红十三军失败原因探析

中国工农红军第十三军，是第二次国内革命战争时期经中共中央军委批准，按全国红军序列组建起来，是全国十四支红军队伍之一。然而，作为唯一一支失败的红军队伍，很有必要探索其失败的原因，以便从中总结经验教训，以启示后继着。     

Resources, capabilities, risk capital and the creation of university spin-out companies

The commercialization of university research has become an increasingly important issue, given concerns regarding licensing and the university's desire to maximize the returns to intellectual property (IP). In this paper, we assess the impact of university resources and routines/capabilities on the creation of spin-out companies. We find that both the number of spin-out companies created and the number of spin-out companies created with equity investment are significantly positively associated with expenditure on intellectual property protection, the business development capabilities of technology transfer offices and the royalty regime of the university. These results highlight the importance not just of resource stocks, but also of developing appropriate capabilities of technology transfer officers in spinning-out companies. The results suggest that universities and policy-makers need to devote attention to the training and recruitment of technology officers with the broad base of commercial skills.     

Extramural research grants and scientists’ funding strategies: Beggars cannot be choosers?

Although competitive funding of public research has been characterised as providing output incentives that raise efficiency and productivity, we know very little about whether the quality of a scientist's research is in fact the primary award criterion on which funding bodies base their grant decision. This paper provides insights into scientists’ strategies for obtaining project-based research funding in the presence of multiple funding opportunities. It draws a distinction between four types of grants, including the Sixth Framework Programme for Research and Technological Development (FP6), government, foundation, and industry grants. Based on a sample of more than 800 scientists at universities and public research institutes in Germany, the results indicate that scientist productivity measured in terms of publication and patent stock is a statistically significant determinant only for obtaining foundation and industry grants while the award of an FP6 or government grant is influenced by other characteristics. The results further show that the different grants are not complementary, i.e. scientists specialise in certain grants. In this respect, the analysis informs science, technology and innovation policy about potential discrepancies between policy rhetoric, stipulated award criteria, and actual funding outcomes which makes it possible to fine-tune the debate on how public research should be financed.     

社科研究力量分布变化态势研究——基于“十三五”国家社科基金年度项目和青年项目统计分析

以"十三五"国家社科基金年度项目和青年项目为研究对象,通过分析项目申报情况,立项项目类别,所属系统、地区、学科、单位分布,同时与"十二五"情况进行比较,研究发现,项目申报和立项总体上呈现稳定上涨趋势;高校依旧是承担项目研究的主要系统,居于主体地位;项目立项东强、中西弱的局面依然存在;中国社科院的整体研究实力超强,一些重点高校在单项学科中优势明显,特色突出,表现不俗.建议,继续加大投入,扩大申报限额数,提高项目立项率,向青年项目倾斜;繁荣高校哲学社会科学,加快建设高校新型智库;继续向中西部倾斜;设置交叉学科项目;加强基础学科建设,促进学科协调发展;提高项目管理的科学化水平.     

天津市备战十三届全运会竞技实力分析与非专项训练因素调控对策研究

运用帕累托分析法、文献资料法和逻辑分析法,分析天津近三届全运会竞技实力特征、奖牌项目分布、优势与潜优势项目特征,掌握天津竞技体育现状和影响天津备战工作成效的各非专项训练因素。研究表明,天津竞技整体实力总排名和获牌项目稳定,奖牌覆盖面较低,获牌项目以技能主导类项目为主,男女获牌项目存在差异。备战任务的艰巨性与特殊性要求在强化专项训练的同时,更需加强对非专项训练因素的调控。建议建立体育人才综合开发调配系统、物资筹集保障系统、科技支撑与保障系统,进一步完善奖牌布局,成立制度体系研发部门和运动员文化教育中心。     

基于“十三五”实践的我国城市体育场地设施发展策略

运用质性研究等方法,研究"十三五"时期我国体育场地设施发展与执行实效,分析不足并提出发展策略。发展与执行实效:体育建设用地得到保障,投入大笔资金支持,出台助推发展政策文件,大力新建体育场地设施,积极向外扩充体育活动空间,着力盘活闲置体育场所。发展不足:中心城区发展规划不足,PPP模式运作不成熟,住宅小区场地设施发展目标不明确,缺乏智能化发展规划,户外场地设施发展规划不完善,盘活现有资源的路径有限。发展策略:体育用地和经费支持向中心城区倾斜,推进城市公共体育服务市场化,明确小区场地设施发展目标,重视智能化建设,推进户外场地设施建设,盘活城市闲置体育场馆。