下一代数字图书馆系统体系架构的发展动向

文章介绍了国外近年来下一代数字图书馆系统体系架构研究的新动向,着重分析了SOA、网格和P2P技术在数字图书馆领域内应用的研究及所开发的原型系统.     

中国经济空间格局演变及其CO2排放效应

改革开放以来,中国经历了由东部率先发展到区域协调发展的区域战略调整,中国经济空间格局发生较大改变.探究CO2排放量对经济空间格局演变的响应,对中国尽早实现CO2排放达峰目标、确保可持续发展具有重要意义.本文在刻画1985-2017年中国经济空间格局演变特征的基础上,基于LMDI因素分解方法分析了中国CO2排放的驱动因素...     

Combined effects of exposure to hypoxia and cool on walking economy and muscle oxygenation profiles at tibialis anterior

We investigated combined effects of ambient temperature (23°C or 13°C) and fraction of inspired oxygen (21%O₂ or 13%O₂) on energy cost of walking (C_w: J·kg^?1·km^?1) and economical speed (ES). Eighteen healthy young adults (11 males, seven females) walked at seven speeds from 0.67 to 1.67 m s^?1 (four min per stage). Environmental conditions were set; thermoneutral (N: 23°C) with normoxia (N: 21%O₂) = NN; 23°C (N) with hypoxia (H: 13%O₂) = NH; cool (C: 13°C) with 21%O₂ (N) = CN, and 13°C (C) with 13%O₂ (H) = CH. Muscle deoxygenation (HHb) and tissue O₂ saturation (StO₂) were measured at tibialis anterior. We found a significantly slower ES in NH (1.289 ± 0.091 m s^?1) and CH (1.275 ± 0.099 m s^?1) than in NN (1.334 ± 0.112 m s^?1) and CN (1.332 ± 0.104 m s^?1). Changes in HHb and StO₂ were related to the ES. These results suggested that the combined effects (exposure to hypoxia and cool) is nearly equal to exposure to hypoxia and cool individually. Specifically, acute moderate hypoxia slowed the ES by approx. 4%, but acute cool environment did not affect the ES. Further, HHb and StO₂ may partly account for an individual ES.     

Replication,pathogenicity, and transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in minks

Minks are raised in many countries and have transmitted severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) to humans. However, the biologic properties of SARS-CoV-2 in minks are largely unknown. Here, we investigated and found that SARS-CoV-2 replicates efficiently in both the upper and lower respiratory tracts, and transmits efficiently in minks via respiratory droplets; pulmonary lesions caused by SARS-CoV-2 in minks are similar to those seen in humans with COVID-19. We further found that a spike protein-based subunit vaccine largely prevented SARS-CoV-2 replication and lung damage caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection in minks. Our study indicates that minks are a useful animal model for evaluating the efficacy of drugs or vaccines against COVID-19 and that vaccination is a potential strategy to prevent minks from transmitting SARS-CoV-2.     

Injectable hybrid inorganic nanoscaffold as rapid stem cell assembly template for cartilage repair

Cartilage injuries are often devastating and most cannot be cured because of the intrinsically low regenerative capacity of cartilage tissues. Although stem-cell therapy has shown enormous potential for cartilage repair, the therapeutic outcome has been restricted by low survival rates and poor chondrocyte differentiation in vivo. Here, we report an injectable hybrid inorganic (IHI) nanoscaffold that facilitates fast assembly, enhances survival and regulates chondrogenic differentiation of stem cells. IHI nanoscaffolds that strongly bind to extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins assemble stem cells through synergistic 3D cell–cell and cell–matrix interactions, creating a favorable physical microenvironment for stem-cell survival and differentiation in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, chondrogenic factors can be loaded into nanoscaffolds with a high capacity, which allows deep, homogenous drug delivery into assembled 3D stem-cell-derived tissues for effective control over the soluble microenvironment of stem cells. The developed IHI nanoscaffolds that assemble with stem cells are injectable. They also scavenge reactive oxygen species and timely biodegrade for proper integration into injured cartilage tissues. Implantation of stem-cell-assembled IHI nanoscaffolds into injured cartilage results in accelerated tissue regeneration and functional recovery. By establishing our IHI nanoscaffold-templated 3D stem-cell assembly method, we provide a promising approach to better overcoming the inhibitory microenvironment associated with cartilage injuries and to advance current stem-cell-based tissue engineering.     

固体氧化物燃料电池的现状与发展

固体氧化物燃料电池是将燃料中的化学能直接转化为电能的电化学装置，具有高效率、零污 染、无噪声等特点。它可以为民用、商业、军事和交通运输等提供高质量的电源。这一技术 的成功应用对于缓解能源危机、满足对电力数量和质量的需求、保护生态环境和国家安全都 具有重大的意义。本文简略地介绍了固体氧化物燃料电池及其现状和存在的问题，并就作者 的观点提出了值得深入研究的课题。     

Bcl-2基因家族及子宫内膜增生、癌变研究综述

目前已发现数个Bcl-2基因家族成员。主要有Bcl-2、Bax等，它们调节子宫内膜细胞的凋亡，与子宫内膜增生、癌变有密切联系。     

我国瓜类细胞工程研究进展

综述了我国瓜类细胞工程,包括组织、器官、细胞和原生质体培养及体细胞突变体筛选、转基因等领域的研究进展及其在育种中的应用,指出了目前该研究领域存在的问题和今后的研究方向。认为应建立和完善各种瓜类,特别是我国特产瓜类的离体培养体系,加强瓜类细胞工程及其实用化研究,如抗性突变体离体筛选研究、瓜类小孢子培养及未受精子房培养研究等,以创造优异种质资源,提高育种效率,服务于瓜类育种实践。     

从文献统计分析看诱导多能干细胞的研究

诱导多能干细胞是近年来干细胞研究的焦点,本文基于pubmed数据库,通过对诱导多能干细胞的文献检索,利用TDA及spss软件,对诱导多能干细胞的文献进行年代分布、重要来源期刊、多产作者及研究热点的统计分析,旨在探讨ips的研究现状及其发展态势。     

利用DOI识别科技期刊官方网站的意义与方法

摘 要 【目的】保证科技期刊官方网站的有效识别与永久链接,扩大官网的网络影响力,为解决非法网站假冒期刊官网、欺骗作者、读者的问题提供途径。【方法】 利用DOI标准与技术以及中文DOI相关服务,对期刊网站进行DOI唯一标识的注册,并通过DOI解析实现方便、持久的网络链接;利用纸刊印刷二维码等方式实现纸刊与期刊网站的连接。【结果】 有效防御假冒伪劣期刊网站对正规网站的侵害;实现科技期刊多种传播渠道的协同增效作用。【结论】 为期刊网站注册DOI标识保护了读者、作者和期刊编辑出版单位的权益,扩大了科技期刊官方影响力,应大力推广。