高等医学院校医学专业英语阅读测试内容效度实证分析

本文从内容效度的主要影响因素入手,基于近5年来某高等医学院校医学专业英语阅读测试试题为样本,以语篇输入视角,进行历时性研究与分析,客观评价某高等医学院校医学专业英语阅读测试的内容效度,提出相应建议,以期对提高医学专业英语测试水平有所裨益。     

Dispatches from the Street

Abstract

This study examines the personal worlds of homeless campers in Tucson, Arizona in the late 1990s to discover how the homeless contend with new sociospatial strategies of control. Tucson is typical of the dozens of U.S. cities that are attempting to evict street people from urban cores that have been rediscovered as frontiers for development and capital investment. The article draws from a year-long ethnographic case study of six campers to analyze their everyday talk and placemaking as interrelated productions of meaning. The analysis shows that the campers’ meaning making was inseparable from their material struggles to survive. They used their talk and placemaking to construct alternative homes and workplaces, an alternative, self-affirming definition of homelessness, and the foundations of a critique against the “system” of institutions producing poverty and inequality. Their meaning making constituted a “weapon of the weak” which the campers deployed to wage a kind of symbolic guerrilla war against the dominant discourse on homelessness.     

When Transnational Civil Network Meets Local Context: An Exploratory Hyperlink Network Analysis of Northern/Southern NGOs' Virtual Network in China

Abstract

Nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) are important communicators in the international arena, but few studies have explored the encounter between Northern NGOs (NNGOs) and Southern NGOs. This study examines how NNGOs build relationships with Chinese NGOs (CNGOs) online and how network positions affect the amount of local media coverage NNGOs receive. This study revealed three major findings: NNGOs occupied a disadvantageous network position; a close connection with CNGOs was crucial for NNGOs to attract media coverage; and NNGOs' and CNGOs' virtual networks demonstrated structural patterns similar to those of their offline networks. This study calls for attention to a mutually beneficial virtual communication structure.     

Lope de Aguirre,the Tyrant,and the Prince: Convergence and Divergence in Postcolonial Collective Memory

Abstract

In Latin America, collective remembering is shaped by stories of colonizers whose voracious ambitions left an indelible mark on the landscape and its people. This essay examines a set of narratives about a legendary colonizer, Lope de Aguirre, that continue to be invoked in the collective imagination on the island of Margarita, in Venezuela. Drawing on Bormann's Symbolic Convergence Theory and Bakhtin's work on cultural discourse, this analysis shows that on the one hand, the narratives converge to support official records of Aguirre as an archetype of colonial brutality. Yet on the other, alternate versions of the stories reveal a more discordant picture, one that complicates Aguirre's character and reevaluates his influence on the island and in the wider context of Latin America.     

功能对等理论视角下的法律翻译——二论法律翻译中效力对等原则的理论依据及其实现

奈达的功能对等理论是20世纪翻译理论发展进程中的一个重要的里程碑，在翻译实践中的应用颇为广泛。英汉法律翻译同样应遵循功能对等原则，考虑译文与原文效力上的对等，兼顾形式上的对应。在法律翻译实践中，这种对等可以在透彻理解法律原文，熟知两类法律语种表达习惯的基础上，运用语篇翻译的思路而达到。     

从语用学角度看语篇连贯——《傲慢与偏见》为例

语篇连贯作为构成语篇的关键,自本世纪60年代后成为语篇语言学研究的重要课题。本文拟从语用学角度出发运用言语行为理论,合作原则及礼貌策略对《傲慢与偏见》一文进行语篇连贯分析,从而更好的反映出故事的主题,人物性格特征及任务间的关系。     

华盛顿·欧文的小说《睡谷的传说》的新历史主义解读

本文从新历史主义角度解读了华盛顿.欧文的小说《睡谷的传说》,作者站在边缘的立场,以睡谷里旧时田园生活的边缘文化颠覆资本主义中心文化,但作者的颠覆意图最终被资本主义主流话语所含纳并成为主流话语流通中的载体。然而在颠覆与含纳的角斗中,小说文本也参与了对历史的塑造。     

哈贝马斯话语伦理在文化全球化中的作用

在全球化背景下,迎来了文化全球化的潮流,各民族文化由于自身特点不同,政治经济发展的不平衡,使各民族文化之间对话交流陷入困境。哈贝马斯话语伦理提出了可普遍化原则、话语实践伦理原则,以及为实现交往合理性的三条途径：选择恰当的语言进行对话、承认和尊重一定的规范标准、建构良好的对话交往环境。哈贝马斯话语伦理为各民族文化对话交流提供了基本原则和途径,在文化全球化中具有重要的作用。     

语篇分析与翻译

语篇分析的目的在于研究交际活动中的语言,其特点与翻译的出发点及归宿点有着密切联系。注重语篇分析有助于翻译。     

论话语权

本文认为建立平等、友善、互助、和谐的人际关系是话语权得以公平分布、顺利实施的基本条件。文章分析了话语权分布的倒金字塔型、伞字型、口字型和逆向对等型,探讨了滥用、占用、弃用和慎用话语权等现象,讨论了正导、误导、强导和祈导话语权等问题,从构建和谐社会与和谐语言的角度论述了话语权的重要性。