我国城市社区体育公共服务质量提升路径研究--基于社区体育场（馆）设施建设与管理视角

社区体育场（馆）设施作为城市社区体育公共服务供给的核心要素,其建设与管理水平直接影响到我国城市社区体育公共服务的质量。采用文献资料研究、专家访谈法和实地考察等研究方法,从社区体育场（馆）设施建设与管理资金投入的三维一体化模式创新;体育场（馆）设施空间结构布局的科学规划;体育场（馆）设施质量维护与安全管理的常效化机制建设等方面,分析论述了我国城市社区体育公共服务质量提升的路径。以期为完善城市社区体育公共服务体系及提高社区公众满意度提供有益参考。     

中外男子篮球组织后卫传球技术运用对比分析

运用录像观察法、数理统计法等,对伦敦奥运会的中外男篮主力组织后卫的传球技术运用进行比较分析。结果显示:中国组织后卫在传球方式上运用的次数与国外组织后卫有明显的差距;在传球状态上,移动传球次数和跳起传球次数上均落后于国外组织后卫,两者有一定的差距;在传球路线上,直线传球次数落后于国外组织后卫,两者存在较大差距;中国组织后卫在解围性传球次数、攻击性传球次数和助攻次数上均落后于国外组织后卫,但中国组织后卫传球失误较少。     

Swedish PE teachers’ understandings of legitimate movement in a criterion-referenced grading system

Background: Physical Education (PE) has been associated with a multi-activity model in which movement is related to sport discourses and sport techniques. However, as in many international contexts, the Swedish national PE syllabus calls for a wider and more inclusive concept of movement. Complex movement adapted to different settings is valued, and in the national grading criteria qualitative measures of movement are used. This research seeks to examine how the wider concept of movement is interpreted and graded. Drawing on Bernstein’s concept of the pedagogic device, the paper explores teachers’ roles as active mediators in the transformation of national grading criteria for movement and the kinds of movement that are valued in teachers’ grading practices. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate what PE teachers consider legitimate movement in a criterion-referenced grading system and the factors that influence their grading practice. The Repertory Grid (RG) technique was employed in order to access their tacit knowledge. Methodology: Seven Swedish PE teachers were interviewed, all of whom teach and grade years seven to nine in different compulsory schools. Using the RG technique, the teachers were asked to reflect on the aspects they considered important for achieving a high grade. The national grading criteria for years seven to nine were then presented one at a time and the teachers were asked to describe how they assessed and graded each requirement. The teachers were also asked whether any specific factors had influenced their grading. In the content analysis, the second part of the interview was attended to first and the results were interpreted in light of Bernsteins’ concept of the pedagogic device. Findings: Sport techniques and competitive sports influenced the teachers’ interpretations of what constitutes complex movement. The aspect of fitness also appeared to be valued by the teachers in that it facilitates the valued movement. In some cases the difficulty of describing movement qualities in words could reduce the concept of movement to something measurable and quantifiable. The teachers’ concerns about students’ unequal opportunities to develop and demonstrate their skills also influenced the teachers’ interpretation of complex movement. Conclusions: In the transformation of national grading criteria to grading practice, the pedagogic actions taken inform and limit the way in which legitimate movement in PE is conceptualised. Adopting a concept of movement that is wider than competitive sports allows the structures of inequality to be addressed and enables the movements performed by students with other moving experiences than competitive sports to be valued. The tension between the demands of transparency in a high stakes grading system and the inability to articulate the quality of complex movements is problematic. There is a need to verbalise teachers’ conceptions about physical education knowledge to be able to discuss and develop the concept of movement. In this process, the RG technique is a potentially useful tool. Having the language to discuss movement qualities also enables us to strengthen the interrelation between curriculum, pedagogy and assessment.     

普通高校青年教师体质健康状况的调查研究

研究目的:调查普通高校青年教师的身体素质现状及存在的问题。研究方法:选取某普通高校2013年人才引进的47名教师为研究对象,进行测试。研究结果和结论:对比全国国民体质测试中的青年人群测试标准,得出青年教师身体素质存在的现状。依据测试结果,暴露出青年教师存在超重或肥胖的健康问题,心血管系统功能存在病变的疾病风险问题以及柔韧性和平衡性不好、力量弱等体质弱问题。     

对第51届世界乒乓球锦标赛男单决赛王皓的技战术分析

运用录像观察法、数理统计法等研究方法,对王皓在第51届世界乒乓球锦标赛男单决赛中的技战术进行统计与分析,结果表明:王皓在发球抢攻段和接发球抢攻段的得分率偏低是造成本次比赛失利的主要原因。     

西部农村中小学阳光体育运动可持续发展的经费保障

采用问卷调查、访谈、数理统计等研究方法,对西部农村中小学开展阳光体育运动的经费现状进行实地调研。结果显示:《国家学生体质健康标准》测试器材的后续维护经费缺乏;学校公用经费紧张,体育设施及器材经费投入不足;学校公用体育经费被挤占,且随意性较大。从阳光体育运动可持续发展的视角提出:设立专项经费,扩大"阳光体育运动器材支持项目"范围及受益面;西部农村中小学阳光体育运动可持续发展的经费保障内容等。     

打造体育强国和实施全民健身战略目标的理论思考

伴随着我国从体育大国向体育强国的演进,全民健身已经成为提高全民族素质、实现人的全面发展的必由之路。建设体育强国要求规避片面强调竞技体育的发展路径,促进竞技体育和群众体育的有机协调发展。新生代农民工、企事业职工、农民以及社区居民的身体健康程度、健身意识和体育场馆的建设已成为构建体育强国的重要内容。本论文从上述四个层面入手,考察其体育发展现状、阐明各自群体健身现状与发展体育强国的辩证关系,深入探讨体育强国和全民健身的有机联系。     

《国家学生体质健康标准》评价效能的反思与优化——大学生体质健康预警机制的构建

体质健康预警针对体质健康等级评定存在的信息缺失、学生体质健康发展的非均衡性、学生对体质健康评价结果不够重视等问题,以体质健康测试数据分析与健康预测为基础而建立的预警警示分析系统.通过对体质健康弱化状态进行分析、监控并发出预警.通过对个体体质健康信息的具体预警,促进学生对体质健康的关注,促进学生从心理上产生健康危机意识,从而产生改善体质健康的紧迫感和危机感,促进主动进行锻炼的自我健康管理.     

从2010年世界女排大奖赛单项技术统计分析中国女排的优势与差距

采用录像观察法、数理统计法、文献资料法、比较分析法,对2010年世界女排大奖赛总决赛中国队的比赛录像进行各项技术数据统计分析研究,结果表明：中国女排一传不稳,功力不扎实,网上实力薄弱,是本次世界女排大奖赛中中国女排失利的主要原因。     

运动员高原训练返回平原训练血象指标的变化观察

探讨运动员高原训练之后返回平原训练的血象指标变化规律。方法:取10名广西自由式摔跤男子运动员高原训练之后返回平原训练的不同时段(第3、14、28、35天),分别测试红细胞计数(RBC)、血红蛋白(HB)、红细胞压积(HCT)、白细胞(WBC)及分类、血小板(PLT)等18项血象指标。结果:RBC、HB、HCT在不同时段出现不同的变化,其中第3天至14天是逐渐下降的过程,14天形成一个低谷,28天回升到高峰,第35天又呈下降趋势,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。WBC及分类、血小板等指标也有一定的规律性变化,但无统计学意义。结论:运动员高原训练之后返回平原训练的不同时间血象指标的变化有一定规律性,对评定高原训练的效果及运动员机能状态和体能的恢复情况的准确判断有着重要意义。