Assessment of Adoption Gaps in Management of Aflatoxin Contamination of Groundnut (Arachis Hypogaea L.)

Abstract

One of the major impediments for diversification of groundnut (Arachis Hypogaea L.) as food crop is aflatoxin contamination. The study was conducted with an objective to assess the adoption gaps in aflatoxin management practices of groundnut (AMPG) and the farmer's characteristics influencing these gaps. The study used an expost-facto research design and multi-stage random sampling. The data were collected from 180 respondents through interview schedule. For measuring adoption gap, knowledge of AMPG and perception of groundnut quality suitable scales were developed. The data were subjected to multiple regression analysis to know the characteristics, which influenced the adoption gaps in AMPG. The majority of farmers were in high adoption gap category, as most of the farmers had not adopted the harvest and post-harvest management practices. Farmers' characteristics such as knowledge, market orientation and innovativeness influenced the adoption gap significantly. These three variables put together explained 58% of variation in adoption gap. Based on the results, it is suggested to formulate strategies to increase the knowledge of farmers through various extension approaches. If the knowledge on AMPG is improved the adoption gaps can be reduced. The maiden research effort, shed light on the socio-economic dimensions of aflatoxin contamination and constraints for aflatoxin management at farmers' level. The study has significance for the policy makers, extension departments and groundnut farmers for production of quality groundnut.     

美国工程类本科教学模式浅议——以内布拉斯加一林肯大学为例

以美国内布拉斯加一林肯大学为例,从课程设置、课堂环节、课程的考核方式、学生对教学环节的参与、助课在教学环节中的广泛应用五方面入手,结合其培养方案,侧重分析美国高校本科教育与我国本科高等教育的不同之处,对前者的本科教学模式与环节进行了较为全面的总结和分析,对我国高校本科教学改革具有一定的参考价值。     

改进的传输层非对称加密方案设计

合作方协同设计的PDM项目中,采用Web Services模式下分布式数据系统,在进行数据传输时,既要符合系统安全性,又要满足系统易用性、效率等非功能需求,对数据传输层在传统的非对称加密方案上重新进行设计,加入了自定义的算法,设计了一种改进了的传输层非对称加密方案。     

中高职课程体系衔接研究

中高职教育衔接在国家职业教育体系中的地位日益提高,课程体系衔接是中高职教育衔接关键环节;调查研究发现,中高职课程体系衔接中存在课程设置不当、教学内容重复等问题;其原因主要是,人才培养目标定位模糊、生源素质和师资力量等存在问题;为此,研究提出,重在改善师资队伍等建议,以顺利推进中高职课程体系有效衔接。     

Construction scheme comparison with comprehensive evaluation of independent perspectives

Considering both the characteristics of construction scheme evaluation and the lack of consideration of index proportionality after introducing comprehensive evaluation of independent perspectives into construction scheme evaluation, a construction scheme evaluation model of independent perspectives was put forward through the study and optimization of comprehensive evaluation of independent perspectives. The feasibility and rationality of the optimized method were illustrated through a case study and the evaluation results were compared between the optimized method and non-optimized method. The ootimized method has the nractical value in construction scheme comparison.     

“新农合”运行过程中村民思想状况的研究

为了使国家的惠农政策执行好,惠农措施进一步实践好,进一步完善新农合机制并使其呈良性可持续发展,本文对部分村民进行访谈调查,了解到村民对"参合"心存顾虑并分析其原因,进而从加强对定点医疗机构的监督、加强对新农合管理机构的监督、建立补偿机制、进行医疗资源整合减轻的群众负担以及加强对"新农合"制度的宣传学习这五个方面来推进新农合,达到提高村民对"新农合"思想认识的目的。     

电气工程实验教学示范中心改革思路及方案

"中心"结合电气工程领域高素质应用型人才培养定位,遵循"科学主导工程"的教育理念,在实践教学中突出工程的中心地位,强化"工程-理论-实践-工程"的实验教学理念,确立了"突出一个目标、建设一支队伍、构建两个平台、服务二维面向、覆盖五个层次、坚持六个结合"的建设思路,以"一实两创"特色人才培养为目标,积极推进实验实践教学管理、内容、方法、手段的改革,探索了"全程设计、平台支撑"的理论教学与实践教学相结合的新模式,着力培养具有突出实践能力、创新意识和创业精神的高素质应用型人才。     

奉节县滨江大道变形体的分析与整治

对奉节县滨江大道变形体的成因进行了分析,设计了整治方案.     

Fractional order sliding mode control of a pneumatic position servo system

Gas flow has fractional order dynamics; therefore, it is reasonable to assume that the pneumatic systems with a proportional valve to regulate gas flow have fractional order dynamics as well. There is a hypothesis that the fractional order control has better control performance for this inherent fractional order system, although the model used for fractional controller design is integer order. To test this hypothesis, a fractional order sliding mode controller is proposed to control the pneumatic position servo system, which is based on the exponential reaching law. In this method, the fractional order derivative is introduced into the sliding mode surface. The stability of the controller is proven using Lyapunov theorem. Since the pressure sensor is not required, the control system configuration is simple and inexpensive. The experimental results presented indicate the proposed method has better control performance than the fractional order proportional integral derivative (FPID) controller and some conventional integral order control methods. Points to be noticed here are that the fractional order sliding mode control is superior to the integral order sliding mode counterpart, and the FPID is superior to the corresponding integral order PID, both with optimal parameters. Among all the methods compared, the proposed method achieves the highest tracking accuracy. Moreover, the proposed controller has less chattering in the manipulated variable, the energy consumption of the controller is therefore substantially reduced.     

Delineating policy mixes: Contrasting top-down and bottom-up approaches to the case of energy-storage policy in California

In the light of pressing societal challenges such as climate change and resource scarcity, scholars are increasingly interested in studying policy mixes in the context of sustainability transitions. However, despite numerous conceptual advances and empirical insights, researchers still lack universal criteria or accepted heuristics for delineating policy mixes in these complex policy spaces. We address this gap by conducting an extensive review of the literature, synthesizing best practices, and developing an analytical framework that provides researchers with two archetypical methodological approaches. The top-down approach builds on the idea that the elements of a policy mix originate from an overarching strategic intent. By contrast, the bottom-up approach starts from the definition of a focal impact domain that is affected by a range of policy instruments. For each approach, we outline a systematic analytical procedure, then implement it to scrutinize how policy affects the emerging technological domain of energy storage in California. We find that each approach has particular advantages that render it useful for certain policy mix analyses. Discussing how researchers may choose between the two approaches or leverage their complementarities, we seek to provide the basis for a consistent research program building on the policy mix framework.