从“同一性自我”到“异质性他者”——谈教师学生观的跃迁

教师的学生观影响着师生间交往、沟通、理解的程度。列维纳斯的＂异质性他者＂伦理观反对＂自我的同一性＂,强调＂他者的异质性＂。教师需要摆脱＂自我同一性＂的学生观,关注作为＂异质性他者＂的学生,从而有利于教师更深层理解教育本质并重视自我反思。     

A systematic review characterizing and clarifying intrinsic teaching challenges linked to inquiry-based practical work

Since scientific literacy has become a key goal in science education, many people have argued in favor of the incorporation of inquiry in science education. However, scattered in the literature are extrinsic and intrinsic teaching challenges linked to the design and implementation of inquiry-based practical work (IBPW) in secondary school science classrooms. The purpose of this systematic literature review was to characterize and clarify the intrinsic challenges. From an instructional design perspective, the characterization of the challenges yielded four primary categories. The categories consist of initiation-phase challenges (such as unfavorable views regarding science and practical work), planning-phase challenges (including difficulties involved in designing IBPW), implementation-phase challenges (e.g., persuading learners to reflect on their experiences and findings), and summative evaluation-phase challenges which include concerns linked to the grading of practical inquiry. In the different categories, the challenges are linked to gaps in various aspects of teacher competencies especially in the context of the TPACK framework. The aspects include content knowledge (CK) (such as science content and scientific inquiry); in addition to technological knowledge (TK) linked to standard technologies. Also included is pedagogic CK (including orientation toward science teaching). Moreover, some of the intrinsic challenges are linked to gaps in skills (including pervasive classroom management and practical skills); in addition to values (such as commitment). These results have theory-, practice-, and research-based implications.     

Unpacking teachers’ intentions to integrate technology: A meta-analysis

The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) is a key model describing teachers' intentions to use technology. This meta-analysis clarifies some of the contradictory findings surrounding the relations within the TAM for a sample of 45 studies comprising 300 correlations. We evaluate the overall fit of the TAM and its structural parameters, and quantify the between-sample variation through meta-analytic structural equation modeling. The TAM fitted the data well, and all structural parameters were statistically significant. On average, the TAM variables explained 39.2% of the variance in teachers' intentions to use technology. Several sample, measurement, and publication characteristics, including teachers’ experience and the representation of the TAM variables, moderated the relations within the TAM. Overall, the TAM represents a valid model explaining technology acceptance—however, the degree of explanation and the relative importance of predictors vary across samples. Implications for further research, in particular the generalizability of the TAM, are discussed.     

Selecting teachers and prospective teachers: A meta-analysis

The purpose of this review article was to examine the methods used for the selection of teachers for employment and prospective teachers entering initial teacher education (ITE) programs, and to assess the predictive validity of these methods. We reviewed 32 studies reporting selection methods administered in high-stakes conditions and that included an external (not self-reported) teacher effectiveness outcome measure. The overall effect size was small but significant (r = 0.12, p < .001). Moderator analyses showed that academic and non-academic predictors were both significantly associated with teacher effectiveness measures and that effect sizes were small (but significant) for selection into employment and ITE. We conclude the review by proposing a research agenda that has the potential to enhance educational outcomes by improving the selection of prospective teachers.     

论新手教师和专家教师的合作对新手教师专业成长的影响机制

新手教师和专家教师的合作是一种推动新手教师专业化成长的有效途径,合作因为类型、性质、层次的不同而形成不同的运行机制,相应地会对新手教师的专业成长产生不同的影响。完善学校管理制度、构建教师合作的文化氛围、优化教师合作过程、培养教师的合作素养,是实现新手教师和专家教师高层次、规范合作以促进新教师专业成长的有效策略。     

影响高职院校学生关键能力的因素和培养策略

影响学生关键能力形成的因素包括课程设置、教学模式、实习实训、学生能力等。高职院校应采用提高双师型教师素质、分级设置课程模块、聘用兼职教师、校企合作工学结合、教学方法以能力为主导等策略来培养学生的关键能力。     

新课程背景下农村教师合作文化的建构研究

教师文化是影响教师观念以及教学行为的隐性因素,合作文化是教师专业发展的理想氛围。保持人为合作与自然合作间的合适张力,营造和谐互助的合作氛围;依托农远工程资源开展网络教研,构建区域性合作组织,可以克服农村地区经济与地理等客观条件限制以及以保守性为基本特征的农村传统文化的影响,培育持续推动农村教师专业发展的合作文化。     

美国教师资格证书制度分析及其启示

提高教师素质、促进教师专业发展,是教师教育发展的重要目标。教师资格证书制度是教师教育体系的重要组成部分,反映出一个国家对教师职业的基本要求。美国的教师教育体系较为健全,教师资格证书制度比较完善,其成功经验值得我们学习和借鉴。     

对我校学报总下载频次和总被引频次的分析——我刊2007年至2009年总被引频次和总下载频次统计分析

利用中国知网个刊影响力统计分析数据库的统计资料,对我校学报2007年至2009年各学科专题的总被引频次和总下载频次进行统计分析,查找我校学报的总下载频次和总被引频次不高,且学科专题之间差距较大的原因,并提出改进措施。     

Is teacher attrition a poor estimate of the value of teacher education? A Swedish case

Far from all who complete teacher education end up working as teachers throughout their entire career. At first sight the value of teacher education, in terms of efficiency, seems to be a failure. In the present article we argue that teacher attrition, when defined as whether one is working as teacher or not, is a too blunt measure to gauge whether teacher education has been valuable. With a unique dataset, where we have detailed information on 87 Swedish teacher graduates’ working life across 23 years, we can consider whether activities and/or experiences point to an apparent use of teacher education. In conclusion, we find that in order to get informative estimates of its value it is important to consider it from different perspectives and to consider attrition related to the total working time spent in educational settings across a career rather than percentage leaving teaching after a set of years