Therapeutic evaluation of galangin on cartilage protection and analgesic activity in a rat model of osteoarthritis

BackgroundOsteoarthritis (OA) is a form of arthritis due to degradation of articular cartilage. OA is associated with stiffness, joint pain, and dysfunction, affecting adults worldwide. Galangin is a bioactive flavonoid that exerts several therapeutic and biological activities. Anti-hyperglycemic, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-apoptotic activities of galangin have been reported in several studies. In the present study, rats were divided into normal control, OA (control), galangin 10 mg/kg (low-dose), galangin 100 mg/kg (high-dose), and celecoxib 30 mg/kg (positive control) groups. All doses were administered orally for 14 consecutive days. The urinary type II collagen (µCTX-II) level as well as reactive oxygen species, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6, superoxide dismutase, catalase, lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione, and glutathione peroxidase levels were measured. In addition, the CTX-II mRNA and protein expression levels were measured.ResultsGalangin supplementation significantly reduced the µCTX-II level compared with controls. Galangin treatment significantly reduced reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation, interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels, but increased catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and reduced glutathione levels. Galangin treatment significantly reduced the CTX-II mRNA and protein expression levels. The low CTX-II level in tissue indicated the inhibition of cartilage degradation.ConclusionsIn summary, supplementation with galangin was effective against OA. The identification of potential therapeutic agents that inhibit inflammation may be useful for the management and prevention of OA.How to cite: Su Y, Shen L, Xue J, et al. Therapeutic evaluation of galangin on cartilage protection and analgesic activity in a rat model of osteoarthritis. Electron J Biotechnol 2021;53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2021.05.005     

哲学价值论的兴起与心理主义——对布伦塔诺和文德尔班的一种比较

哲学价值论在19世纪末的兴起有其特定的心理学背景.布伦塔诺和文德尔班在哲学价值论的开端上形成了心理主义与反心理主义的对比,表明对价值的哲学探究与心理学有着内在的联系,价值哲学需要一定的心理学基础.     

全年运动训练分期理论:历史、现状、争论与发展前景

对全年运动训练分期理论进行梳理,揭示该理论的历史、现状、争论及发展前景;运用该理论解决运动实践中存在的问题,增强运动训练过程安排的有效性,提高运动员培养质量.     

复方中药新伤一号与新伤二号中8味元素含量的测定与研究

使用复方中药的离子导入液经完整皮肤给药的理疗方法,广泛用于治疗多种闭合性急慢性软组织损伤病症,如膝关节滑囊炎、颈腰椎椎间盘突出与膨出、髌骨劳损、踝关节扭伤等病症,且疗效显著。文章采用的含量用火焰分光光度计测定法、原子吸收光谱仪测定法、氯离子选择性电极测定法、比浊法、对我国传统跌打损复方中药典方新伤一号和新伤二号中K、Na、Mg、Ca、Zn、Mn、Cl、S元素含量进行测定与研究。研究发现:中药复方新伤一号和新伤二号(郑怀贤方)中,富含钙、镁、钠、锌、锰、氯、硫等治疗闭合性急慢性软组织损伤病症的药物离子成分,可用于中药离子导入的经皮给药治疗。中药复方新伤一号和新伤二号中钙、镁、钠、锌、钾、氯、硫的含量均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。若选用新伤一号和新伤二号作为治疗多种闭合性急性和慢性人体软组织损伤的复方中药离子导入液,还需要对两方中所选单味中草药的剂量和味数进行必要的实验论证和调整。     

运动通过改善PD模型小鼠纹状体D2MSN-D1MSN侧抑制效应调节基底神经节信息输出

目的:通过研究运动及多巴胺II型受体(dopamine type II receptor,D2R)激动剂干预对PD模型小鼠纹状体D2MSN-D1MSN侧抑制效应的影响,揭示运动在改善PD小鼠基底神经节信息输出中的作用及机制。方法:选用4周龄雄性D2-Cre小鼠,右侧纹状体注射兴奋性光敏感蛋白病毒(rAAV-Ef1α-DIO-ChR2-EYFP-WPRE-pA),通过光遗传技术精准操控D2MSN。小鼠随机分为对照组(D2-Cre)和模型组,纹状体分别注射生理盐水和神经毒素6-羟基多巴胺(6-Hydroxydopamine hydrobromide,6-OHDA),经鉴定符合PD标准的模型组小鼠再分为PD组(PDD2-Cre)和PD运动组(PD+Ex D2-Cre)。采用4周匀速跑台运动(18 m/min,40 min/天,连续5天/周)和D2R激动剂分别对各组小鼠进行干预。实验结束后,制备离体脑片,利用全细胞膜片钳结合光遗传技术检测各组小鼠纹状体D2MSN-D1MSN侧抑制效应及黑质网状部的信息输出,并验证侧抑制效应的变化是否由D2R介导。结果:光刺激D2-MSN后,D1-MSN动作电位发放个数PDD2-Cre组显著低于D2-Cre组(P<0.05);PD+ExD2-Cre组显著高于PDD2-Cre组,但仍低于D2-Cre组(P<0.05)。光刺激D2-MSN诱发D1-MSN抑制性突触后电流(Optogenetic stimulation evoked inhibitory postsynaptic currents,oIPSC)的幅值与基线比值,PDD2-Cre组显著高于D2-Cre组(P<0.05),PD+ExD2-Cre组显著低于PDD2-Cre组,但高于D2-Cre组(P<0.05);光刺激D2-MSN诱发黑质网状部(SNr)抑制性突触后场电位(field inhibitory post synaptic potential,fIPSP)最大幅值,PDD2-Cre组显著低于D2-Cre组(P<0.05),PD+ExD2-Cre组显著高于PDD2-Cre组,但低于D2-Cre组(P<0.05)。结论:PD模型小鼠纹状体D2MSN-D1MSN侧抑制效应异常,并影响了SNr的信息输出,这可能是导致PD基底神经节功能紊乱的重要原因之一。4周运动干预通过改善PD模型小鼠纹状体D2MSN-D1MSN侧抑制效应,调节了SNr的信息输出。D2R在运动改善PD小鼠纹状体D2MSN-D1MSN侧抑制效应和调节基底神经节信息输出中起重要作用。     

World War II in Ukrainian school history textbooks: mapping the discourse of the past

The main objective of this paper is to illustrate the conceptualisation of a textbook as a site of memory, a discourse and a genre. This paper investigates the semantic and linguistic elements of the discourse of World War II in Ukrainian school history textbooks for the 11th grade, centring on the following distinct key themes: the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, the German attack on the Soviet Union and the ensuing Nazi occupation regime, the Soviet army offensive followed by the restoration of the Soviet regime, and resistance movements. The textbooks analysed dismantle the Soviet myth of the Great Patriotic War and reveal the atrocities of Stalinism. They also create a new hero-and-victim paradigm: the heroic deeds of Ukrainians in the Soviet army and of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN) and the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA) fighting for Ukraine’s independence are emphasised, as is the suffering of Ukrainians under the German occupation and the Stalinist regime.     

基于NiosⅡ技术的建筑能耗分项计量集中采集装置的设计

基于Altera Nios Ⅱ为开发平台,研制可灵活配置的通用能耗分项计量集中采集装置,实现分项能耗数据的实时采集、准确传输、科学处理、有效存储,为能耗监测、能耗统计、能源审计、能效公示提供数据支持.从而节约大量的人力和物力,避免相关产品软、硬件的重复开发,降低能耗监测系统的维护代价,提高建筑能耗监测分析的效率.     

Synthesis and structural characterization of a novel metal(Ⅱ)-organic complex based on imidazo[4,5-f]-1,10-phenanthroline

A novel metal(Ⅱ)-organic complex Co(HIMP)(1,4-bdc)·3H2O has been hydrothermally synthesized and structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction.The complex is a mononuclear Co(Ⅱ) complex, which is assembled into a 3D supramolecular architecture via strong intermolecular π…π stacking interactions and hydrogen bonds.     

采用uC/OS-Ⅱ系统的简易集中器的设计

介绍了一种简单易行的电能表数据采集器的设计方法,并且从硬件和软件两方面介绍设计方案.硬件核心采用TI公司的Cortex-M3处理器LM3S9b92.     

Archives du Maroc? The official and alternative national archives of Morocco

The 2004 Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) that investigated human rights abuses in Morocco under King Hassan II cited the ‘deplorable state of national archives’ as a major obstacle to its work. In 2013, in accordance with the findings of the TRC, the National Archives of Morocco opened with a colonial fonds, primarily holding records from the period of French colonisation (1912–56). This article seeks to understand the late establishment of a national archives, positing that part of the delay was caused by the focus of Moroccan nationalists on the location of indigenous records and their rejection of colonial archives and historiography.