开放学习环境的设计

开放学习环境指利用教育技术手段和资源来支持不同的学习目的和知识建构的环境。在开放学习环境中，有三个重要的成分：能够促进学生对复杂现象进行观察和实验的可视化和可操作工具；能够促进学生进行普遍原理与日常经验整合的科学性上下文；能够支持以学生为中心进行信息查询的基于资源的环境，对这三个成分的设计是开放学习环境设计的关键。     

Using log variables in a learning management system to evaluate learning activity using the lens of activity theory

As the advance of learning technologies and analytics tools continues, learning management systems (LMSs) have been required to fulfil the growing expectations for smart learning. However, the reality regarding the level of technology integration in higher education differs considerably from such expectations or the speed of advances in educational technologies. This research aimed to evaluate the current activation levels and usage patterns of a LMS. A large data-set was analysed, which included the online activity information from 7940 courses. Through data pre-processing, general indicators reflecting login frequencies of the virtual campus and activity-based indicators presenting the activation patterns of diverse functions provided by Moodle were derived. Activity theory was applied to interpret the results of analysis, since it has been recognised as a powerful framework to understand phenomena encompassing interactive systems. Further, time-series investigation over three consecutive semesters allowed observation of historical changes. The results revealed considerably low use of the virtual campus with only slight changes, as well as significantly different activity patterns across course attributes and colleges. Contradictions among components in the activity system are discussed, along with the implications for improving teaching and learning with LMS in higher education.     

Design and development of VR learning environments for children with ASD

Basic social interaction and executing certain tasks can be difficult for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The symptoms of such behaviour include inappropriate gestures, body language and facial expressions, lack of interest in certain tasks, cognitive disability in coordination of limbs, and a difficulty in comprehending tasks’ requirements. This paper will discuss our efforts to develop virtual learning environments for children with ASD to improve their gestures and their interests in comprehending tasks’ requirements. Virtual environments are ideal for imparting skills necessary for independence before encouraging children with ASD to try these out in the real world and gain real-life experience. A high-end solution and a simplified solution will be presented together with a discussion on their comparison study.     

Virtual action learning: a pilot in building leadership capacity

This account of practice encompasses a pilot virtual action learning programme with a small group of learners. This was an 18-month extension to the one-week Leadership Open Programme that the participants had previously completed at the Business School. It includes insights from an evaluation study completed in early 2016. It considers in particular the following issues: the structuring of a virtual event; the significance of maintaining continuity of learning; the need for commonality of reference points about leadership in order to enhance it; the selection of problems by participants; whether leadership development itself is a ‘wicked problem’ and the role and skills required of the tutor to add value to the learning experience. Amongst other benefits, the participants found the chance to build relationships broke down the loneliness of leadership and greatly enhanced their learning. These issues will be explored further in a review planned for early 2017.     

LED产业集群中资源优化组织关键路径研究——基于产业链创新协同平台视角

以提升LED产业集群中资源组织效率为目的,基于产业链创新服务平台视角,从产业链平台的业务流程出发,寻找资源组织的关键路径。基于提升资源组织速度的考虑,使用了包括基本信息层、结构信息层、活动信息层、能力信息层和时间信息层的五层资源描述方法构建LED产业平台中虚拟单元。通过LED产业链平台中的应用证明本方法在实践中是有效的。     

基于网格技术的虚拟图书馆

本文在讨论虚拟图书馆与网络技术的基础上，指出虚拟图书馆的建设应以网格为基础平台进行。本文还给出了基于网格技术的虚拟图书馆设想，并分析了基于网格技术的虚拟图书馆设计过程中的一些关键问题。     

基于Web的虚拟设计系统开发与应用

本文以虚拟现实技术、虚拟设计以及网络应用技术等理论为基础,深入研究了基于Web虚拟设计系统的实现方法。以虚拟现实技术为平台,整合多种网络技术,用软件实现虚拟现实的方法,构建了一个以B/S为体系结构的虚拟设计系统实例。     

甘肃省2000年水资源足迹的初步估算

水资源足迹是真实反映人类对水资源消费利用的新概念,能深刻揭示社会经济系统对水资源的真实消费,水资源足迹核算为水资源科学管理提供了一个新视角.文章提出了水资源足迹的概念和计算方法,以甘肃省为例,运用产品虚拟水研究方法核算并分析了2000年的虚拟水消费和水资源足迹.结果表明,2000年甘肃省全社会的水资源足迹为221.231×108m3,人均水足迹为865.24m3/人·年和2 371L/人·天,大大高于统计的水资源利用量;虚拟水计算基础上的水资源足迹衡量不仅深刻刻画了人类对水资源的真实占用情况,同时对我国干旱区水资源管理具有重要的战略启示:提高水资源利用效率、改善人类消费结构及消费模式和虚拟水进口.     

基于VRML和Java的交互式虚拟产品设计

基于虚拟现实建模语言VRML和Java编程技术，将两者结合运用构建一个应用于数字科技馆中的交互式虚拟产品设计系统，使青少年可以通过互联网协同多人进行产品设计。     

Researching Internet Communities: Proposed Ethical Guidelines for the Reporting of Results

Communication researchers and social scientists are quickly discovering the value of data that exists in the postings of members of Internet e-mail, Usenet, and real-time groups. The ability to communicate with one's peers, no matter how esoteric the interests, is causing an explosion in the number of new virtual communities. The interpersonal dynamics of these groups are increasingly coming under the scrutiny of academic research. The publicly available archived records of Internet virtual communities are being analyzed for a wide variety of research interests. The ability to do naturalistic observations of group dynamics, as they are exhibited in these exchanges of text, has captured the attention of many researchers. The institutional review boards of major universities are granting researchers exempt or expedited (exempt from full review) status for this work, due to the public nature of the notes being analyzed. These studies often involve the lack of informed consent, where the group members under study are unaware they are being monitored. There is a potential for psychological harm to the members of these groups, depending on the way results are reported. This article explores the ethical considerations that must be taken into account to protect cyberspace participants. The guidelines proposed are based on the American Psychological Association ethical guidelines for use of human subjects in research. An explanation is offered as to how such guidelines can best be applied to the study of Internet communities. The constructs of Group Accessibility (the public/private nature of the actual cyberspace occupied by a group) and Perceived Privacy (the level of privacy that group members assume they have) are defined and proposed as two dimensions by which individual Internet communities may be evaluated in order to assure the ethical reporting of research findings.