网上信息资源分布及查询案例分析

本文在分析按机构划分的网上信息资源内容分布及特点的基础上,探讨了网上信息资源查询的基本策略。最后,借助实例介绍了具体的查询方法。     

The effects of first language orthographic features on word recognition processing in English as a second language

This study investigated the possible effects of first language (L1) orthographic characteristics on word recognition in English as a second language (ESL). Case alternation was used to examine the impact of visually distorted words of different types on fluent ESL readers' word recognition in naming. Visual distortion of word shape (i.e., cAsE aLtErNaTiOn) was utilized because, although visually distorted words have lost word-shape cues, they preserve the cue value of words (i.e., spelling patterns). It, therefore, was hypothesized that if one is sensitive to alphabetic orthography, or if one's inner mechanism of processing an alphabetic word is efficient, then the visual disruption of word-shape cues should not affect one's sensitivity to sequences of letters in words. In other words, this study focused on the magnitude of the effect of case alternation in word recognition as an index of the sensitivity to alphabetic words. Results showed that the magnitude of the case alternation effect in a naming task was significantly larger for the ESL participants whose L1 is not alphabetic (i.e., Chinese and Japanese) than the ESL participants whose L1 is alphabetic (i.e., Iranians -- Persian as L1). This result seems to indicate that the Persian speakers, due to the facilitating influence of their L1 orthography, were less influenced by case alternation than the Chinese and Japanese speakers, whose L1 orthographies are not alphabetic. This finding suggests that the first language orthographic features affect the orthographic coding mechanisms (i.e., word recognition mechanisms) in a second language.     

Unravelling the interplay of sources of self-efficacy in negotiating in role-play simulations of political decision-making: A longitudinal in-depth case study

This study contributes to current self-efficacy research in two ways. First, it responds to the need for more context- and competency-specific self-efficacy research by expanding the research field to the context of role-play simulations and focusing on the outcome of self-efficacy in negotiating. Second, aiming to investigate sources of self-efficacy and their interplay, the study addresses the need for more in-depth qualitative research by conducting a single holistic case study with a longitudinal design. Moreover, the study focuses on outcomes of an increase or decrease in self-efficacy over time. Data were collected during a four-day European Union simulation. Three data sources – diaries, interviews, and semi-structured observations and field notes – contributed to data convergence, ensuring that more than a single source of evidence supported findings. Four students were selected using maximum variation sampling. The final sample of 27 meaningful events – about the development of self-efficacy in negotiating – were selected by within-case sampling based on a set of inclusion criteria. Data were analyzed by means of content analysis. Three groups of sources of self-efficacy could be defined: personal sources, social sources, and contextual sources, which encompassed and enriched the four previously hypothesized sources of self-efficacy. With regard to the interplay of sources, five main pathways could be defined. Personal sources were present in all pathways. The contribution of social sources to an increase in self-efficacy was more obvious than its role in a decrease in self-efficacy. The contribution of the contextual source to the development of self-efficacy in negotiating was generally less prominent.     

Exploring student hand-raising across two school subjects using mixed methods: An investigation of an everyday classroom behavior from a motivational perspective

Student hand-raising is an everyday behavior in classroom interactions with teachers. This research presents two studies that examine the variance in hand-raising and its relation to student motivation in two school subjects, Mathematics and Language Arts. Student hand-raising is introduced as an indicator of behavioral engagement. Study 1 investigated N = 397 high school students in 20 classrooms during a videotaped lesson in each subject. Multilevel regression analysis suggests that student motivation accounts for significant variance in hand-raising. The results show subject-specific differences: Student self-concept predicts hand-raising in Mathematics, while students' situational interest predicts their hand-raising in Language Arts. Students’ externally regulated motivation is predictive across both subjects. In Study 2, N = 14 high school students were interviewed about their hand-raising behavior. The results validate and extend the findings from Study 1. Finally, this research emphasizes the importance of fostering student hand-raising and discusses the implications for future research.     

Open innovation in SMEs—An intermediated network model

In spite of increasing interest in open innovation, discussion about the concept and its potential application to the SME sector has been excluded from mainstream literature. However, given that the argument about the effect of firm size on the effectiveness of innovation is still ongoing, it is worth addressing the issue from an SME perspective. That is the focus of this article, which seeks, firstly, to place the concept of open innovation in the context of SMEs; secondly to suggest the input of an intermediary in facilitating innovation; and finally to report accounts of Korean SMEs’ success in working with an intermediary. The research results support the potential of open innovation for SMEs, and indicate networking as one effective way to facilitate open innovation among SMEs.     

Collaborative risk method for information security management practices: A case context within Turkey

In this case study, a collaborative risk method for information security management has been analyzed considering the common problems encountered during the implementation of ISO standards in eight Turkish public organizations. This proposed risk method has been applied within different public organizations and it has been demonstrated to be effective and problem-free. The fundamental issue is that there is no legislation that regulates the information security liabilities of the public organizations in Turkey. The findings and lessons learned presented in this case provide useful insights for practitioners when implementing information security management projects in other international public sector organizations.     

一种基于混沌加密的视频水印方法

利用二维混沌流加密技术加密有意义的二进制图像,获得水印数据,以提高视频水印的安全性。水印嵌入过程中,水印被嵌入到随机选择的视频帧的离散余弦变换系数里。在鲁棒性和帧平均攻击实验后,大部分水印可以通过水印检测提取算法进行提取和识别。实验结果表明,这种视频水印方法具有一定的安全性、隐蔽性和鲁棒性。     

基于互信息量的视频关键帧提取算法

关键帧提取技术是基于内容检索和视频分析的基础。关键帧的使用减少了视频索引的数据量,同时也为视频摘要和检索提供了一个组织框架。首先介绍了目前关键帧提取技术,然后提出了一种基于互信息量的关键帧提取方法,该算法以帧间互信息量来衡量两帧图像内容的相似性,可以对具体镜头按其特点自动提取出一个或多个关键帧。实验结果表明这种方法可以较好地概括视频内容。     

浅析视频技术的发展和应用

当前视频技术发展迅速且应用广泛,然而视频格式的不统一、编码技术的多样性却给视频的创建和使用带来了诸多不便。本文就各类视频文件的特点、应用和转换方式进行了深入的分析和探讨。     

科技创新团队成员两人非对称冲突博弈演算应用研究

随着科技的发展,以科技创新团队进行科研和工作的形式已经成为现代创新社会生产条件下的内在要求,然而在科技创新团队迅速发展中,团队内部表现出了各种形式的冲突。以A公司科技创新团队的真实案例为例,以博弈模型中团队成员在工作中自身得益的计算结果为基础,通过调整科技创新团队成员间的奖金分配额度,选择冲突策略的惩罚力度以及适当的补偿等措施,使科技创新团队成员在工作过程中逐渐产生建设性冲突,达到使团队成员在工作过程中保持积极合作的目的,从而为科技创新团队管理者提供一种可量化的团队管理方式。