把辞章学研究推向前进

辞章学是＂大修辞学＂,或称＂广义修辞学＂,它和经学、史学一样,是＂吾国之菁英＂,是言语艺术的国学。我国辞章学的发展可分三个时期：古代期、古今过渡期、现代期。本文简述古代期辞章学;较具体地阐释过渡期倡建辞章学的观点;较详细地叙述了现代期辞章学各类型代表作及其理论成果和存在的问题,在此基础上,提出中、近期的研究规划,研究应注意的原则和如何实现计划的措施。     

Why We Say it Like That: Making Rhetorical Practices Explicit for Students in Disciplinary and Interdisciplinary Courses

Students in colleges and universities need to be able to learn how to communicate effectively both within the specialized arenas of their chosen disciplines and, increasingly, with a wide variety of public and professional audiences. One way to accomplish this goal is to integrate the development of effective writing and speaking skills into both our disciplinary and interdisciplinary classrooms. In this essay, we suggest that faculty to adopt a “rhetorical perspective” in their teaching, regardless of discipline, in order to capitalize on already existing faculty expertise and empower students. Specifically, a rhetorical perspective integrating speaking and writing can help students to become more active agents in their intellectual development, can help faculty design assignments and activities that relate directly to course goals and learning outcomes, and can provide a framework for feedback that can facilitate student learning.     

转型期农村人民调解的社会环境分析

转型期农村人民调解地位下降、功能弱化的现状源于深层次的社会环境因素的变迁。农村道德伦理调解功能的弱化削弱了人民调解的重要依据——情理在调解中的说服作用;离散化的人际环境导致社区凝聚力下降,纠纷解决合作化的基础与需求减少;农村法制环境与农民法律意识的落后侵蚀着调解的公平正义原则。     

中国修辞学史研究的新贡献——《20世纪中国修辞学》简评

《20世纪中国修辞学》(上下卷)体现了两个方面的特点:一是大胆创新,创立了"通"与"专"相结合,"条"与"块"相结合,"点"与"面"相结合的体例;二是坚持并贯彻"以史促论,以论带史,史论结合"的原则,在对文言白话之争的历史脉络进行爬梳整理的同时,以现代科学方法论为指导,注重对相邻学科的探讨分析。     

论意象与辞章

一篇辞章,如就其内容成分而言,属于核心成分的主旨,无论表达的是「情」或「理」,都是「意」,而所用的具体材料,无论是「事」或「物(景)」,则全是「象」;如就其形成而言,乃结合「修辞」(个别意象之表现)、「意象(狭义、个别)」(个别意象之形成)、「文(语)法」(由概念组合为个别意象)、「章法」(意象之排列)与「主旨」(核心之「意」)、「风格」(由整体意象所呈显之审美风貌)而形成的一个综合体,而这个综合体,一一可用「意象」(广义、整体,含狭义、个别)加以贯穿.而由于它们深深地植基于哲学(意以象尽)与心理(异质同构)之上,将主(意)客(象)体合而为一,以此形成有机之整体,而产生美感,因此可以这么说,辞章从头到尾是离不开意象的.     

文艺复兴时期关于亚里士多德《修辞学》的论争:传播理论的跨文化解读

本演讲探讨了欧洲早期文艺复兴期间(大约1350-1700)为解读亚里士多德的《修辞学》中的论述所做出的努力,讨论了欧洲的注释者在理解亚里士多德的《修辞学》中所遇到的困难,关注了当时学者意料之外的某些论争,并力图阐释引起这些论争的原因。作者认为,人们力图阐释关于一种文化的论述并力图从另一种文化的需求和兴趣来解读这种论述的努力对中美两国具有重要意义,这些阐释所可能引发的结果也具有积极意义。作者的这种解读对当今世界——对中国和“西方”国家富有更为广泛的意义——因为他在试图解读产生于一种文化而被转译到另一种文化的修辞学和传播学理论。作者指出,在欧洲文艺复兴时期,人们相信修辞学和社会很大程度上是一回事。修辞学能够使人们避免暴力、摆脱兽性,使许多不同人的思想统一起来,促成一种包容各种矛盾的和谐社会。修辞学使我们变得文明。     

论广告英语中的象似性

语言象似性研究是国内外语言学界关注的焦点之一,但对广告英语的象似性研究还很薄弱。广告英语的象似性主要表现在语音象似性、数量象似性、顺序象似性和对称象似性等方面。在广告语言中灵活运用象似性理论,可以有效提高广告的吸引力和感染力,增强广告的宣传效应。     

Taking a metaperspective on rhetorical education

This essay takes a metaperspective on what it means to talk about rhetorical education, the subject of this collection. After exploring different senses of what the term may mean, the essay addresses three issues touched upon but not fully developed in the collection: first, the idea that rhetoric has no subject matter of its own but may instead be applied to any subject; second, why there is a cultural and historical moment in which questions of rhetorical education especially come before us; and third, why we should think about rhetoric outside the academy. This review concludes by suggesting that Cicero’s vision of The Orator sums up the aspirations for rhetorical education suggested in this collection.     

论列宁对过渡时期理论的实践与发展

列宁对社会主义实践的理论,特别是对落后地区的国家如何建立社会主义、如何实现从资本主义向社会主义的过渡等问题都有深刻的论述,具体体现在对无产阶级专政的发展、实行的新经济政策、对社会主义阶段的划分等,列宁对过渡时期理论的发展,对我们更好地认识社会主义初级阶段的国情,更好地进行中国特色社会主义建设有着重要的现实意义。     

Presidential rhetoric's visual turn: Performance fragments and the politics of illusionism

This essay explores the aesthetic and rhetorical implications of prudent and imprudent presidential performance fragments embodied in photo‐opportunities, thereby addressing presidential rhetoric's “visual turn. “Assembled as a critical rhetoric text, this essay posits that presidential performance fragments privilege the dominant ideology and its power relationships. In addition, this project argues that prudent presidential performances signal a chief executive's consubstantiality with the mythic presidency, centralized authority, and active political leadership. Imprudent photo‐opportunity performances, by contrast, impact negatively a president's image, agenda, credibility, and authority. The essay concludes with a discussion of how political images symbolically affect the citizenry and democratic processes, and advances foundational issues for the critic.