Comparability of the Social Skills Improvement System to the Social Skills Rating System: A Norwegian Study

The Social Skills Improvement System-Rating Scales (SSIS-RS) is a multi-informant instrument assessing social skills and problem behavior in children and adolescents. It is a revised version of the Social Skills Rating System (SSRS). A Norwegian translation of the SSRS has been validated, but this has not yet been done for the Norwegian translation of the SSIS-RS. This study compared the Norwegian versions of the SSRS and the SSIS-RS administered to samples of children (aged 8–12 and 13–16?years) and their parents and teachers (n = 599). The results indicated moderate to strong relations between the common subscales across all forms of the two instruments and acceptable to excellent internal consistency across all common subscales. We conclude that the SSIS-RS is a good instrument for measuring social skills and problem behavior among children and adolescents in Norway.     

“目的论”与“功能对等论”比较

德国功能派翻译理论的奠基理论———“目的论”和美国语言学派翻译理论家奈达的核心理论“功能对等论”有其相似之处,也有其不同之处。本文试从两者的“同”入手,着重谈二者的“异”。通过对这两种翻译理论的比较研究,旨在说明前者在一定程度上克服了后者的缺陷,拓宽了翻译研究视角,是对后者的重大突破和重要补充。     

西方翻译等值研究评述

翻译等值问题一直是现代翻译学中的重要议题,西方语言学翻译派对等值理论进行了系统的研究,极大地促进了翻译研究的发展,但国内外围绕它进行的讨论也始终没有停止过。本文综述了西方翻译等值研究,认为翻译等值并不是指原文与译文的绝对对称,而是在某些层次,一定程度上的对应。对翻译文本的研究,必然离不开对原文与译文关系的讨论,等值将始终是原文与译文关系中的中心话题和重要的翻译标准。     

功能对等论视角下《老友记》字幕翻译

影视字幕翻译是一个新领域。以奈达的功能对等翻译理论为基础,通过研究《老友记》字幕的翻译,分析如何在字幕翻译中应用功能对等理论使译入语观众更好地理解影视作品同时了解译语国社会文化生活,并且研究能够传递等值效果的翻译策略。     

Quantitative content analysis procedures to analyse students’ reflective essays: A methodological review of psychometric and edumetric aspects

Reflective essays are a common way to develop higher education students’ reflection ability. Researchers frequently analyse reflective essays based on quantitative content analysis procedures (QCA). However, the quality criteria that should be met in QCA are not straightforward. This article aims to: (1) develop a framework of quality requirements for QCA; and (2) explore the extent to which QCA studies of students’ reflective essays meet these quality requirements. First, a methodological review of psychometric and edumetric criteria for QCA is conducted, resulting in a framework with required quality criteria. Second, 18 studies were selected in which QCA was used to analyse students’ reflective essays. These studies were scrutinised using the developed framework. The results showed that none of the selected studies met all requirements. It is concluded that QCA procedures for analysing students’ reflective essays need improvement and that the developed framework can be used to improve and evaluate these procedures.     

lP2∪T(1,1,n)的伴随等价图类

利用伴随多项式的最小实数根的性质完整刻画了lP2∪T(1,1,n)(n≥1)的伴随等价图类.     

“论康德的”意志就是实践理性

"意志就是实践理性"表达了意志与理性在超验立法层面的等同,也即纯粹意志与纯粹实践理性的等同。这种等同使人的纯粹意志成为规范性法则的来源,进而表明了道德规范的自因性和自律性。纯粹意志自律的过程是规范性法则生成的过程,同时这一过程也可看作纯粹意志的超越性力量在规范性法则上的凝结和确认,换言之,人的内生性的自由力量外化和呈现为道德性的规范法则,进言之,自律概念内部实现着超越性与规范性的转化与统一。康德把纯粹意志作为一种超验的规范意志的做法,使其哲学呈现出浓厚的意志主义色彩,这直接影响了叔本华的意志主义哲学。     

Effects of multimedia on psychometric characteristics of cognitive tests: A comparison between technology-based and paper-based modalities

The study aims to investigate the effects of delivery modalities on psychometric characteristics and student performance on cognitive tests. A first study assessed the inductive reasoning ability of 715 students under the supervision of teachers. A second study examined 731 students’ performance on the application of the control-of-variables strategy in basic physics but without teacher supervision due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Rasch measurement showed that the online format fitted to the data better in the unidimensional model across two conditions. Under teacher supervision, paper-based testing was better than online testing in terms of reliability and total scores, but contradictory findings were found in turn without teacher supervision. Although measurement invariance was confirmed between two versions at item level, the differential bundle functioning analysis supported the online groups on the item bundles constructed of figure-related materials. Response time was also discussed as an advantage of technology-based assessment for test development.