Citizens as planners: Harnessing information and values from the bottom-up

In this paper, we focus on understanding the critical role of everyday citizen in planning and policy-related issues in their city enabled by the newly emerging technological platforms such as mobile-based application and internet-based participatory platforms. The interest and capability of citizens to use and benefit from such online platforms that facilitate urban planning has grown in recent times, which makes it important to study the nature of these platforms and civic engagement that is facilitated through them. We study three such platforms and provide policy recommendations to urban planners based on our analyses of the platforms.     

网络环境下图书馆信息资源的开发措施

网络环境下图书馆应采取多种行之有效的开发措施，即增强开发观念、优化开发环境、积聚开发实力、明确开发对象、深化开发程序、拓展开发领域、活化开发方式、重视开发协作、培训开发人员、开展开发研究等，来加大图书馆信息资源开发的力度，为社会主义建设服务。     

国外农业技术创新体系建设的经验及对我国的启示

本文从组织构成和运行机制的角度,分析了国外农业技术创新体系的突出特点以及建设经验,对当前我国农业技术创新体系的建设提出了建议。     

近红外光谱分析技术在肥料成分分析中的应用及前景

近红外光谱是一种快速、无损、可实现多组分同时测定的分析技术。本文简要介绍了近红外光谱的发展、测量原理、技术特点．并对近年来近红外光谱技术在肥料成分分析中的应用及前景进行了总结。近红外光谱在肥料成分分析中的应用范围比较狭窄,主要集中在两个方面：一是利用近红外反射光谱（NIRS）分析技术快速测定各种畜禽粪便主要肥料成分含量;二是应用近红外光谱技术在土壤及土壤肥料学科中的应用;只有极少量的关于混合（复合）肥料的研究。随着近红外光谱技术的不断成熟,除了应用范围将不断拓宽之外,相信对于目前较为空白的应用机理的研究也将越来越深入、细致及严谨。     

控制交通噪声声屏障的发展历程及发展趋势

随着交通运输业的发展,交通噪声污染越来越严重。研究经验表明,声屏障作为一种降噪设施,能有效地控制交通噪声。文中介绍了声屏障的降噪机理和发展历程,并综述了声屏障的研究现状和发展趋势。     

"3S"技术发展综述

"3S"技术是地理信息系统(GIS)、遥感(RS)及全球定位系统(GPS)的总称.它被广泛的应用于工业、农业、国防等方面.本文着重阐述了"3S"系统在国内外的发展情况,尤其是"3S"集成系统在森林、草地、动态监测方面的发展.     

我国西部大开发面临的主要问题及对策

实施西部大开发，加快西部地区的经济发展，面临着许多问题和困难。我们必须转变观念、创新体制，加快西部地区基础设施建设，加强生态建设，积极调整产业结构，发展科技教育，加大对西部地区特别是少数民族地区的财政转移力度，为西部大开发创造良好的环境。     

论科技进步对西部开发的影响和作用

如果说以往的西部开发主要是大规模地开发利用其丰富的自然资源，其经济增长是以环境的大规模破坏为代价的，那么，今天的西部开发就应该是，也必须是在一个全新的发展思路、发展模式和发展战略－可持续发展的指导下的开发，今天，科学技术已经成为社会巨系统中一个不可缺少的重要组成部分，要实现西部开发的开发目标，就必须依靠科技进步来完成。     

Procedures for Evaluating the Impact of Complex Educational Interventions

The application of information and computer technology (ICT) to education, particularly when ICT is a component of a major school reform, raises difficult issues for program evaluation. In many cases even defining the program goal is difficult because so many different changes are often instituted at the same time: installation of a local area network, development of technical support, staff development for integrating ICT into the curriculum and for new teaching methods, and so on. To assist program developers and evaluators in gaining control of such complex interventions in education, two basic procedures are described: the history of the future and program logic mapping. The former is a goals and methods clarification scheme, built around a press release that describes at the projected end of the project what was achieved and how. The latter procedure draws on the goals defined in the history of the future, along with the project strategy, to make explicit all of the major links between project inputs and project outputs. This map then serves as a guide for planning an evaluation that would verify causal linkages as well as outcomes. For each type of node in such a diagram, appropriate evaluation techniques are defined.     

“互联网+教研”形态研究：内涵、特征与趋势

“互联网+”推动教研发展,引发教研形态转型。文章在梳理网络技术支持教研形态演化发展的基础上,提出“互联网+教研”是信息化教研发展的高端形态,其内涵表现为:以多维空间的开放互通,优化教研生态环境;以智能技术的创新应用,拓展教研活动场域;以教师学习方式变革,促进教研形式创新;以促进教师高水平专业成长为核心,推动教师质量和教育质量的内涵式发展。同时,从教研主体、环境、内容、过程及评价五个方面分析了“互联网+教研”的关键特征。最后,文章提出以下研究发展趋势:以研究范式转型来构建“互联网+教研”理论体系;重视人工智能技术与教研应用的创新融合;开展大数据驱动的“互联网+教研”服务的综合效能评估。