Discussion, debate and dialog: changing minds about conceptual change research in science education

This paper provides a critical commentary on a suite of eight papers, which focus on conceptual change research in science education. Responses by Mercer, Smardon and Wells to a paper by Treagust and Duit are observed to reflect the backgrounds of the three authors with Wells focusing on issues of ontology and the affective domain. Mercer and Smardon focus on issues of identity and the role of dialog. Hewson’s, Vosniadou’s and Tiberghien’s responses to Roth, Lee and Hwang offer robust critique of what appear to be exploratory ideas. To what extent the authors of the response papers enter into dialog with the papers is discussed. How far research into learning in science has progressed since the 1980s is examined.

Needs of thermodynamic properties measurements and modeling in the frame of new regulations on refrigerants

In 1987, the Montreal Protocol prohibited the worldwide use and production of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) and hydro fluorocarbons (HFCs) were proposed as alternative refrigerants. Unfortunately, HFCs have non negligible global warning potential and therefore new refrigerants must be proposed or old refrigerants must be used associated with HFC. Accurate experimental thermodynamic data and predictive techniques are required for better under-standing of the performance of the newly proposed refrigerants. In this communication, experimental techniques based on either analytic or synthetic methods are first described. Data are reported. Then two newly developed predictive models based on thermodynamic approach with the isofugacity criterion and artificial neural network method are presented. The results can provide better evaluation of refrigerants, especially with the aim of studying global warning effects.     

A model to design interactive learning environments for children with visual disabilities

Current interactive learning environments cannot be accessed by learners with disabilities, in particular for students with vision disabilities. Modeling techniques are necessary to map real-world experiences to virtual worlds by using 3D auditory representations of objects for blind people. In this paper, a model to design multimedia software for blind learners is presented. The model was validated with existing educational software for these users. We describe the modeling of the real world including cognitive usability testing tasks by considering not only the representation of the real world but also modeling the learner’s knowledge of the virtual world. The software architecture is also described by using this model, displaying the components needed to impact learning. Finally, we analyze critical issues in designing software for learners with visual disabilities and propose some recommendations and guidelines.     

以数学建模思想为动力，推动数学课堂教学改革

目前专家对高职高专的数学培养目标要求是：“掌握数学的基本知识和运算技能．具有基本运算、基本计算工具使用等能力，能够运用数学方法分析与解决实际问题的能力”。这与数学建模思想一脉相通。数学建模思想和方法不仅培养学生具有“应用性”的能力，而且培养了学生的创新能力。     

Human skeleton proportions from monocular data

INTRODUCTION The problem of creating a virtual human has received a lot of attention in the last few decades, due to the increasing popularity of applications involving human figures, such as movies and computer games. There are many approaches to create a virtual human body. Traditional ways for creating a virtual human figure include employing 3D body scanners or using 3D modeling techniques based on understanding of human anatomy. Detailed 3D human body model can be acquired easily us…     

Combinatorial model of solute transport in porous media

INTRODUCTION In recent years, modeling of solute transport inporous media remains a key issue in the area of soilphysics and hydrogeology, because anthropogenicchemicals frequently enter the soil, subsoil andaquifers, either by accident or by accepted man-agement practices, and the resulting chemicalresidues pose hazards to the environment. The movement of solute in porous media iscommonly described by the convection-dispersionequation (CDE) (Bear, 1972) developed and ex-tens…     

初论高职院校的数学建模竞赛活动

高职院校要搞好数学建模竞赛活动的主要关键是院系领导的重视,教师科学认真组织培训和各有关部门的大力协助支持。高职院校开展和搞好数学建模竞赛活动具有重要的理论意义和实践价值。     

多代理系统的UML 建模研究

随着计算机、网络以及通信技术的发展 ,系统的复杂性不断增加 ,多代理系统的应用也随之日益广泛。本文通过研究面向对象与多代理系统的关系 ,将原本用于面向对象建模的统一建模语言 ,进行必要的扩展 ,以求建立多代理系统的模型     

基于Sketch Up三维数字校园实感模型设计与实现 ——以辽宁科技学院为例

以辽宁科技学院作为建模实例,结合Sketch Up建模软件构建辽宁科技学院建筑物的实感三维模型,强化真实质感的表达,精确细腻构建辽宁科技学院校园的建筑三维精细模型。研究建模过程中的数据获取与表达方法,解决Sketch Up模型不具有真实感,与实际差别较大等相关技术问题。为数字化实感模型和虚拟现实建筑物实感模型的建立提供一定的参考。     

基于知识建模图的教材知识内容分析理路与应用价值

教材的主要职能在于传递知识,知识内容是教材的核心。因此,想要深入分析教材存在的深层次问题需从微观的知识内容层面入手。现有采用统计关键词频次的内容分析,无法解释教材的知识内容结构及各部分内容之间的联系等问题,而采用语义图性质的概念图又难以保证教材分析结果的客观性。可见,如何客观地可视化表征教材知识内容是从知识层面分析教材的关键。知识建模图是严格按照操作规范绘制而成的,包含教学内容知识点及其关系的知识结构隶属图,不同的绘制者针对相同内容所绘制的知识建模图具高度一致性,其可作为分析教材内容的客观工具和基础数据。因此,基于知识建模图为数据基础,提出了分析教材知识内容新理路,即分析教材的目标定位准确性、知识点类型分布、知识建模图形态结构、目标知识点与先决知识点的紧密性、例题与习题知识点的一致性等方面的特征,可准确揭示教材定位是否适切、教材内容能否达成课程目标、组织方式是否恰当、内容编排能否促进目标知识点的学习、事实范例的选择是否有助于知识点的迁移与能力的提升等问题。基于知识建模图的教材知识内容分析理路,可成为今后教材分析的一种新思路,对有理有据地分析、优化教材的组织结构和内容体系,具有积极意义。此外,采用该理路分析教材,还利于学科知识建模图的积累,并且这些学科知识建模图可广泛应用于教学资源聚合、校本课程优化、教育数据处理、个性化学习推荐和教师教学增效等方面。这对加快智能教育从感知智能向认知智能的转变与演进,具有一定的促进作用。