Garlic Oil and Vitamin E Prevent the Adverse Effects of Lead Acetate and Ethanol Separately as well as in Combination in the Drinking Water of Rats

Daily feeding of drinking water containing lead acetate (160 mg/l) or 10% alcohol by volume or a combination of both to rats for a month produced certain deleterious effects through oxidative stress. Both heavy metal lead and alcohol are capable of doing such damages. The deleterious alterations observed were in the parameters of blood, serum and tissues, viz; Hb, Pb, proteins, lipids, lipid per oxidation, Vitamins C and E levels and enzyme activities of AST, ALT, and catalase. Simultaneous feeding of either of the two antioxidants garlic oil (GO) and vitamin E at equal doses of 100 mg/kg/day, to the rats counteracted the deleterious effects of the above two chemicals significantly. The maximum damage was brought about by feeding of drinking water containing both lead acetate and alcohol. The protective effects of GO and Vitamin E were not significantly different. The mechanism of actions of the Vitamin E and GO is probably due to their efficiency as detoxifying agents and antioxidants, to scavenging free radicals as well as an independent action of GO on the removal of lead salt as lead sulfide.     

维生素E的性质、应用及其市场分析

文章对维生素E的性质及其应用进行了综述,并对维生素E的市场进行了分析。     

Evaluation and analysis of the vitamin levels in the self-selected diets of senile diabetics

This study was aimed at evaluating the daily vitamin intakes of senile diabetics whose diets were self-selected in order to apply the data obtained to prevent and treat senile Type 2 diabetics effectively. The daily vitamin intakes of 43 Type 2 diabetics (group A) and 43 healthy non-diabetics (group B) as revealed by their answer to a questionnaire were evaluated by computer analysis and compared with the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA). The data obtained in this study showed that the daily vitamin B1 and B2 intakes in both groups were obviously low, less the 50% of RDA; and that in group A was lower than that in group B. The daily intakes of vitamin E and A were significantly different between group A and group B (P<0.01 for vitamin E and P<0.05 for vitamin A). So the vitamin intakes of the senile diabetics with their self-selected diets were inadequate. The author suggests that it is necessary to give a scientific guide for the diets of senile diabetics. If the vitamin intake from foods is inadequate, vitamin supplements should be given to prevent complications.     

Biochemical Effects of Lead Exposure on Battery Manufacture Workers with Reference to Blood Pressure, Calcium Metabolism and Bone Mineral Density

Lead is one of the most widely scattered toxic metals in the environment and used by mankind for over 9,000 years. Lead in the environment may be derived from natural or anthropogenic sources. In humans, lead can cause a wide range of biological effects depending upon the level and duration of exposure. The purpose of this study was to find out the effect of lead exposure on systolic and diastolic blood pressure, serum calcium, ionized calcium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone and vitamin D and examine the overall effect of all these parameters on the bone mineral density of battery manufacture workers. For this study ninety battery manufacture workers were selected and divided in three groups depending upon duration of lead exposure. Group I—workers with duration of lead exposure 1–5 years, Group II—workers with duration of lead exposure 6–10 years and Group III—workers with duration of lead exposure more than 10 years. Each group consisted of thirty workers. Thirty age matched healthy control subjects were taken for comparison. Demographic, occupational and clinical data were collected by using questionnaire and interview. The venous blood samples were collected from the study groups and normal healthy control group. At the time of blood collection random urine samples were collected in amber coloured bottles. The biochemical parameters were estimated by using standard assay procedures. Statistical analysis of the data was done using independent student‘t’ test for parametric variables. Values were expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD). P values of 0.05 or less were considered to be statistically significant. The blood lead levels and urinary lead levels of all workers were significantly increased (P < 0.001) in proportion to the duration of lead exposure as compared to controls. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure were significantly raised (P < 0.001) in all three study groups of battery manufacture workers as compared to controls. Serum Calcium, Ionized calcium, phosphorus were significantly decreased (P < 0.001) in all the three study groups. Serum vitamin D levels were lowered (P < 0.01) and serum PTH was increased (P < 0.01) in workers as compared to controls. The results of this study clearly indicate that the absorption of lead is more in these workers which adversely affects blood pressure, disturbs calcium and phosphorus metabolism which further impairs mineralization of bone resulting in decreased bone mineral density observed in these workers. Lead toxicity is still persistent in battery manufacture workers though they are using sophisticated techniques in these industries. There is a need to protect the workers from the health hazards of occupational lead exposure.     

云南五种野生蔬菜维生素C含量的测定及比较

应用2、6-二氯酚靛酚标准溶"滴定法"测定臭菜、刺五加、车前草、枸杞、灰条菜中维生素C的含量.结果表明:5种野生蔬菜在常温、煮沸15min和煮沸30min,维生素c的含量依次是:臭菜(284.50mg/100g),刺五加(81.10mg/100g),车前草(23.10mg/100g),枸杞(23.07mg/100g),灰条菜(20.67mg/100g).同时证实:5种野生蔬菜的维生素C含量随着温度升高而分解,在高温沸腾条件下剧烈减少.     

Study of Serum Homocysteine, Folic Acid and Vitamin B12 in Patients with Preeclampsia

The present study was carried out to evaluate the occurrence of association between homocysteine, folic acid and vitamin B(12) in patients with preeclampsia. Fifty preeclamptic patients from gynecology ward were studied for estimation of serum homocysteine, folic acid and vitamin B(12) over a period of October 2007 to June 2010. Serum homocysteine and folic acid, and vitamin B(12) were determined by means of Immulite 1000 analyzer. The statistical analysis of study group of preeclampsia compared with normotensive control group, showed significant alterations in serum homocysteine, folic acid and vitamin B(12) concentrations in preeclampsia. Inverse association between serum homocysteine and folic acid, and vitamin B(12) levels were observed in preeclampsia. The present study found hyperhomocysteinemia and deficiency of folic acid and vitamin B(12) along with increased blood pressure as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in preeclampsia.     

Vitamin E 对大运动量训练后大鼠心血管系统调节肽分泌的影响

为了研究Vitamin E对大运动量训练后机体心血管系统神经调节肽分泌的影响，本文通过对大鼠进行为期8周的不同负荷的游泳训练，并给大运动量训练后的大鼠补充Vitamin E，测定血浆神经肽Y(NPY)和降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)的含量。结果发现：①经过8周的游泳训练后，2h训练组血浆NPY含量显著高于对照组和1h训练组，血浆CGRP含量显著低于对照组，NPY/CGRP显著高于对照组和1h训练组。而1h训练组NPY含量显著低于对照组，血浆CGRP含量和NPY/CGRP与对照组相比，有下降趋势，但无显著性差异。从而说明，适当的运动训练可降低机体交感神经的兴奋性，抑制NPY的分泌。这对轻度高血压病人和正常人的血压有良好的影响；而长期大负荷的运动训练可促进机体NPY的分泌和抑制CGRP的分泌，导致NPY和CGRP的分泌失调，这可能是运动性高血压和运动性心肌损伤发生的病理生理机制。动态观察血浆NPY和CGRP的含量对于在运动过程中对心血管系统进行医务监督、预防过度训练的发生具有一定的指导意义。②Vitamin E训练组血浆NPY含量显著低于2h训练组，与对照组相比无显著差异；血浆CGRP含量显著高于2h训练组和1h训练组，与对照组相比有上升趋势，但无显著差异；NPY/CGRP显著低于2h训练组，与1h训练组和对照组相比无显著差异。所以Vitamin E可仰制大运动量训练后大鼠NPY的分泌，促进CGRP的分泌，维持机体NPY和CGRP分泌的平衡。