The effect of text genre on parent use of joint book reading strategies to promote phonological awareness

This study compared the rates of different types of joint book reading behaviors of parents of preschool children with and without language impairments using two different text genres. Participants included 72 preschool children between the ages of 51 and 70 months. Fifty-five children were typically developing and 17 were diagnosed with language impairments. Parent–child dyads were videotaped during periods of joint book reading using two different types of text (one alphabet-rhyming and one narrative). Results indicated parents rarely used reading behaviors known to enhance their preschoolers’ phonological awareness. However, when used, there was a significant difference between the two types of texts. The alphabet book elicited a higher rate of phonological awareness and print concept behaviors, while the narrative book resulted in parents using more content behaviors. In addition, the parents of typically developing children used more phonological awareness behaviors than the parents of children with language impairments.     

College in the media: the relationship between repeated exposure and college expectations

Media consumption can influence viewer perceptions and attitudes. Recent research on media’s effect on college students has failed to address gender differences. Using Mere Repeated Exposure Theory (traditionally used in marketing research), this study aims to answer three research questions regarding college media consumption and college perceptions: What types of fictional college media do college students consume? How does college media consumption differ by gender? How does fictional college media consumption relate to perceived college expectations? Results suggest that college students who consume high amounts of fictional college media are more likely to have positive attitudes towards partying and socializing in college. High consumers of college media, however, do not believe that college media influences their college perceptions. Men are more likely to socialize in college and are more aware than women that college media influences their college perceptions. Women are more likely to believe that college is difficult regardless of media consumption.     

一脉相承，各放异彩——从三个文本的比较看互文性和独创性的统一

《呼啸山庄》、《黑暗的心脏》和《了不起的盖茨比》这三部不同时代的著名小说在叙事手法上有着相似之处:它们都采用了相似的故事内容,"故事中的故事"的叙事结构,多重叙述者,第一人称叙事视角,以及二元对称结构。但它们在叙事手法上也存在着细节上的不同,而且在故事表现的主题等方面也各不相同。所以这三个经典的叙事文本既相似又相异,它们集中体现了互文性和独创性的统一。     

按揭贷款偿还方式选择与信息公开

债务偿还方式多种多样，但目前银行个人住房贷款偿还方式有等额本息和等额本金两种，不同的还款方式，消费者的利息支出有较大的差异。由于“信息隐藏”和“善意劝导”的原因，购房者所获知的还款方式信息仅限于等额本息方式。就此，应信息公开让购房者合理选取住房贷款偿还方式。     

影响血液尿素测量值的实验室因素

观察了实验室自然光照对二乙酰一肟法测定血尿素结果的影响。发现光照对测量结果有显著影响。提示测量过程中要避免室外光直接照射     

传书堂的兴衰

本文先介绍了蒋氏传书堂的历史背景,次叙述了传书堂传至蒋汝藻后,蒋汝藻倾其所有,广泛收集其祖先遗籍,使传书堂渐渐地走向辉煌的过程,最后交待了因战争等原因使传书堂由鼎盛时期而走向衰亡的历史事实.     

基于机器学习的自动文本分类模型研究

基于机器学习的方法是自动文本分类中非常重要的一大类方法。本文先给出了形式化的定义，提出了自动文本分类的流程模型，然后选取了支持向量机（Support Vector Machine，SVM）算法作为一个典型例子进行分析，最后作者通过一个中文文本分类实验评价了该算法的效果。     

Time gap analysis by the topic model-based temporal technique

This study proposes a temporal analysis method to utilize heterogeneous resources such as papers, patents, and web news articles in an integrated manner. We analyzed the time gap phenomena between three resources and two academic areas by conducting text mining-based content analysis. To this end, a topic modeling technique, Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) was used to estimate the optimal time gaps among three resources (papers, patents, and web news articles) in two research domains. The contributions of this study are summarized as follows: firstly, we propose a new temporal analysis method to understand the content characteristics and trends of heterogeneous multiple resources in an integrated manner. We applied it to measure the exact time intervals between academic areas by understanding the time gap phenomena. The results of temporal analysis showed that the resources of the medical field had more up-to-date property than those of the computer field, and thus prompter disclosure to the public. Secondly, we adopted a power-law exponent measurement and content analysis to evaluate the proposed method. With the proposed method, we demonstrate how to analyze heterogeneous resources more precisely and comprehensively.     

The impact of relational markers on expository text comprehension in L1 and L2

This article reports on an experimentinvestigating the impact of causal discoursemarkers (connectives and signaling phrases) onthe comprehension of expository texts in L1 andL2. Although several psycholinguistic studieshave investigated the impact of connectives andlexical markers of text structure oncomprehension (i.e. off-line), there is noconsensus on the exact effect of explicitdiscourse markers on text understanding; threedifferent findings are reported in theliterature: markers would have a facilitatingeffect, an interfering effect or no effect atall. The first goal of this article is toclarify this problem of contradicting resultsby limiting the scope of the study to causalrelations, and to one specific text type:expository texts. Furthermore, the naturalnessof the experimental texts was controlled,readers did not need specific backgroundknowledge to understand the texts and theexperimental method consisted of open answerquestioning. Our second goal is to investigateto what extent a supposed effect of linguisticmarking depends on readers proficiency in afirst or second language.The experiment consisted in the reading of short expository texts in two languages, Dutchand French, which both functioned as L1 and L2.The results indicate that readers benefit fromthe presence of causal relational markers bothin L1 and in L2. Implications for (theoriesof) text processing are discussed, as well asfor the further insights in readingcomprehension in L1 and L2.     

Free radical generation and lipid peroxidation among the dry cell industry workers exposed to carbon

A total of 75 healthy male dry cell industry workers exposed to carbon for 5, 8 and 10 years were compared with 48 controls matched for age and economic status with respect to free radical generation, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant levels. Lymphocytes were seperated from the whole blood and used for estimation of free radicals and antioxidants. Plasma lipid peroxidation products were estimated in the form of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances. Significant increase in free radical generation and lipid peroxidation products were observed in carbon exposed population than controls, and the increase was found to be significant with increase in the period of exposure. The levels of antioxidants i.e., superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase were found to decrease with the increase in exposure to carbon in industrial workers. These results suggest that exposure to carbon augments free radical generation, lipid peroxidation and promotes decline in antioxidant enzymes.