基于PVAR模型的长江中游城市群新型城镇化与科技创新关联性分析

基于2005—2014年长江中游城市群28个城市的面板数据,运用PVAR模型对新型城镇化与科技创新间的关联性进行估计,结果显示:科技创新有助于新型城镇化的发展,且近期的科技创新对新型城镇化的影响程度为正,较远期的科技创新会对新型城镇化的发展产生反向效果;新型城镇化的发展有利于科技创新,远期影响为正,中期影响效应变为负,近期又会由负转正。即科技创新与新型城镇化之间的动态关联关系具有时滞性,前期两者之间的互动效应为负,随时间的推移两者之间的影响由负转正;且新型城镇化对科技创新的影响效应强于科技创新对新型城镇化的影响效应,两者的互动关系存在较强的区域差异性。     

知识集成对城市轨道交通施工安全风险管理系统功能影响分析

为实现施工安全风险管理领域知识集成的发展,借助系统论、控制论与信息论分析城市轨道交通施工安全风险管理系统结构及功能实现过程,再以信息约束为切入点,研究知识集成改善信息约束后对系统功能的影响。研究结果表明,知识集成对系统功能的影响包括管理主体对风险认识更加客观、风险决策更加及时和风险管控行为更加合理三方面。     

长三角城市群旅游流潜力格局演变及其影响因素

旅游流潜力格局是影响城市群旅游空间竞合关系协调与一体化发展的根本基础。基于旅游供需系统视角,利用GIS和改进的旅游流潜力模型研究2000年、2010年两个时间点长三角城市群旅游流潜力格局的空间变化特征,利用离散指数和Zipf分维数研究旅游流潜力格局变化的等级秩序特征,并利用积矩相关与秩相关系数分析不同因素对旅游流潜力格局变化的影响差异。研究发现：①长三角城市群旅游流潜力格局整体呈现出以扩散为主的等级结构均衡化演变特征,上海、杭州的扩散特征显著,长三角中心区域的苏州、嘉兴、常州、无锡等城市的旅游流潜力集聚提升明显;②长三角城市群旅游流潜力分布具有非均衡、多层极核的结构特征,核心-边缘模式是解释长三角旅游流潜力格局的基本模式;③旅游流潜力格局的等级秩序存在幂律分布和分形特征,进一步证实说明旅游现象中可能普遍存在幂次法则和分形发育;④旅游业水平与旅游流潜力的等级相关性和影响程度最高,人口分布、时间距离的影响程度一般,但都呈现出不断增强趋势,影响因子体系之间的紧凑性和结构效率整体增强,说明长三角城市群旅游发展的整体服务效率和旅游流竞合格局趋于优化;⑤旅游流潜力与城市经济发展水平之间存在显著性相关并随时间变化呈现出一定程度的增强趋势,证实经济发展水平是影响城市旅游流潜力的重要变量,也相应说明了本文旅游流潜力模型具有有效性和实用性。     

欠发达地区乡村空间重构及规划策略——以安徽省池州市为例

随着城市化进入加速时期,旨在解决三农问题的乡村空间重构和规划是当今中国必须面对和亟待解决的现实课题。欠发达地区乡村社会转型滞后、小城镇空间集聚功能弱、村庄空废化等问题凸显。社会主义新农村建设为乡村空间重构提供了契机,乡村空间重构是新农村建设的现实路径选择。城乡统筹规划是乡村空间重构的立足点,整合重点城镇发展空间是乡村空间重构规划的关键,整治村庄生产与生活空间是乡村空间重构规划的重点,改造传统农业是乡村空间重构规划的重要内容。     

Student Attitudes Toward Impairment and Accessibility: an Evaluation of Awareness Training for Urban Planning Students

Within the urban planning profession, designing for the needs of people with impairments has rarely been a significant feature of planning theory and instruction. Given the role of urban planners in affecting the opinions of policy-makers and the public, the prevalence of negative and misinformed attitudes among planning professionals toward impaired populations has been highlighted as requiring study. This paper reports on the effectiveness of awareness training with regard to its influence on the attitudes of urban planning students toward the needs of people with impairments and accessible design. Using an established attitude assessment instrument (the Attitudes Towards Disablement Scale), pre and post-awareness training data were collected from 112 urban planning students. Results from the present study suggest that awareness training can result in significant attitude changes, independent of the student’s gender or prior familiarity with impairment. The paper concludes with recommendations and caveats for planning education and research.

公共图书馆在提升城市竞争力中的作用

论文通过分析公共图书馆与产业集聚力、社会整合力、创新力、文化力等城市竞争力构成因素的关联性。揭示了公共图书馆对于提升城市竞争力的积极作用。     

When marketisation and privatisation clash with socialist ideals: Educational inequality in Urban China

In the last two decades, China's education has experienced significant transformations and restructuring on account of privatization and marketization. Unlike the Mao era when the state assumed the major responsibilities in financing and providing education, individuals and families have now to bear increasing financial burdens in paying for education. The marketization and privatization of education has undoubtedly intensified educational inequalities and widened regional disparities between the economically developed areas in the eastern coast and the less economically developed areas in the middle and north-western parts of the country. The growing inequalities in education and the increasing financial burdens presented by education have been a source of social discontentment, which have in turn prompted the central government to revisit its approaches to educational development. This article sets out to examine, how in this wider policy context, China's education has been transformed following the adoption of more pro-competition and market-oriented reform measures. This article is based on intensive secondary data analysis, fieldwork observations, and findings from a household survey conducted in eight different Chinese cities about people's perceived education hardship. The article concludes by considering how the Chinese government has attempted to address the problems of educational inequalities that have intensified on account of two decades of education marketization.     

“Spinning Themselves into Poetry”: Images of Urban Adolescent Writers in Two Novels for Young Adults

In contrast to the educational research and policy literature depicting urban adolescents as reluctant and struggling readers and writers, young people in recent young adult novels claim writing as an efficacious practice for self-discovery and social understanding. Analysis of the images of writers and writing in Locomotion and Call Me María provide insights into both urban adolescents and literacies as social practices. Framed by New Literacy Studies, analysis of the novels finds that the characters use writing to document and process life-altering events; to seek meaning and inspiration in their surroundings; to resist ascribed identities; and to search for a sense of belonging in the sociopolitical landscape in which they are often marginalized due to their race, gender, youth, and/or language. This article argues that the novels humanize and dramatize adolescent literacies in ways that test results and crisis language often disguise and distort.     

城乡教育资源均衡配置发展策略——基于综合战略政策分析

在落实科学发展观、建设教育强国,促进教育健康和谐发展的过程中,城乡教育资源均衡配置面临着前所未有的机遇和挑战。本文借鉴"PEST分析模型"和综合战略政策分析法,归纳城乡教育资源配置现状,总结城乡教育资源配置均衡发展的优势和劣势,探寻其发展可能存在的机会和威胁,从而确定开拓进取型、支持引导型、加强型和防御完善型等四大综合发展战略。     

师范大学资源环境与城乡规划管理专业发展研究——以山西师范大学为例

本文采用网上调查、电话调查和典型调研等方法,分析了我国23所师范类院校资源环境与城乡规划管理专业的发展状况,并以山西师范大学为例,研究了该专业存在的主要问题及其产生机制。结果显示：师范大学资源环境与城乡规划管理专业存在社会需求的多样性与学生知识和技能单一性的矛盾,表现为学生规划能力偏低、与社会需求脱节、缺乏“人文”精神。因此提出加强学科优势建设、科学配置课程和调整培养阶段的改革思路。