情境本体驱动的多源知识融合框架

[目的/意义] 情境建模是解决信息泛滥、信息过载、实现信息按需服务的重要手段,目前已有的知识库构建和知识融合方法普遍忽略了情境信息,阻碍了知识库的实际应用,降低了知识服务的效率和效果。[方法/过程] 综合考虑环境情境、个人情境和领域本体三个方面,提出一种情境本体驱动的多源知识融合框架,并以此框架融合生成基于情境的药物不良反应知识库ConADR Ontology。在本框架的指导下,以药物不良反应的知识库构建为例,半自动实现情境本体模式层的构建和数据层的扩充;并以情境本体作为中介本体,实现情境本体,药物不良反应领域本体ADReCS和人类疾病领域本体Disease Ontology间的融合;最终在此基础上实现基于SPARQL的案例查询。[结果/结论] 实例验证表明,本框架具有一定的可行性,对知识库的建设和应用具有理论性指导和参考价值。     

计算机网络贩毒的现状、发展趋势和预防对策

计算机网络的出现和快速的发展带来了新型的网络贩毒犯罪。在分析计算机网络贩毒犯罪的现状和发展趋势的基础上,通过技术、法律与道德三管其下的方式,可以有效完善我国预防该类犯罪的相关措施。     

现代俄语青年俚语中的吸毒者黑话成分

苏联解体后的俄语发生了巨大的变化，其特点之一是非标准语，如俚语，行话，黑话，骂人话等低级语体的语言单位向标准语的渗透。选择现代俄语青年俚语从吸毒黑话中借用的语言单位为研究对象，从构词，语义，语法等角度，揭示现代俄语青年俚语从吸毒黑话中借用语言单位的基本途径和特征。     

对青少年吸毒现象的心理学思考

青少年吸毒现象是社会重视的一个问题。本文从内外因素两方面分析当前青少年吸毒的原因,提出了预防青少年吸毒的几个原则,以及对已经吸毒青少年进行心理干预的措施和方法。     

Drug Testing,Sex Verification,and the 1967 Pan-American Games

Abstract

Despite frequent claims that invasive methods of sex verification and early procedures for doping detection were used in 1966 and 1967 at different major international sport competitions, little is known about the origins and rationales for implementing such procedures. This paper focuses on the drug testing and sex verification protocols implemented at the 1967 Pan-American Games held in Winnipeg. Specifically, it explores the conditions that led to these protocols, as well as the details of and the arguments invoked for their implementation. To do so, archival material, media coverage featured in English, French, Portuguese, and Spanish newspapers and magazines across the Americas, and oral histories are analyzed and discussed. The paper demonstrates that neither the sex verification nor the drug testing protocol was mandatory for all athletes and only two very specific groups of athletes were targeted. It also demonstrates that in the case of the former, exceptions were made within the specific group targeted. The paper concludes that the rudimentary protocols applied at the 1967 Pan-American Games likely informed the IOC Medical Commission’s doping and sex-testing policies implemented at the 1968 Mexico City Olympics and Grenoble Winter Olympics.     

抗消化性溃疡药物的研究概述

消化性溃疡是一类常见病、高发性病,严重影响着人们的生活。目前,在抗消化性溃疡药品市场上形成了质子泵抑制剂类、H2-受体拮抗剂、胃粘膜保护剂三大主体药物格局和临床用药"五足鼎立"局面,产品的更新换代又为消化性溃疡的治疗输入了新鲜血液。     

pH值敏感水凝胶的合成及药物缓释性能研究

聚乙二醇(PEG)与丙烯酰氯反应合成聚乙二醇双丙烯酸酯(PEGDA)，然后以PEGDA、N—乙烯基—2—此咯烷酮(NVP)及丙烯酸为主要原料，N，N^ —亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(BIS)为交联剂，偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)为引发剂，采用自由基聚合法合成了对pH值变化敏感的N—乙烯基—2—吡咯烷酮—丙烯酸—聚乙二醇双丙烯酸酯交联共聚物(po1y[NVP-AA-PEGDA])水凝胶．利用该共聚物为载体对抗癌药5—氟脲密啶(5—FU)进行包埋，并在SIF及SGF缓冲溶液中于37℃进行体外释药研究．结果表明，在pH值较小的缓释介质中药物释放曲线较平缓，释药周期较长，同时最终的平衡释药百分数也较小；随着样品中PEGDA量的减少，释药曲线趋于平缓，释药周期变长，最终的平衡释药百分数成小．     

Supportive Communication and the Adequate Paraphrase

The active listening paradigm recommends that helpers paraphrase the thoughts and feelings of support seekers. But how? This study compared evaluations of four types of paraphrase messages derived from the work of Polanyi. Results showed that certain forms of paraphrasing are evaluated as more helpful, sensitive, and supportive than others, though differences were not in full alignment with theoretical predictions, and results were dependent on narrative prompt. Our study provides initial empirical data that question the practical advice given to informal help providers found in our academic scholarship and textbooks. Formal and informal helping relationships have many similarities and differences that should be acknowledged and tested with a variety of methods and populations.     

荧光偏振免疫分析法检测环孢霉素血药浓度

目的 :建立荧光偏振免疫分析 (FPIA)检测环孢霉素 (Cyclosporine)进行治疗药物监测(TDM)方法 ,为临床器官移植抗排斥反应及多种自身免疫性疾病的治疗服务。方法 :用定标、质控、回收率、精密度、抗干扰等对FPIA进行评价 ,并对用药达稳态浓度后肾移植患者的肝素抗凝全血中的环孢霉素血药浓度进行测定。结果 :定标、质控均符合实验要求 ,平均回收率为96.6% ,平均SD为 5.85 ,CV %为 2 .1 ,高胆红素、血红蛋白、甘油三酯以及高、低总蛋白等对FPIA的干扰误差均 <1 0 %。肾移植患者无药物中毒反应和排斥反应 ,环孢霉素血药浓度平均值为 1 52 .5μg/L。结论 :荧光偏振免疫分析法测定环孢霉素血药浓度具有较高的特异性和稳定性     

Substance use among township secondary school students – an emergent phenomenon

Abstract

Despite widespread concern taking the form of condemnation and education about the danger associated with substance use and abuse by students, this threat has not significantly abated. Numerous students still succumb to the allure and destructiveness of inter alia liquor, smoking, sniffing and drugs. This article examines substance use among students by means of a literature study and a questionnaire. The questionnaire obtained the views of the township secondary school students regarding the prevalence of substance use, usual times for substance use, the period of initial and later use, factors influencing students to use substances and the relationships between age and gender and substance use. The study found that the family, peers, community, school and media advertisements exert powerful influence on the students, which has resulted in a considerable number of them using substances. The study concludes with recommendations on how to address the problem.