理解监测及其准确性

理解监测是元理解的重要组成，是学习者对自身理解状态进行判断的过程，受到研究者的广泛关注。已有研究对理解监测的产生机制、准确性及其提高策略进行了探讨。从社会文化和文本阅读加工角度继续深入探索是今后研究的主要方向。     

Judgment‐Based Scoring by Teachers as Professional Development: Distinguishing Promises from Proof

The engagement of teachers as raters to score constructed response items on assessments of student learning is widely claimed to be a valuable vehicle for professional development. This paper examines the evidence behind those claims from several sources, including research and reports over the past two decades, information from a dozen state educational agencies regarding past and ongoing involvement of teachers in scoring‐related activities as of 2001, and interviews with educators who served a decade or more ago for one state's innovative performance assessment program. That evidence reveals that the impact of scoring experience on teachers is more provisional and nuanced than has been suggested. The author identifies possible issues and implications associated with attempts to distill meaningful skills and knowledge from hand‐scoring training and practice, along with other forms of teacher involvement in assessment development and implementation. The paper concludes with a series of research questions that—based on current and proposed practice for the coming decade—seem to the author to require the most immediate attention.     

略论运动生物力学的研究方法与测量技术

文章认为:1,仅依靠牛顿分析力学的研究方法,运动生物力学只能停留在“研究人体机械运动规律”的水平,“走出系统”的研究方法适合于对活体系统的生物力学研究;2,“理论模型”需数据支持才具有应用价值,“数据模型”需相应的数学化才具有理论意义;3,活体运动过程的测量应建立参数采集与测量的标准化和参数分析与评价的专家系统;4,应界定常规参数和敏感参数,并区别参数间的平行关系和因果关系,测量精度的提高主要应依靠测量参数数字化过程的分析方法的进步。     

对会计职业判断的理性思考

随着社会经济的发展，企业所处经济环境越来越复杂，企业经济事项的不确定性日趋增多，会计职业判断将会得到越来越广泛地应用。我国会计职工判断还存在着许多不尽人意之处，必须加强会计教育，提高会计人员职业判断力。     

体操运动员前臂运动特征及其发展特点的研究

采用直观半圆仪,对我国441名体操运动员和563名青少年儿童的前臂屈伸复制运动误差值作了测定和比较分析等研究,结果发现,就这个非专业性的和极为普通的动作——前臂屈伸运动的准确性来讲,在运动等级不同的体操运动员之间以及体操运动员与同年龄的普通人之间,都存在明显的差别。而且,这种运动准确性较高者,学习基本体操动作的成效优于准确性较低者。这种运动的准确性在7～11岁期间提高最快,12～22岁时呈波浪式的发展状态;在体操运动训练的作用下,这种运动的准确性,在9～13岁加速提高,而且,随后的波浪式变化明显减小。     

略论我国著作权合理使用制度的不足与完善

合理使用制度是著作权法中的核心问题之一，在作者、作品传播者、社会公众之间起着重要的利益调整和平衡作用。对于“合理”的界定，是合理使用制度的关键所在。我国著作权法对合理使用制度的规定虽已与国际社会接轨，但仍存在主体界定不清、具体使用方式不明确等若干不足，在实践中不利于维护著作权人的合法利益，应进行相应的修改和完善，以期更好地发挥该制度的作用。     

情绪和竞技排球运动中的判断与决策

从研究运动主体的情绪视角出发,从情绪反应的心理学成分研究入手,阐明情绪和个体判断决策的关系,进而从系统决策角度对竞技排球中运动员的个体判断与决策的重要意义。对情绪、个体判断与决策对竞技排球运动中运动员处理各类性质球的效果影响作借鉴式分析,强调情绪对新时期竞技排球运动发展的重要作用的同时,建设性提出竞技排球运动员赛前、赛中以及赛后情绪调节研究系统化策略。     

Effects of emotional exemplars in responsibility attribution-framed news reports on perception and evaluations of social issues

This study investigated the separate and combined effects of emotion-laded exemplars and responsibility frames on readers' perceptions and evaluations. Two hundred and sixty-nine students participated in an experiment involving a news story that dealt with the social issue of homelessness in South Korea. Six versions of a news story differed in emotion-laden exemplars with textual information (anger-evoking, sympathy-evoking) and responsibility news frames (attribution of responsibility to society, attribution of responsibility to individual, and no frame). This study found that, compared to the responsibility frames, emotion-laden exemplars significantly affected readers' moral evaluations toward the target individuals and their perceptions of the social issue's severity. The results also indicated that the anger-evoking exemplars influenced readers to attribute responsibility of a problem more to the target individuals than the societal system. In contrast, the sympathy-evoking exemplars prompted greater attribution to the societal system than the target individuals. The likelihood of a reader supporting related governmental aid policy was influenced by both emotional exemplars and responsibility news frames. Implications for further research are discussed.     

Lifesource XL-18 pedometer for measuring steps under controlled and free-living conditions

The primary aim was to examine the criterion and construct validity and test–retest reliability of the Lifesource XL-18 pedometer (A&D Medical, Toronto, ON, Canada) for measuring steps under controlled and free-living activities. The influence of body mass index, waist size and walking speed on the criterion validity of XL-18 was also explored. Forty adults (35–74 years) performed a 6-min walk test in the controlled condition, and the criterion validity of XL-18 was assessed by comparing it to steps counted manually. Thirty-five adults participated in the free-living condition and the construct validity of XL-18 was assessed by comparing it to Yamax SW-200 (YAMAX Health & Sports, Inc., San Antonio, TX, USA). During the controlled condition, XL-18 did not significantly differ from criterion (P > 0.05) and no systematic error was found using Bland–Altman analysis. The accuracy of XL-18 decreased with slower walking speed (P = 0.001). During the free-living condition, Bland–Altman analysis revealed that XL-18 overestimated daily steps by 327 ± 118 than Yamax (P = 0.004). However, the absolute percent error (APE) (6.5 ± 0.58%) was still within an acceptable range. XL-18 did not differ statistically between pant pockets. XL-18 is suitable for measuring steps in controlled and free-living conditions. However, caution may be required when interpreting the steps recorded under slower speeds and free-living conditions.     

层次分析法在地方高校设备资源配置中的应用

运用层次分析法对影响地方高校设备资源配置的因素进行了分析,并得出不同因素在设备资源配置中所占比例,为科学合理的配置设备资源提供了参考依据。