Australian teacher education: inside-out,outside-in,backwards and forwards?

Abstract

Teacher Education in Australia seems to be in a dynamic and constant cycle of review and change. Policy governing teacher education has also been eminently changeable and dynamic. To some extent this stems from three year terms for governments where a short term and expedient political view is taken. There has also been ongoing centre-periphery tension between the Commonwealth government and the State governments regarding regulation and accreditation of teacher education programmes with there now being regulatory bodies at both national (Australian Institute of Teaching and School Leadership – AITSL) and state levels. Despite all of this, teacher education is still the butt of ongoing criticism and investigation and is now more highly regulated than ever. Since teacher education occurs within a university context, with the exception of that which is offered through some private providers or some Technical and Further Education (TAFE) providers, it is also at the whim of government funding policies impacting universities generally.     

基于合作的教师专业发展模式——美国专业发展学校(PDS)合作模式探究

美国专业发展学校(PDS)是上个世纪80年代兴起的一种基于合作的、新型的教师教育模式,它以其独特的组织形式和良好的效果引起了人们的关注,现已成为美国教师教育改革的主流趋势．本文旨在对PDS的产生背景、基本合作模式及其存在的问题进行分析与探究,以期能为我国的教师专业发展学校以及教师教育改革提供一些启示和参考。     

Regarding uncertainty in teachers and teaching

The literature on teacher uncertainty suggests that it is a significant and perhaps inherent feature of teaching. Yet there is disagreement about the effects of these uncertainties on teachers as well as about the ways that teachers should regard them. Recognition of uncertainties can be viewed alternatively as a liability or an asset to effective teaching. Findings from the literature on uncertainties in teaching are summarized and analyzed, including explanations in the research about what accounts for and contributes to uncertainties. Recommendations for research and professional development are provided.     

英语教学中学生口语能力的培养

总结高职院校学生英语口语方面存在的问题和原因，具体论述英语教学中学生口语能力培养的关键问题及训练方法。提倡转变传统教学观念，帮助学生提高语言交际能力。     

教师教学生活研究引论

关注教师教学生活是改善教师生存状况的迫切需要,也是基础教育课程改革的必然要求,还是教师专业发展的内在逻辑。教师教学生活研究有着特定的内容和范畴,在研究过程中应遵循理论研究与实证研究相统一原则、主位研究与客位研究相结合原则、本土化原则、多样化原则。     

出版与传媒语言文字应用弊端及应对策略

文章在分析出版与新闻传播语言文字应用中不理解汉语某些词语的含义而导致误用、读错音、成语随意窜改等“硬伤”与大量使用套话、废话、语言模式化、中外文混杂、媚俗乃至黄色倾向等“软伤”的基础上,提出了若干应对策略。     

Teacher evaluation policy as perceived by school principals: the case of Flanders (Belgium)

In Flanders (Belgium), a new teacher evaluation policy was issued which placed a lot of autonomy with school principals to develop and implement a new teacher evaluation system. In this study, we explore how Flemish principals perceive the new teacher evaluation policy and what influences their perception. Results demonstrate that principals perceive the policy as clear, but they are rather negative about the need, practicality, and complexity of the summative teacher evaluation. This perception is influenced by policy, context, and individual factors as is demonstrated in our qualitative analyses.     

从教师看影响河南省高校体育课程改革实施的因素

通过对河南省高校体育教师的调查发现:体育教师的课程意识,教师对课程实施的态度,教师的知识、技能,教师的学生观,教师的科研水平是影响高校体育课程改革实施的因素.     

论交往动机对语言获得的影响

人类与动物本质的区别表现在语言方面.人类的语言是怎样获得的?语言的获得到底跟哪些因素息息相关?这些问题一直是教育和心理学界探讨的问题.本文从社会的角度出发,试探语言获得会受社会交往动机的影响.     

Parsimonious translation models for information retrieval

In the KL divergence framework, the extended language modeling approach has a critical problem of estimating a query model, which is the probabilistic model that encodes the user’s information need. For query expansion in initial retrieval, the translation model had been proposed to involve term co-occurrence statistics. However, the translation model was difficult to apply, because the term co-occurrence statistics must be constructed in the offline time. Especially in a large collection, constructing such a large matrix of term co-occurrences statistics prohibitively increases time and space complexity. In addition, reliable retrieval performance cannot be guaranteed because the translation model may comprise noisy non-topical terms in documents. To resolve these problems, this paper investigates an effective method to construct co-occurrence statistics and eliminate noisy terms by employing a parsimonious translation model. The parsimonious translation model is a compact version of a translation model that can reduce the number of terms containing non-zero probabilities by eliminating non-topical terms in documents. Through experimentation on seven different test collections, we show that the query model estimated from the parsimonious translation model significantly outperforms not only the baseline language modeling, but also the non-parsimonious models.