Dialectics of design: how ideas of ‘good design’ change

This paper advances a first‐pass theory of change in the styling of objects of domestic utility. It is based on the idea that the expressive potential of design for the maker, the user and the designer exists in tension with other desirable properties of the designed artefact. Respectively these are mass availability, conformity to professionally‐defined ideas of good taste, and the demands of function and marketability. The theory is illustrated by reference to the emergence and subsequent dilution of three design movements; Arts and Crafts, Art Nouveau and certain versions of Modernism.     

新建本科院校科技服务社会的方式与创新策略——以池州学院为例

新建本科高校科技服务地方经济社会发展是其重要职能,服务方式主要有合作建立研究平台,联合申报科研项目,联合科技攻关,科技成果转化,科技特派员指导,区域文化研究与传播,区域决策咨询,科学普及等方式。     

我国普通高校本科社会体育专业方向设计及其课程设置的研究

运用文献资料、问卷调查、专家访谈等方法,对我国68所普通高校本科社会体育专业设置的现状进行分析,提出了目前社会体育专业应依据社会发展及人才市场的需求,细化专业方向,更新培养目标,优化课程设置,以适应我国社会进步对体育人才的新需求.     

《孙子》战术思想在竞技体育中运用的整体思路

孙子战术思想在体育竞技领域具有重要的应用价值。惟有从整体上理解孙子的战术思想体系,才能真正领悟其精髓,把握其在竞技体育中运用的整体思路:立足先胜,活化攻守;因形造势,正合奇胜;避实击虚,示形动敌;致人而不致于人。     

热、质非经典传递过程的“瞬态薄层”模型

提出了超常热、质传递过程的“瞬态薄层”模型——在超常热、质传递条件下,紧靠介质内受热或质扰动的位置,存在一“薄层”区域,该薄层内的热传导或质量传递必须考虑非经典 (非傅立叶或非费克 )传递效应,在薄层外、介质内其他部分的热、质传递仍近似符合经典热、质传递定律 (傅立叶和费克定律 ) ;“瞬态薄层”内的非经典传递效应只可能在热、质扰动过后的极短瞬时存在。在分析介质内的非傅立叶导热行为的同时,根据热、质传递的可类比性得到非经典质量传递“瞬态薄层”的厚度与质松驰时间、质扩散系数以及质量扰动的强度和瞬时性强弱的定性相关关系。     

Battles for technological dominance: an integrative framework

This paper proposes an integrative framework for understanding the process by which a technology achieves dominance when “battling” against other technological designs. We focus on describing the different stages of a dominance battle and propose five battle milestones that in turn define five key phases in the process. We review the literature from several disciplines to identify the key firm- and environment-level factors that affect the outcome of a technology battle and posit that the relative importance of each factor will vary depending on the phase considered. Our framework complements and extends existing literature and has implications both for theory and for management practice.     

Is the Internet a US invention?—an economic and technological history of computer networking

Although the inventions embodied in the Internet originated in a diverse set of industrial economies, the US was consistently the source of critical innovations and an early adopter of new applications. Why did other nations, including several that made important inventive contributions to the Internet, not play a larger role in its development, particularly in the creation of new business organizations, governance institutions, and applications? We argue that the role of the US “national innovation system” in the creation of the Internet echoes several key themes of US technological development before 1940. The presence of a large domestic market, a set of antitrust and regulatory policies that weakened the power of incumbent telecommunications firms, and a diverse private/public research community that was willing to work with both domestic and foreign inventions were important preconditions for US leadership in computer networking innovation.     

The discrete charm of the bourgeoisie: quantum and continuous perspectives on innovation and growth

This paper discusses the relative merits of discrete versus continuous perspectives on innovation, technical change, and economic growth. It discusses the innovation time series literature in some detail to extract the continuous and clustering properties of the historical record on innovation. It then proposes a mosaic/avalanche model based on percolation theory and self-organized criticality to address this question.     

我国技术市场发展存在的问题及对策

本文分析了我国技术市场发展的历程、现状以及存在的问题，并针对这些问题提出了一些对策。     

Technological agglomeration and the emergence of clusters and networks in nanotechnology

Research and development at the nanoscale requires a large degree of integration, from convergence of research disciplines in new fields of enquiry to new linkages between start-ups, regional actors and research facilities. Based on the analysis of two clusters in nanotechnologies (MESA+ (Twente) and other centres in The Netherlands and Minatec in Grenoble in France), the paper discusses the phenomenon of technological agglomeration: co-located scientific and technological fields associated to coordinated technology platforms to some extent actively shaped by institutional entrepreneurs. Such co-location and coordination are probably a pre-requisite for the emergence of strong nanoclusters.