欧盟职业教育教师能力结构标准及其启示

职业教育教师能力结构标准研究是当前职业教育研究的重要课题。近年来,欧盟多数成员国职业教育领域合作不断增强,欧盟职业教育教师能力结构标准研究取得新进展。新能力结构标准涵盖管理、培训、发展与质量保证,以及工作关系网构建等能力领域。其特点表现为在职业教育教师能力要求上突出工作关系网构建能力、增强团队合作能力、重视培训能力以及强调管理能力等。此能力结构标准内容及特点对我国职业教育改革具有启示意义。     

Active social policy meets the discipline of the Australian marketplace: the outcomes of mobile policies

Many advanced market democracies pursue social justice by bundling together a range of programmes represented as active social policy. Northern European exemplars sanction employment as an economic and social citizen’s civic obligation, promote lifelong learning and place welfare payments as a last resort. In the United States, market-based post-school education financed by guaranteed student loans was developed as a policy alternative. Australian politicians have embraced elements of both, resulting in a massive reduction in public delivery of vocational education and training in favour of multimillion dollar, stock exchange-listed private providers. The resultant amalgam of active labour market policy and free market principles positions standard setting as a regulatory mechanism and in support of cross-jurisdictional market operations. This paper explores the interaction between active policy and demands of the market while speaking to wider issues that arise when a government first creates and then intervenes in markets.     

Engagement,conduct of life and dropouts in the Danish vocational education and training (VET) system

This study provides support for the idea that school engagement is a central concept when trying to understand the dropout process. One of the strengths of this concept is that it involves understanding dropping out as a process, rather than as an event. However, the concept of school engagement also presents a number of problems. It tends to be functionalistic in nature: Processes of students’ school engagement and disengagement are partly the consequences of institutional initiatives – for example, how teachers act or how the school environment is organised. Furthermore, mainstream dropout researchers formulate the concept of engagement both simplistically and mechanistically by seeing engagement as something that the students possess to varying degrees. Inspired by critical psychology, this study includes a different concept of student engagement: We must take the students’ life conduct as the point of departure when approaching their school engagement and decision to drop out. The theoretical claims in the paper are substantiated by empirical results from 160 interviews with vocational educational and training (VET) students in the Danish VET system, and this paper will show how school engagement is closely related to the events in the other contextual settings of students’ lives.     

标准视域下职教师范生职业能力培养现状与对策

以S高校为例,对标《中等职业教育专业师范生教师职业能力标准（试行）》,调查分析专升本职教师范生职业能力现状和培养状况。结果表明,职教师资培养院校在培养过程中存在培养目标契合度不够、教师教育与学科专业教育课程割裂、跨界协作欠稳固、师资队伍双师素质缺乏等问题。因此,职教师资培养院校应以“三性”培养为主线,深化高本“三二分段”职教师资联合培养;以专业发展为导向,增强教师教育课程与学科专业教育课程的契合度;以实践技能为重点,构建稳固深层的跨界协作培养模式;以双师素质为基础,加强教师队伍专业素质能力建设。     

Licencing and training reform in the Australian aircraft maintenance industry

The training and licencing of aircraft maintenance engineers fulfils a crucial protective function since it is they who perform and supervise aircraft maintenance and certify that planes are safe afterwards. In Australia, prior to training reform, a trades-based system of aircraft maintenance engineer training existed in an orderly relation with the system of licencing, regulated by the Civil Aviation Safety Authority (CASA). Training reform through the 1990s gave rise to concerns that the training system could not be relied upon to deliver adequate numbers of trainees with valid qualifications. From 2007, CASA introduced new regulations, designed to align Australia’s qualifications and licencing with the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA). This process saw the aviation regulator effectively cede much quality control of training to an increasingly dysfunctional training system, giving rise to doubts about whether Australia’s international obligations for quality aircraft maintenance training can be fulfilled.     

工学结合职业教育人才培养模式研究

工学结合人才培养模式是中国特色职业教育核心概念及"天津模式"的本质特征。工学结合人才培养模式,已被提到国家政策、制度层面,相关文件多次提及。温总理2007年《政府工作报告》强调:"深化职业教育管理体制改革,建立行业、企业、学校共同参与的机制,推行工学结合、校企合作的办学模式";《国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要2010-2020》写入:"把提高质量作为重点。以服务为宗旨,以就业为导向,推进教育教学改革。实行工学结合、校企合作、顶岗实习的人才培养模式"。基于上述要求和任务,《工学结合职业教育人才培养模式研究》在现状分析的基础上,从国家层面、学校和企业三个层次分析并提出我国工学结合人才培养模式的核心内容和基本思路,以及适合我国工学结合培养模式的保障措施、方法和建议,力图为我国职教培养模式的构建和创新提供参考。     

终身教育理念背景下的澳大利亚职业与技术教育改革

20世纪澳大利亚职业与技术教育的改革深受终身学习与终身教育理念的影响,确立了特征鲜明的职业教育与培训的体制、机制以及教学培训的模式和评估标准。职业教育国家框架的建立明确了澳大利亚职业教育与培训与初等教育、中等教育以及高等教育的衔接关系。澳大利亚职业与技术教育的改革经验对我国发展职业教育、构筑终身教育体系具有重要的借鉴意义。     

Towards Inclusive Learning Environments (TILE): Developing the ‘Roadmap for the Inclusion of Students with Special Educational Needs in Vocational Education and Workplace Settings’

Twenty years after UNESCO's Salamanca Statement enshrined international action for provision for children, youth and adults with special educational needs within the regular educational system, this article presents the current underpinning international and national UK context for developing inclusion in vocational education and training and workplace settings. This context is explored through the justification for developing an EU‐funded project entitled ‘Towards Inclusive Learning Environments (TILE)’ and the creation of an associated audit tool, the ′Roadmap for Inclusion′, by a partnership group consisting of universities and VET settings from Finland, the Czech Republic, Estonia and England.