网络环境下高校图书馆的创新模式

针对网络技术给高校图书馆传统模式带来的冲击，文章从图书馆的服务、管理、藏书地位及馆员角色转变的几个方面，对高校图书馆的创新发展进行客观理智的思考，并在新的层面上作一些探索。     

信息源中专业词语的提取方法

通过对人收集、识别词组和短语过程的分析,给出了利用计算机在大量信息源中自动查找词组和短语的方法.在此基础上给出了专业信息资源(如专业书籍、论文等)中专业词组及短语的提取方法,解决了计算机处理短语困难的问题.实验结果证明这是一种有效的方法.     

Key phrase aware transformer for abstractive summarization

Abstractive summarization aims to generate a concise summary covering salient content from single or multiple text documents. Many recent abstractive summarization methods are built on the transformer model to capture long-range dependencies in the input text and achieve parallelization. In the transformer encoder, calculating attention weights is a crucial step for encoding input documents. Input documents usually contain some key phrases conveying salient information, and it is important to encode these phrases completely. However, existing transformer-based summarization works did not consider key phrases in input when determining attention weights. Consequently, some of the tokens within key phrases only receive small attention weights, which is not conducive to encoding the semantic information of input documents. In this paper, we introduce some prior knowledge of key phrases into the transformer-based summarization model and guide the model to encode key phrases. For the contextual representation of each token in the key phrase, we assume the tokens within the same key phrase make larger contributions compared with other tokens in the input sequence. Based on this assumption, we propose the Key Phrase Aware Transformer (KPAT), a model with the highlighting mechanism in the encoder to assign greater attention weights for tokens within key phrases. Specifically, we first extract key phrases from the input document and score the phrases’ importance. Then we build the block diagonal highlighting matrix to indicate these phrases’ importance scores and positions. To combine self-attention weights with key phrases’ importance scores, we design two structures of highlighting attention for each head and the multi-head highlighting attention. Experimental results on two datasets (Multi-News and PubMed) from different summarization tasks and domains show that our KPAT model significantly outperforms advanced summarization baselines. We conduct more experiments to analyze the impact of each part of our model on the summarization performance and verify the effectiveness of our proposed highlighting mechanism.     

涵事介词短语的生成及其构句机制

根据介词的不同,涵事介词短语蕴含句可分为涵事＂把＂字句和＂用＂字句两种类型。前者由涵事宾语整体前移或分裂前移而生成,后者则只能由涵事宾语整体前移而生成。这两种涵事介词短语蕴含句,由于标记涵事的介词不同,其述谓成分、谓核动词的句法与语义特征以及主宾语的语义类别都存在着差异;涵事介词短语与其他句法成分在句法、语义上的相互选择与匹配,都有其自身的特点,存在着不同的构句机制。     

由扩展法看"离合词"

在现代汉语的语言中,有一些似词非词的语言现象,这类词被称为“离合词”.离合说是指运用扩展法认定有关复合词具有“可离可合”的特点的一种语法分析理论.但笔者认为事实上无离合词.笔者将从扩展法论述该问题.     

汉至清之“比”字句

汉至清三个时期的“比”字句均能表示平比、较比、差比三种比较关系,结构丰富,各有特点。“比”字相应地为等比动词、一般行为动词、介词。三种“比‘字句在各个时期出现频率的高低,标志着它们各自地位的不同,勾勒出“比”字句的演变轨迹。     

试论主谓主语句

主谓主语句就是主谓短语作主语的句子,它至今还没有一个正式的名分.按照传统划分句式的方法,从谓语的角度,可以把这种句子分为四类大谓语是动词性短语;大谓语是形容词或形容词性短语;大谓语是体词性短语;大谓语是主谓短语等.     

Correlates of verbally aggressive communication in adolescents

This investigation identifies demographic, media, and social correlates of verbally aggressive communication in adolescence. Mail surveys were completed and returned by 2,300 adolescents between the ages of 13 and 15. These adolescents were asked about the prevalence of verbal and physical aggression, the context in which it occurred, demographics, and the interpersonal and media influences in their lives. The results indicate that verbal aggression is widespread, that committing and experiencing verbal aggression is largely reciprocal, that there is a strong relationship between committing verbal and physical aggression, and that peer social influence and listening to violently oriented music are mildly related to verbal aggression in adolescents. These findings suggest more resources should be allocated to teaching adolescents to understand and control verbal aggression. Further, they provide important answers to many prevention and intervention programmatic questions, including context, content, and targeting concerns. Since the negative consequences of verbal aggression are severe and long lasting, decreasing this destructive communication behavior should significantly improve the lives of many adolescents. These and other practical implications are expanded upon and discussed.     

汉语成语中数词英译之我见

含有数词的成语在汉语成语中占有举足轻重的地位。在翻译这些数词时需要区分数词的实指与虚指以及相应的文化内涵．这样才能比较完整地传达汉语成语的意义。汉语成语中数词的恰当翻译有助于准确地传达汉语成语的意义及其文化内涵。     

优秀男子跳远运动员起跳动作运动学与肌电的特征

选取以快速力量为代表的跳远起跳技术动作作为研究动作,利用先进的运动生物力学设备进行同步实验,获取运动员起跳过程中的运动学和肌电学指标参数,运用生物学和生物力学理论进行分析,以探讨起跳动作神经肌肉工作的专项特征,将有助于推动跳远专项力量训练由粗犷型向集约型的转化,提高运动训练过程的科学化水平,为我国竞技体育训练实践提供理论指导。