有氧运动联合白藜芦醇对Ⅱ型糖尿病大鼠心肌细胞凋亡因子TNF-α、Caspase-3的影响

为探讨有氧运动联合白藜芦醇对Ⅱ型糖尿病大鼠心肌细胞凋亡因子TNF-α、Caspase-3的影响。选用2月龄雄性SD大鼠40只,随机选取8只大鼠作为正常对照组(ZA),以标准饲料喂养;其余大鼠在高脂高糖喂养基础上,腹腔注射小剂量链脲佐菌素(STZ),建立Ⅱ型糖尿病大鼠动物模型。将Ⅱ型糖尿病模型大鼠随机分成4组：模型安静组(TA)、模型运动组(TY)、模型灌胃白藜芦醇安静组(TB)、模型灌胃白藜芦醇运动组(TYB)。运动训练采用每周6 d的无负重游泳。7周后,检测各组大鼠空腹血糖水平、血脂指标、心肌组织细胞形态学变化,心肌TNF-α、Caspase-3含量。结果发现：①OGTT后30、60、120 min时间段TY、TB、TYB组血糖浓度与TA组比较,均非常显著性降低(P<0.01);与TA组相比,TY、TB、TYB组血清TC、TG、LDL水平均显著性或非常显著性下降(P<0.05或P<0.01)。与ZA组相比,TA组心肌呈现病理性变化;与TA组相比, TY、TB、TYB组心肌病理性变化明显减轻。②与ZA组相比,TA组心肌组织TNF-α显著性升高(P<0.01);与 TA 组相比,TY、TB、TYB 组心肌组织 TNF-α非常显著性下降(P<0.05);与 TYB组相比较,TY、TB组心肌TNF-α的表达量显著性升高(P<0.05)。与ZA组相比,TA组心肌组织Caspase-3显著性升高(P<0.01);与TA组相比,TY、TB、TYB组心肌组织Caspase-3非常显著性下降(P<0.05);与TYB组相比,TY、TB组心肌Caspase-3蛋白表达水平显著性升高(P<0.05)。结果说明：Ⅱ型糖尿病大鼠心肌组织呈现病理性变化,有氧运动、白藜芦醇及联合干预可能通过降低糖尿病大鼠心肌组织TNF-α、Caspase-3含量,降低心肌细胞凋亡因子的表达,改善糖尿病大鼠心肌组织的病理性变化。有氧运动联合白藜芦醇干预降低心肌组织凋亡因子表达的效果优于单一的有氧运动或白藜芦醇干预。     

集体潜意识原型对《只争朝夕》主人公的人格影响分析

《只争朝夕》是美国著名小说家索尔.贝娄的一部中篇佳作。小说成功地塑造了威尔海姆这一人物形象。本文将用荣格的集体潜意识原型理论来分析主人公威尔海姆的人格发展过程,以此来揭示作品所反映的个人存在与社会存在、自我与现实间难以调和的矛盾及自我精神完善的问题。     

Epideictic Rhetoric in the Service of War: George W. Bush on Iraq and the 60th Anniversary of the Victory over Japan

This essay explores the relationship between epideictic discourse and war through the analysis of George W. Bush's August 20, 2005, address at the Naval Air Station near San Diego, ostensibly to commemorate the 60th anniversary of the Allied victory over Japan. The case also serves as an exemplar for how Bush routinely interwove epideictic appeals with collective memories of World War II in order to promote the Iraq war and deflect criticism of his policies there. Bush praised the greatest generation and linked it to the current generation; blamed and dehumanized enemies of the past and present; advocated for war based on “lessons” from the past; and reinforced a shared identity to instill both obligation and confidence.     

The World War II crisis innovation model: What was it,and where does it apply?

World War II was one of the most acute emergencies in U.S. history, and the first where mobilizing science and technology was a major part of the government response. The U.S. Office of Scientific Research and Development (OSRD) led a far-ranging research effort to develop technologies and medical treatments that not only helped win the war, but also transformed civilian life. Scholars and policymakers have appealed to the wartime approach as a template for other problems, typically focusing on the Manhattan Project, but overlooking the broader OSRD effort of which atomic fission and dozens of other programs were a part. In this paper we bring OSRD into focus, describe how it worked, and explore what insights its experience offers today. We argue that several aspects of OSRD continue to be relevant, especially in crises, while also cautioning on the limits to generalizing from World War II to other settings.