农村职业学校教师压力问题探析

本文描述了农村职业学校教师在经济待遇、社会地位、工作负荷、岗位作为以及人际关系等方面存在的压力, 并就压力存在的原因,缓解压力的策略从社会、政府、学校和教师本身等方面进行了分析与思考。     

Separated and integrated perspectives on environmental,economic, and social dimensions – an investigation of student views on sustainable development

The sustainable development (SD) concept is based on the idea that economic and social development should be linked to the environment. However, controversies about various associated issues often arise due to the differences in protagonists’ viewpoints, depending partly on whether they focus mainly on environmental, economic, or social dimensions and partly on ideological stances related (for instance) to the optimal ways of promoting economic growth and social justice. This study investigates views of 638 Swedish upper secondary students who responded to a questionnaire probing their views of SD from two perspectives. In the first, the dimensions were separately introduced, so the respondents only had to consider one dimension at a time. In the second, the dimensions were introduced in an integrated fashion, so the respondents had to consider effects related to all three dimensions. The results strongly indicate that the students’ views and priorities concerning the dimensions depend on both the perspective and the context. Implications for teaching and learning are discussed.     

从《岐海琐谈》看温州民间信仰

明代温州人姜准撰写的《岐海琐谈》,记载了大量宋元明时期的温州民间信仰资料,其内容涵盖神灵信仰、鬼怪信仰和巫卜类信仰三类,是研究温州地区民间信仰的重要文献。时过境迁,但《岐海琐谈》中所记载的许多民间信仰依然广泛存在于现代化的温州社会中,传统的民间信仰发挥着现代化社会所必需的某些社会功能,传统民间信仰的衰萎也将是一个相当长的历史过程。     

Teacher and school characteristics and their influence on curriculum implementation

Reform‐based curriculum materials have been suggested as a mechanism to make inquiry‐based instruction more prevalent in secondary science classrooms, specifically when accompanied by comprehensive professional development (Loucks‐Horsley, Hewson, Love, & Stiles, 1998 ; Powell & Anderson, 2002 ). This research examines the implementation of a reform‐based high school chemistry curriculum in a large, urban school district. We explicitly consider the role of the teachers' knowledge and beliefs in their implementation of the reform‐based chemistry curriculum, as well as school level factors. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected in the form of beliefs interviews and classroom observations from 27 high school chemistry teachers. Analysis of the data revealed that implementation of the curriculum was strongly influenced by the teachers' beliefs about teaching and learning, and the presence of a supportive network at their school sites. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 44: 883–907, 2007     

Maintaining teachers’ face in the context of change: results from a study of Vietnamese college lecturers’ perceptions of face

Gaining and saving face are very important in Vietnam as a mechanism of social control, including the professional behaviour of teachers. Interviews with 15 lecturers (aged 24–37) at a teacher training college in a Central Coast province of Vietnam illustrated the relationship between their concepts of face and their beliefs about good teaching. Most were still strongly influenced by traditional Confucian beliefs about the role and position of teachers, the nature of teachers’ knowledge and the relationship between teachers and students. On the other hand, some teachers also were aware of, and to a limited extent open to, more modern ideas that seemed to be related to broad social changes and reforms in approaches to teaching and learning in recent decades in Vietnam. The findings suggest that some teacher educators are uncertain about the value of traditional professional wisdom in the context of critical changes in society and in education. The research also suggests that the concepts of face and saving face are important for teachers’ sense of agency, and that Vietnamese educational authorities could increase the effectiveness of innovations in teacher education by paying attention to the influence of concepts of face on the teachers’ beliefs and behaviours.     

Challenging from the margins into the mainstream—improving renal services in a collaborative and entrepreneurial spirit

Can the development, both clinical and managerial, of practitioners involved in healthcare be enriched by connecting action learning principles and practice with research on ‘tempered radicals’? Might such connection also assist the efforts of patients and their advocates to create more holistic approaches to patient care? This paper explores these questions with reference to a UK Department of Health project to improve renal services. The prime focus is the experience of a set of set advisers who ‘held the ring’ on the project, supporting the work of the sets and attempting to make sense of the emerging learning.     

教师实践性知识研究历程与前瞻

自20世纪80年代以来,教师实践性知识研究已经有近30年的历程,可分为萌芽期、成长期和发展期三个阶段。研究内容主要涉及教师实践性知识的定义、特征、构成、表征方式以及获得与产生等方面。从研究内容、研究方法和研究对象上看,其研究还存在一些需要注意和改进的问题。未来应有的研究方向与重点是继承与发扬本土研究优势、持续跟踪引进与借鉴国外相关研究成果;运用科学化与综合化的研究方法;加强教师实践性知识理论基础、基本理论和创生机制等三个取向的研究。     

高校非教师系列基层工作人员职业倦怠审视与分析

高校非教师系列基层工作人员的职业倦怠现象已日益突出。职业的社会认同感低、工作压力大、发展空间小、校内管理体制与评价体系等都是造成职业倦怠的原因,建议从强化职业认同感、满足个体的基本需要及个人努力等方面对进行心理调适。     

加强和创新社会管理对策探讨

社会管理是中国特色社会主义事业总体布局的重要组成部分。加强和创新社会管理,必须坚持走群众路线,以群众工作为核心;加快发展社会事业,着力保障和改善民生;切实加强基层服务管理,进一步夯实社会管理基础;积极培育壮大社会组织,不断提升服务社会的能力;创新社会服务管理,确保社会安定有序和谐;加强社会公共安全体系建设,切实提高预警防控能力;大力加强思想道德建设,合力建设共同的精神家园;进一步深化体制改革,切实增强社会管理的统筹协调能力。     

西安古都史当在5000年以上——西安作为黄帝“铸铜（鼎）地”和“都邑”新探

《史记》中的＂黄帝史观＂,在血缘、文化、＂治统＂和＂关中文明一元论＂四层含义上,把黄帝视为中华民族的唯一共同祖先,对维护中国统一和民族凝聚力曾具积极意义,但在科学上也有偏误。它关于＂黄帝铸铜鼎于荆山＂的记载,虽被镶嵌在黄帝史观背景上未可全信,但荆山作为黄帝＂铸铜地＂,却被考古所证实。《史记》在汉武帝＂为鼎而狂＂时,根据民间传说写下的这一笔,也是记录黄帝在西安荆山铸铜事件的信史。从《史记》其它记载看,作为黄帝＂铸铜地＂的西安,其实就是黄帝＂都邑＂,西安的古都城史应被提前至黄帝时期,当在5000年以上。