools and concepts with existing systems. This paper explores the integration of these tools in traditional learning environments, the various possibilities and their advantages and drawbacks. After that, an interoperability scenario is described and two experiences are presented to show how 2.0 tools can be integrated in learning activities, and its effect in educational process.     

Teaching Supply Chain Management Complexities: A SCOR Model Based Classroom Simulation

The SCOR (Supply Chain Operations Reference) Model Supply Chain Classroom Simulation is an in‐class experiential learning activity that helps students develop a holistic understanding of the processes and challenges of supply chain management. The simulation has broader learning objectives than other supply chain related activities such as the Beer Game. Competing supply chains work to produce and sell two products, each experiencing differential demand. Seasonal demand, time delays, quality defects, and disruptions offer complexities that are part of actual supply chain management. The behavioral dynamics of collaboration between various functional nodes is illustrated through students’ interactions as they try to achieve their role's objectives. Through their decisions and actions, students develop a practical understanding of the processes and complexities of supply chain management. The classroom simulation actively engages students, and has been used successfully in multiple courses at the undergraduate and graduate levels at multiple universities and by a major corporation during a manager training session. Assessments indicate that the simulation is an effective experiential learning activity. While it offers learning outcome flexibility, common debrief themes are SCOR model processes, supply chain relationships, information flow, seasonal demand, quality defects, reverse logistics, and supply chain disruptions.     

Learning Studios for Introductory Accounting

Although originally designed for science courses, learning studios have been introduced at over 100 college campuses in a variety of disciplines. Our study focuses on the differences between classrooms designed as lecture spaces versus classrooms designed as learning studios. The impetus is the growing number of learning studios and proponents’ claim of better collaboration and learning within them. Given the substantial cost of a learning studio and greater demand at the authors’ university than supply, we questioned whether the university administration should be encouraged to build more. Learning studios are classrooms in which the seating arrangement places the students in a face‐to‐face orientation with one another. Our study measures the differences between learning studios and traditional classrooms both quantitatively and qualitatively. The learning studio did not result in higher retention rates (the percentage of students completing the course during the semester) or significant differences in total points earned by students in a learning studio compared to a traditional classroom. When examined by gender, however, a significant difference in total points is apparent. For all students in the study, the ability to interact with other students as well as the instructor was greater in the learning studio.     

高级英语课中任务驱动与网络自主学习相结合的探索

结合高级英语的课程特点,笔者根据建构主义教学观构建了任务驱动与网络自主学习相结合的教学模式,探寻了一条高英课教学改革的新途径,以真正有效地改进该课程的教学质量。     

浅谈如何调动学生的学习兴趣,优化数学教学

作为数学老师,平生最大的愿望就是使每一个学生能轻松愉快地学好数学.经过多年的教学,我认为优化课堂教学是实现这一愿望的重要途径.而如何优化课堂教学,学生学习兴趣的调动起着至关重要的作用.