“绿色”公司作用于企业绩效吗?——基于美国和中国的一项对比研究

绿色话题已成为当今社会讨论的热点问题。在相关文献回顾的基础上,结合实践,提出对企业积极的环境行为与企业绩效之间关系进一步探索的命题。通过在美国和中国情境下分别对上述关系进行实证性检验,得出在美国企业积极的环境行为与企业绩效之间呈现倒U型的关系,然而这一关系目前在中国并未显现。研究认为,中国企业的绿色实践仍在路上,刚刚起步。     

澳大利亚体育生活方式之独解探析

本文通过文献资料等方法对澳大利亚的体育生活方式进行研究与总结,并指出形成澳大利亚体育生活方式的主要因素,其中包括体育商业化、当地独特的气候、殖民的历史及争办奥运会等。     

美国R&D经费投入特征分析及经验借鉴

R＆D投入成为测度一个国家或地区R&D创新活动规模、评价科技活动成效和创新能力的重要指标.本文在对国内外政府R&D投入有关文献回顾的基础上,分析了美国2009年财政R&D预算投入的总体情况,结论认为美国R&D投入中基础研究成为战略投资重点、R&D投入优先领域非常明确、R&D投入主体呈现多元化趋势.鉴于美国经验,认为我国政府R&D投入过程中应加大基础研究投入比重、健全和完善多元化、多渠道的R&D投入体系和明确R&D投入优先领域等相关对策.     

Australian English‐language textbooks: the gender issues

This paper examines the nature and extent of gender stereotyping, both linguistic and pictorial, in a set of 10 Australian English‐language textbooks for intermediate learners. In order to determine how accurately the books reflect the status of women in contemporary Australian society a content and linguistic analysis was conducted, focusing on, amongst other things, the ratio of male to female characters, the portrayal of women and men in social and domestic settings, the use of gender‐inclusive expressions, and the ordering of items in female/male symmetrical constructions. Despite the generally high level of sensitivity to gender issues displayed by most of the writers, the findings suggest that the ideal of a truly balanced treatment of men and women has yet to be achieved.     

‘Maintaining competence’: a grounded theory typology of approaches to teaching in higher education

This paper presents a contingency theory of approaches to teaching in Higher Education adopted by university academics who teach heterogeneous student cohorts within a changing university context. The study is located within the substantive context of academics within Australian universities who teach within the broad field of management studies. Orthodox grounded theory is employed to generate a contingency typology comprised of four separate teaching approaches: Distancing, Adapting, Clarifying, and Relating. The model demonstrates how academics utilise a variety of teaching approaches to address their ‘main concern’, namely maintaining their professional competence within the context of a rapidly changing university landscape and significantly heterogeneous groups of students. We have labelled this process ‘Maintaining Competence’. This model stresses the importance of the twin forces of structure and individual agency in determining teaching approaches. It emphasises the value of analysing what academics actually do in the classroom situation, rather than concentrating on normative assumptions of what they should do in terms of best practice.     

Sources of satisfaction and stress among Indigenous academic teachers: findings from a national Australian study

Academics of Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander descent are few in number but play a vital role in Australian university teaching. In addition to teaching both Indigenous and non-Indigenous students, they interact with academic colleagues in a context where pressures to “Indigenize” Australian curricula and increase Indigenous enrolments are growing. In this article, we will draw on our nation-wide research with Indigenous academics to further explore this under-researched area of Australian university teaching, and the highs and lows of how Indigenous teachers experience their roles. Our findings reveal that for our Indigenous colleagues, sources of personal and professional satisfaction – as well as stress – appear qualitatively different from those commonly associated with academic work. Of particular concern are the findings in relation to issues of cultural difference on our campuses, played out in the ways Indigenous and non-Indigenous staff and students interact daily. Counterbalancing this potential negativity is the strong, indeed inspiring, commitment on the part of our Indigenous academic participants to the educational futures of their students, and thus, to the futures of Indigenous communities across Australia. The findings raise some thought-provoking questions for individuals and institutions in the higher education systems of our region, and perhaps beyond.     

Ways of life: Knowledge transfer and Aboriginal heritage trails

Abstract

Aboriginal Heritage Trails are a growing phenomenon in Australia. They come in all shapes and sizes, from mere signage to—in the case of the famous Lurujarri trail out of Broome, Western Australia—a nine-day immersive experience walking the beach with one of the Goolarabooloo family groups. Here people experience the beautiful Indian Ocean coastline, extensive dinosaur footprints, storytelling, and meals of freshly caught fish, mangrove crab, dugong and turtle.

These trails are far more than ‘tourism products’. For the Aboriginal families, with all ages present, they enact inter-generational knowledge transfer. Academic disciplines also change when they are ‘on Country’: Palaeontologists learn that the dinosaur footprints are also the traces of the emu ancestor, marala, and their discipline adjusts its epistemological parameters accordingly. Aboriginal walking trails have the potential to change every discipline willing to ‘re-boot’ on a territorial, rather than global, scale.

Walking with one’s arts of paying attention on alert deepens and extends both European and Aboriginal knowledge, as they find agencies that can transfer and translate the multi-functionality inherent in the ecological ‘pluriverse’ that is this continent-wide network of dreaming tracks. Could this experiential model of knowledge transfer represent a path away from the nineteenth-century model of knowledge collection, storage and display that we find in universities and museums?     

澳大利亚TAFE发展历程及其对我国的启示

澳大利亚现代历史非常短暂,20世纪之前该国基本上处于殖民地状态。虽然澳大利亚高等职业教育发展历程和该国的发展史一样短暂,但是其独特的TAFE却是世界高等职业教育发展史上的一朵奇葩。TAFE培养模式的重点是造就可以适应各种工作需要的,具有可适性、创造性的高技能劳动者。     

借鉴国际现代体能训练理论与实践,促进我国体能训练科学化水平的提升

通过对美国体能训练基本状况、专家授课内容和我国教练员学习收获的分析,探讨现代体能训练的特点以及发展方向,为提高我国体能训练科学化水平提供思路和依据。结果显示:先进性、系统性、复合性、专项性、精细型和规范性是美国体能训练的特点,我国教练员需要不断更新观念、提高素质才能切实掌握现代体能训练的基本理论、方法和手段,促进我国体能训练的科学化水平。     

澳大利亚、新西兰、新加坡和丹麦国家图书馆网站隐私政策比较研究

澳大利亚国家图书馆、新西兰国家图书馆、新加坡国家图书馆和丹麦皇家图书馆网站的隐私政策涉及用户信息收集的内容与目的、收集方法、个人信息的共享性、用户的权利、儿童隐私、信息安全与免责声明。经过比较分析,发现其有许多可取之处,也存在一些不足,但仍对我国图书馆界保护用户隐私具有借鉴意义。