中介语研究及其在外语教学中的应对策略

中介语是第二外语学习者在第二语言习得过程中构建出来的一种独立的语言体系,在结构上处于母语和目的语的中间状态。文章试对中介语的产生、特点及成因进行阐述,就大学外语教学中如何应对中介语现象提出了建议。     

5-6岁幼儿故事复述能力研究——以西安市4所幼儿园为例

幼儿故事在幼儿发展和幼儿园教学中起着非常重要的作用,不同的幼儿在不同的故事呈现方式中表现出不同的复述特点。本文采用多彩光谱语言评估标准,对从西安市市区4所不同类型幼儿园中获得的126份语言样本进行了分析。研究结果显示,图书组和录音组幼儿的故事复述能力差异不显著,视频组幼儿在故事复述能力测试中总体得分较低。尽管从总体上看,许多幼儿的复述能力处于同一水平,但构成复述能力的要素却存在较大的个体差异。不同幼儿在同一语言活动中复述故事的字数和语言特点各不相同。     

基于XML/RDF的元数据描述在数字图书馆的应用

介绍了数字图书馆中基于XML/RDF的两种元数据描述技术,一种是传统的机读格式MARC元数据,一种是DC元数据。通过对比发现,DC元数据描述的数字资源信息更为直观、灵活、易读,但DC元数据并不能完全取代MARC元数据,二者各有优点和不足,并相互补充。     

Parsimonious translation models for information retrieval

In the KL divergence framework, the extended language modeling approach has a critical problem of estimating a query model, which is the probabilistic model that encodes the user’s information need. For query expansion in initial retrieval, the translation model had been proposed to involve term co-occurrence statistics. However, the translation model was difficult to apply, because the term co-occurrence statistics must be constructed in the offline time. Especially in a large collection, constructing such a large matrix of term co-occurrences statistics prohibitively increases time and space complexity. In addition, reliable retrieval performance cannot be guaranteed because the translation model may comprise noisy non-topical terms in documents. To resolve these problems, this paper investigates an effective method to construct co-occurrence statistics and eliminate noisy terms by employing a parsimonious translation model. The parsimonious translation model is a compact version of a translation model that can reduce the number of terms containing non-zero probabilities by eliminating non-topical terms in documents. Through experimentation on seven different test collections, we show that the query model estimated from the parsimonious translation model significantly outperforms not only the baseline language modeling, but also the non-parsimonious models.     

An empirical study of query expansion and cluster-based retrieval in language modeling approach

The term mismatch problem in information retrieval is a critical problem, and several techniques have been developed, such as query expansion, cluster-based retrieval and dimensionality reduction to resolve this issue. Of these techniques, this paper performs an empirical study on query expansion and cluster-based retrieval. We examine the effect of using parsimony in query expansion and the effect of clustering algorithms in cluster-based retrieval. In addition, query expansion and cluster-based retrieval are compared, and their combinations are evaluated in terms of retrieval performance by performing experimentations on seven test collections of NTCIR and TREC.     

汉英思维差异对语言表达的影响探析

在语言交流的过程中,不同民族的人能否有效沟通,不仅取决于他们对语言本身的把握,而且取决于他们对语言所负载的文化思维内涵的理解。只有深刻理解两种语言的思维差异,才能跨越语言交流的障碍,从而使语言表达更加流畅。通过对汉英思维差异的理解,从四个方面分析了对语言表达产生影响的因素。     

提高语文素质 发展学生个性

提高语文素质，发展学生个性是实现学生自我存在与社会存在的双重需要，是摆脱教育功利主义的束缚，遵循语文学科教育自身发展规律的必然反映，我们应该正确理解语文素质和个性发展的涵义以及二者的统一性。     

体育教学中语言艺术的探讨

语言是师生之间传递信息的重要工具。在体育教学中如何运用语言,提高教学效果,是每个体育教师应该钻研和探索的课题。文中结合教学实践,对如何运用语言艺术进行了分析与探讨,以促使体育教师重视和提高语言修养,掌握语言艺术,从而提高体育课的教学质量。     

交际教学模式对体育院校大学生英语学习兴趣、动机、焦虑及效果的影响

本研究运用交际教学法在首都体育学院运动训练系和民族传统体育系进行了大学英语课的教学实验,分析了交际教学法对体育院校大学生英语学习兴趣、动机、焦虑及效果的影响,结果发现交际教学模式比传统教学模式更受体育专业同学的欢迎,更易于激发学生的英语学习兴趣、动机,降低英语学习的焦虑,增强他们学习英语的自信心。在交际教学模式下体育院校大学生英语学习的效果更佳。     

UG模式下的对外汉语语法教学

基于普遍语法的第二语言教学理论UG模式日益引起第二语言教学研究者的关注,而其在对外汉语教学领域还应用不多。我们欲在UG模式下对汉语语法教学进行探讨。我们认为,首先,汉语形式句法研究的逐步展开与深入,是UG模式下对外汉语语法教学的汉语本体研究的重要基础。其次,对于具有学术探讨和研究精神的成年学习者而言,形式句法重解释的研究倾向使得UG模式具有极大的吸引力,可以有效推进当今居于主流的对外汉语成人教学的发展。