Cross-cultural differences in attitudes towards disabled persons: A study of Jewish and Arab youth in Israel

Cultural values may be seen as the primary determinants of altitudes towards deviant or exceptional persons. The present study deals with the attitudes of Jewish and Arab youth in Israel towards the disabled as a function of cultural identity, existence of contact with a disabled person, and type of disability (blindness, amputation, facial disfigurement, or confinement to a wheelchair).A sample of 510 Jews and 655 Arabs filled out the Yuker Altitudes Towards Disabled Persons Scale (ATDP). The results indicated that overall, Jews were more positive towards the disabled than Arabs. Furthermore, the existence of previous contact with a disabled person was a positive factor in the formation of the Jews' attitudes, and a negative factor for the Arabs. In their ranking of different types of disability, Jews and Arabs differed significantly.The results are interpreted in the context of modern versus traditional cultures, whereby the Jewish youths' more tolerant Western approach seems to engender a more positive attitude than the Arab youths' conservative values.     

Reciprocity of inter-ethnic attitudes in a multicultural society

A national survey of multicultural and ethnic attitudes in Canada was conducted in 1974 (n = 1849). Data were analysed for the 1244 respondents whose ethnicity could be determined as Angloceltic, French, German, Italian or Ukrainian Canadian, A five group by five group intergroup attitude matrix was created, with each group acting both as attitude object and as holder of attitudes. Analysis indicated the existence of reciprocity or balance in the matrix: groups tended to reflect the attitude held toward them back onto the group holding the attitude. However this structural balance was moderated by the existence of shared attitudes about the position of a group in the national ethnic hierarchy. Further analysis indicated the existence of ethnocentrism in the matrix: attitudes toward ingroup and positive reference groups were more positive than toward out-groups. Perceived intergroup similarity and familiarity were positively correlated with each other and with intergroup acceptance. Results were discussed in relation to attitude balance theory and ethnocentrism theory, and in their implication for intergroup research in multicultural societies.     

International perceptions across the sea: Patterns in Japanese young adults

The international perceptions of Japanese young adults were explored in 172 professional education students in two Tokyo colleges. They classified 30 nations according to their “current” and “future” affinity to Japan. Little difference was detected in the Q-sorts between institutions arid sexes, while the “current” and “future” sorts correlated .96 with each other. In cluster analyses, many two-nation units (e.g., Czechoslovakia-Yugoslavia) were found to be the building blocks for the overall pattern. The total configuration consisted of three broad groups: mostly Western European nations, problematical nations (China, Russia, Israel, Egypt, etc.), and remote and neutral nations. Structurally, the results were similar to those for American young adults, but the contents were different. The notion of cultural metastereotypes thus received tentative support.     

武术散手运动员科学选材的研究

根据武术散手运动的特点，从遗传、身体形态、身体机能、身体素质和心理素质等方面对武术散手运动员作了具体的分析，提出了选材的注意事项、指标以及科学选材与经验判断相结合的原则。     

对司法介入"黑哨"问题的思考

从法学和社会学的角度，就司法介入黑哨事件，对刑法规定的犯罪构成要件、足协与裁判员的身份界定阐述了自己的观点，并就黑哨事件的处理提出了相应的对策与建议。     

中国足球队传中球技术运用质量之研究

对中国足球队在第12届亚洲杯6场比赛中传中球技术的运用及得失球情况的观察分析，结果表明传中球的高度、深度、时机、弧线与最佳射门机会的形成密切相关，为在训练与比赛中提高传中球技术运用质量，提供了理论和实践上的参考依据。     

关于构建普通高校武术教学模式的思考

针对目前普通高校教学内容的简单化、单一化和高校武术教师的严重不足，对武术教学模式进行探索性的改革。提出各高校在扩大招生而不增加体育场所的前提下，应更好地让学生掌握一门切实可行的体育锻炼方法，使具有民族精神的传统体育项目在高校逐步地、更好地推广和普及。     

关于《七月》之作者问题

金履祥“安有去之七百岁而言情、状物如此之详 ,若身亲见之者 ?”姚际恒“周公去公刘之世已远 ,岂能代写其人民风俗至于如是之详且悉耶 ?”崔述“且玩此诗醇古朴茂 ,与成、康时诗皆不类” ,方玉润“非躬亲陇亩久于其道者 ,不能言之亲切有味也如是。周公生长世胄 ,位居冢宰 ,岂暇为此 ?”等种种否定或怀疑《七月》为周公作之理由 ,均似是而非 ;至于近代以来之“奴隶 (农奴 )作”及“小奴隶主作”等说 ,更近乎凭虚。《七月》为周公作 ,当无所疑     

中学"青春的活力"广播体操特点剖析

采用文献资料、动作观察、逻辑分析等研究方法 ,剖析中学生广播体操“青春的活力”在音乐、动作、编排等方面的特点 ,旨在推动中学广播体操的深入开展。     

中国法(四版)类目注释中若干问题的分析

本文着重对类目注释在中图法(四版)实际应用中产生的一些具体问题进行全面的分析研究。