澳大利亚《可持续发展课程框架》的特点与启示

2010年5月澳大利亚联邦政府颁布《可持续发展课程框架》,作为相关课程开发者和政策制定者的指导性文件。该框架依据可持续发展行动过程、生态和人类系统的知识、实践的指令系统三大结构对三个学龄段的可持续发展课程进行了描述,具有实践性、发展性、协调性和弹性强等特点。其对中国中小学更好地推进可持续发展教育有如下启示:依托特定课程实施可持续发展教育,建立可持续课程框架;凸显课程开发实践性特点,加强可持续发展行为产生机制研究;建构可持续发展课程内容体系,加强儿童可持续发展学习心理研究。     

美国“大学本位”教师教育危机及其改革走向

近年来,面对教师数量短缺和质量下降双重困局,美国大学本位教师教育遭受自创建以来的最大危机,教师教育培养质量低劣,课程设置缺乏实效性;大学教育学院强调学术性而忽视专业性等。同时大学本位教师教育模式受到美国教师教育解制运动的抨击,美国教师教育重心下移也弱化大学本位教师教育合理性。美国大学教育学院通过提倡合作理念,走向专业学院,重建教育教学知识基础,整合教师教育课程等措施来化解教师教育危机。     

新课程背景下中澳两国数学教师教学能力的比较研究——以加强数与代数学习之间的衔接为例

中国与澳大利亚最新的国家数学课程标准都特别强调数与代数学习衔接的重性。运用问卷,从以下四个方面分析、比较中澳两国数学教师在这一问题上的教学能力:相关数学知识,对数学课程标准理念的解读,对学生数学思考的理解,短期与长期的教学计划。结果表明,中澳数学教师在总体能力上水平相近,中国教师对于数学知识的理解更为清晰,而澳大利亚教师则在对学生数学思考的理解上表现得更好。与此同时,在推行国家数学课程标准时,教师教学能力是一个不容忽视的关键因素。     

美国教育标准化改革现状及其启示

20世纪80年代美国教育界的标准化改革运动对当今美国教育影响极大.此次改革以确定学生学术标准为核心,涉及六个方面的内容.尽管此次运动在“标准”的设定、测验使用等方面仍存在争议,但它在促进教育公平、完善教育标准、推进测验发展等领域对美国教育的影响和作用是巨大的.美国教育的标准化运动为我国教育的改革与发展提供了可资借鉴的经验.     

Preparing ‘educational’ leaders in managerialist times: an Australian story

The preparation of educational leaders is a global phenomenon. Education systems have developed numerous means by which current and aspiring leaders are prepared for the role. Through the example of a large public school system in Australia, this paper argues that the doxa of school leadership establishes a particular identity of the principalship. One which constructs the principal as the deliverer of state initiated reforms. Theoretically informed by Bourdieu, this paper argues for an alternate way of thinking about leadership preparation, one based on introducing participants to the conversation of the world.     

澳大利亚职业教育的市场化

受西方新自由主义思潮、国际和国内政治与经济发展、劳动力就业市场和经济全球化等因素的影响,澳大利亚政府将市场法则引入职业教育领域,运用市场化机制建立多元职教经费体系,较好地解决了经费不足问题;以市场需求为导向设置专业,促使职教逐渐形成主体与方式的多元化格局;充分挖掘市场潜力,利用社会力量来招聘职教师资;提供政策与法律保障,推动了职教市场化发展.     

容闳的尴尬地位与中国幼童驻美肄业局的命运

晚清留美幼童的命运充满了时代的悲剧色彩．而作为他们前辈和引路人的容闳，其在中国政界的地位也十分尴尬——既要做实际工作，又不能主持大局、所以，当清廷决意撤销肄业局时，无论蓉闳做出多么大的努力，也挽救不了中国驻美肄业局中途夭折的命运。而李鸿章在任用容闳问题上的一波三折，反映了洋务派官僚中坚人物在近代中国社会转型期的困窘与作为。     

以学生为本的美国高校教育制度——兼与我国高校的比较

在美国,学生是高等教育的中心。从高校的招生制度、学生的专业选择、学分制度、课程安排、课堂教学和大学生就读调查等方面比较中美两国大学教育体制的差异,论述美国大学以学生为本的教育理念。     

Sex education and transgender youth: ‘Trust Means Material By and For Queer and Trans People’

The sex education made available to transgender youth has rarely been studied empirically. In this study, we sought to explore the sex education experiences of transgender young people and summarise their recommendations for transgender-inclusive curricula. Qualitative data from 14 transgender youth in the upper-Midwest USA were collected by means of an online questionnaire and group interview. Data was analysed using a consensual qualitative approach. Three themes emerged: (1) sources and reactions to sex education, (2) the importance of trust, and (3) missing information and recommendations. Sources and reactions to sex education included sexual health information sources and the strategies participants employed to supplement the sex education they received. Trust included trustworthy information sources and strong qualities of sexual health resources. Missing information and recommendations included unmet sex education needs, including the scope of information and from whom the information is delivered. Findings suggest that important curricular considerations include the diversity of content, but also the diversity of voices delivering it.     

Mississippi college students’ attitudes,willingness to intervene and legal knowledge toward sexual assault

Sexual assault on college campuses has been a longstanding problem in the USA. Unfortunately, relatively little has been done to look at the characteristics of these attacks and how they might relate to knowledge of sexual assault policies, participation in sex education courses, beliefs toward sexual violence, and willingness to intervene if an attempted assault is observed. In response to this need, data were collected from college students from four universities in the state of Mississippi. A request to participate in an online, anonymous questionnaire was sent through email and listservs, and a total of 4,994 undergraduate students completed the survey. A significant relationship was found between men’s sexual attitudes and understanding of legal terms and their willingness to intervene if a sexual assault occurred; less legal knowledge and higher rape myth attitudes reduced their probability of being willing to intervene. Conversely, students who had received education at college on how to prevent a sexual assault from occurring were significantly to report being willing to intervene.