Cardioprotective response to chronic administration of vitamin E in isoproterenol induced myocardial necrosis: Hemodynamic,biochemical and ultrastructural studies

The present study evaluated the cardioprotective potential of vitamin-E by studying its effect on hemodynamic parameters, lipid peroxidation, myocyte injury marker and ultrastructural changes in model of isoproterenol-induced myocardial necrosis in rats. Wistar albino male rats (150–200 g) were randomly divided into saline, ISP control, and vit E groups. Vitamin E group was administered vitamin E at a dose of 100mg/kg/day while saline and ISP control groups received saline orally for one month. On 29^th and 30^th day, ISP (85 mg/kg, sc) was administered at an interval of 24 h to vit E and ISP control rats. On 31^st day, rats of all groups were anesthetized and hemodynamic parameters were recorded. At the end of experimentation, animals were sacrificed; hearts were excised and processed for biochemical and ultrastructural studies. ISP administration produced marked cardiac necrosis as evidenced by significant decrease in my ocardial creatine kinase-MB as well as increase in malonaldialdehyde levels. ISP-induced myocardial necrosis resulted in myocardial dysfunction as evidenced by significant depression in heart rate and mean arterial pressure in the ISP control group as compared to saline control. Salient ultrastructural changes including extensive loss of myofibrils, muscle necrosis, loss of mitochondria, and formation of several intracytoplasmic vacuoles and lipid droplets further confirmed the ISP-induced myocardial damage. However, subsequent to ISP challenge, vit E treatment significantly preserved the myocardium by restoring myocardial CK-MB activity, inhibiting the ISP-induced lipid peroxidation and ultrastructural changes. Additionally, pre-and co-treatment of vit E prevented the deleterious ultrastructural changes caused by ISP. These beneficial effects of chronic vit E treatment also translated into significant restoration of the altered hemodynamic parameters. The present study clearly demonstrated the cardioprotective potential of vit E at dose of 100 mg/kg in ISP-induced model of myocardial necrosis in rats. The significant restoration of altered hemodynamic parameters, myocardial CK-MB activity, prevention of ISP-induced rise in lipid peroxidation and ultrastructural changes may confirm its cardioprotective effect.     

Effect of short term vitamin E supplementation on lipid peroxidation in acute myocardial infarction

In view of sufficient body of evidence to substantiate the role of free radical mediated oxidative injury in myocardial infarction (M.I.), the utility of exogenous supplementation with antioxidant substance, vitamin E was studied. Forty patients of acute myocardial infarction were divided into two equal groups, one who received vitamin E and the other who did not. Plasma MDA levels showed a reduction in patients of M.I. who received vitamin E as well as in those who did not, however, the decrease was significantly more in the vitamin E treated subgroup.     

维生素B_6的伏安法测定

本文用伏安法对药物中的维生素B6（VB6）进书测定。在0．05mol／L（CH3）4NBr－（CH3）4NOH底液中（pH-6．0～11．0），VB6在-1．88V（VS，SCE）产生一灵敏还原峰，峰高与VB6浓度在8．0×10-7～2．2×10－5mol／L范围内成线性关系，检测下限为2．0×－7mol／L，用本法，可直接测定药物中VB6的含量。     

冷冻浓缩柑桔汁生产中维生素C的损失

通过对杀菌冷冻浓缩柑桔汁主要生产工艺中维生素C的测定,得出榨汁、浓缩、脱气HTST灭菌、贮藏工序中,维生素C损失分别为0.8％、9.0％、2.6％、<1％。     

Inverse associations of outdoor activity and vitamin D intake with the risk of Parkinson’s disease

Early studies had suggested that vitamin D intake was inversely associated with neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease and multiple sclerosis. However, the associations of vitamin D intake and outdoor activities with Parkinson’s disease (PD) are still unclear, so this study is to evaluate these relationships from a case-control study in elderly Chinese. The study population involved 209 cases with new onsets of PD and 210 controls without neurodegenerative diseases. The data on dietary vitamin D and outdoor activities were collected using a food-frequency questionnaire and self-report questionnaire. Multivariable logistic regressions were used to examine the associations between dietary outdoor activities, vitamin D intake and PD. Adjustment was made for sex, age, smoking, alcohol use, education, and body mass index (BMI). Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for PD in quartiles for outdoor physical activity were 1 (reference), 0.739 (0.413, 1.321), 0.501 (0.282, 0.891), and 0.437 (0.241, 0.795), respectively (P=0.002 for trend). Adjusted ORs for PD in quartiles for total vitamin D intake were 1 (reference), 0.647 (0.357, 1.170), 0.571 (0.318, 1.022), and 0.538 (0.301, 0.960), respectively (P=0.011 for trend). Our study suggested that outdoor activity and total vitamin D intake were inversely associated with PD, and outdoor activity seems to be more significantly associated with decreased risk for PD.     

Vitamin B<Subscript>12</Subscript> Immunoassay on Roche Elecsys 2010: Effects of High Excess Concentration of Serum Vitamin B<Subscript>12</Subscript> in CKD Patients on Parenteral Administration

Vitamin B₁₂ being water soluble is excreted in the urine when administered in excess. The probability of finding an abnormally excess serum concentration would be almost surreal. We report a peculiar clinical situation that may impact the vitamin B₁₂ immunoassay on the Roche Elecsys 2010 due to excess analyte concentration. In separate episodes (Feb and June 2010), the Biochemistry laboratory of a tertiary-care hospital, Kolkata, India, encountered two critically ill patients with background chronic kidney disease (CKD), low urine output, and on cyanocoabalamin supplementation, who had serum vitamin B₁₂ concentrations far exceeding expected values; even post dialysis. The B₁₂ assays (pmol/l) were performed using electrochemiluminiscence immunoassay on Roche Elecsys 2010, the assay validity confirmed by concomitant quality control runs. The immunoassays failed to deliver results, flagged with “signal level below limit”. Biotin therapy was ruled out as a possible interferent. In the first episode, re-assay of a repeat draw yielded same outcome; outsourcing on Immulite provided concentration of >738 pmol/l. Serial dilution gave result of >29520 pmol/l on Elecsys 2010. In the second, we gained from past experience. Vitamin B₁₂ concentration >59040 pmol/l was conveyed to the treating nephrologist the very day. The B₁₂ immunoassay on the Elecsys 2010 employs sequential incubation steps for competitive binding that is compromised in the event of abnormally excess B₁₂ concentration in patient sera akin to the prozone effect. This knowledge may be beneficial while assaying sera of CKD patients to avoid financial loss due unnecessary repeats and delay in turnaround time.     

Vitamin C in Disease Prevention and Cure: An Overview

The recognition of vitamin C is associated with a history of an unrelenting search for the cause of the ancient haemorrhagic disease scurvy. Isolated in 1928, vitamin C is essential for the development and maintenance of connective tissues. It plays an important role in bone formation, wound healing and the maintenance of healthy gums. Vitamin C plays an important role in a number of metabolic functions including the activation of the B vitamin, folic acid, the conversion of cholesterol to bile acids and the conversion of the amino acid, tryptophan, to the neurotransmitter, serotonin. It is an antioxidant that protects body from free radical damage. It is used as therapeutic agent in many diseases and disorders. Vitamin C protects the immune system, reduces the severity of allergic reactions and helps to fight off infections. However the significance and beneficial effect of vitamin C in respect to human disease such as cancer, atherosclerosis, diabetes, neurodegenerative disease and metal toxicity however remains equivocal. Thus further continuous uninterrupted efforts may open new vistas to understand its significance in disease management.     

维生素B2和运动的关系

维生素B2是人体内多种氧化酶系统不可缺少的构成部分。它以磷酸酯的形式构成两种辅酶FMN和FAD在生物代谢中发挥重要的生理功能。本从维生素B2的生理功能和作用机制两个方面，分析了维生素B2和运动能力的关系。     

Vitamin E supplementation on biochemical changes observed in agricultural field workers exposed to different classes of pesticides

A total of 41 healthy male pesticide sprayers exposed to different clases of pesticides for 3-5 years were compared with 21 controls matched for age and economic status with respect to free radical generation, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant status, cholesterol, lipoprotein status and haematological profile. Plasma lipid peroxidation was estimated in the form of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) produced. Significant increase in TBARS was observed in sprayers population when compared with control subjects and the level of TBARS increased with increase in the duration of exposure. The levels of antioxidants such as glutathione (GSH) were significantly depleted, whereas those of superoxide dismutase (SOD) were remarkably increased than control population. Significant reduction in total cholesetrol, alteration in lipoprotein fractions and nonsignificant changes in hematological parameters were observed. These results suggested that exposure to pesticidal residual drift augments the free radical generation, and lipid peroxidation. Decline in non-enzymatic antioxidant and elevation of enzymatic antioxidant were observed. Supplementation of α-tocopherol for 45 days resulted in the partial restoration of these biochemical changes produced by pesticides.     

活性乳酸菌饮料工艺条件的优化

通过研究葡萄糖不同的添加量、发酵时间及添加剂种类对活性乳酸菌饮料成品的影响,来确定生产活性乳酸菌饮料的最佳工艺条件,并运用气质联用(GC-MS)对最佳工艺条件下发酵的活性乳酸菌饮料进行了香气产物分析。结果表明,活性乳酸菌饮料加工生产的最佳工艺条件为:4%的葡萄糖添加量,48 h发酵,同时添加柠檬酸钠或者维生素C在此条件下,能够得到成品较好的发酵型乳酸菌饮料,并获得较高的菌落数和丰富的香气成分,这对后期活性乳酸菌饮料生产提供了理论依据。