Ask Questions to Encourage Questions Asked

Abstract

We delineate some types of structured practice (modeling, requests, feedback, and space-making) that help students learn to pose appropriate questions and to initiate exploration of those questions. Developing skills requires practice, so we suggest ways to embed structured practice into existing class sessions. Including structured practice is nuanced, instructor-specific, and depends on context. Therefore, we give examples of implementation in an inquiry-based learning (IBL)-influenced calculus class, in a partially IBL mathematics for liberal arts class, and in a completely IBL class for gifted high school students.     

A prototype of workflow management system for construction design projects

1 Introduction 1 In recent years there is a growing understanding of the importance of effective design management to facilitate a coordinated building design within budget, and to ensure the smooth operation of a project [1]. Therefore, it becomes a certain tendency that management of construction design project should combine with information technology (IT) to approach information share and process integration. Since the application of computer-aided design technology (CAD) in China at la…     

Externalizing behavior problems and interest in reading as predictors of later reading skills and educational aspirations

This study examined the developments in children’s externalizing problems and interest in reading during their first four years of school (Grades 1–4) and investigated whether this development predicted the children’s Grade 6 reading skills and educational aspirations. Data comprised (1) teachers’ ratings of externalizing problems and children’s (N = 642; 43% girls) self-ratings of their interest in reading, collected between Grades 1 and 4, and (2) measures of reading fluency and comprehension, and children’s self-reports of educational aspirations, collected at Grade 6. First, latent growth modeling showed that a higher level of externalizing problems in Grade 1 was associated with a lower concurrent interest in reading. Second, a positive association between the initial level of interest in reading and a linear change in externalizing problems indicated that children with a lower interest in reading in Grade 1 were rated by teachers as exhibiting higher levels of externalizing problems, which nonetheless declined over the course of their first four years of school more than among other children. Third, a higher initial level of externalizing problems with a linear change in these problems across Grades 1–4 was a predictor of lower subsequent educational aspirations and poorer reading comprehension in Grade 6. Analysis of the indirect effects indicated that a higher level of externalizing problems was associated with a lower concurrent interest in reading, which, in turn, was related to poorer future reading fluency and lower educational aspirations. The findings imply that problem behaviors are interlinked with academic skill development and motivation across the first six years of school.     

Automatic generation method of geological cross-sections in dredging engineering based on 3D solid NURBS models

An automatic generation method of geological cross-sections in dredging engineering based on 3D geological solid models is presented.The 3D geological models are built applying the non-uniform rational B-splines(NURBS) technique,and a 2D profile can be calculated and generated automatically through Boolean operation to meet the demands of dredging projects.Moreover,an automatic marking method for geological attributes is put forward based on database technology,and the geological attributes include the profile name,scale,horizontal and vertical relative coordinates,geological lithology,and 2D standard lithology legend.At the same time,the automatic marking method can also provide an interactive mode for geological engineers to edit and modify the profile in the modeling system.Practical engineering applications show that the automatic generation method is a simple,flexible,fast and precise visual graphics rendering process that can create 2D standard profiles automatically and efficiently.This method also provides a convenient support tool for geological engineering digital analysis.     

The effect of television viewing on ethnic prejudice against immigrants: A study in the Italian context

Television viewers construct many different meanings from the programs they watch. Here, we investigated whether ethnic prejudice is differentially influenced by the genre of television programs in their portrayal of ethnic minorities. We also wanted to determine whether a higher educational level reduces ethnic prejudice and television use. A self-reported questionnaire was administered to 401 Italian adults. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the relationships between ethnic prejudice and television program contents and educational level. Viewing Reality and Variety Shows was positively related to ethnic prejudice, News and Public Affairs was negatively related, and Films and TV series had no apparent influence on prejudice. Educational level was negatively related to both ethnic prejudice and watching Reality and Variety Shows, and positively related to viewing News and Public Affairs and Films and TV series programs.     

抽象表示层建模--用UML进行用户界面设计案例

UML即Unified Modeling Language是用于进行系统分析设计的模型语言。目前已经成为面向对象分析与设计的主流技术。但在UML应用模型中如何支持用户任务及表示层的用户界面元素是目前考虑的一个热点问题。本文针对在系统构造过程中的表示层构造建模．通过一个图书馆系统的案例介绍了如何使用UML进行用户界面设计。     

建模思想渗透到高等数学教学中的必要性

本文论述了数学建模思想在高等数学教学中的作用,以及在高等数学教学中渗透建摸思想的重要性及可行性。     

基于STEP的企业建模软件平台

为解决企业所有数据信息的集成与共享问题,提出了一个基于STEP标准的企业建模软件平台框架.它采用STEP的图形和语言2种方法描述企业信息;通过定义信息实体的ID唯一性,依靠产品视图将各个企业模型紧密集成在一起;把STEP作为企业信息的描述工具,通过各接口传递企业信息,可以对企业内所有信息进行建模和数据库管理,实现企业模型之间、模型与企业各生产领域之间、企业各生产领域之间的信息集成.     

Examining Factors Affecting Science Achievement of Hong Kong in PISA 2006 Using Hierarchical Linear Modeling

This study uses hierarchical linear modeling to examine the influence of a range of factors on the science performances of Hong Kong students in PISA 2006. Hong Kong has been consistently ranked highly in international science assessments, such as Programme for International Student Assessment and Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study; therefore, an exploration of the factors that affect science performances of Hong Kong students can give a lens to examine how science education can be improved in Hong Kong and other countries. The analyses reveal that student backgrounds as male, at higher grade levels, and born in mainland (when in the same grade) are associated with better science performance. Among the attitudinal factors, enjoyment of science and self-efficacy in science play important roles in scientific achievements. Most of the parental factors, on the other hand, are not having significant impacts on achievement after student attitudes are taken into account, with only parents’ value of science having a small effect. School student intake is found to be a strong predictor of school average achievement, as well as a major mediator of the effects of school enrollment size and school socio-economic status. The findings differ from recently reported results, which suggested that school enrollment size was associated with achievement. This study also points out the problems of the use of science instruction time as a school-level variable to explain science achievement in Hong Kong.     

软件系统建模方法分析

软件系统建模是软件开发中极其重要的环节。软件系统建模方法有许多种,诸如：功能分解法、数据流法、信息建模法、面向对象建模法等等。其中面向对象的方法和技术能够有效地控制系统的复杂性。适应系统的多样性,得到了广泛应用。UML是一种面向对象的标准化的建模语言,它对系统模型的表达能力是面向对象的分析和设计方法中的佼佼者。