无氧功率的测定方法与评价

在对无氧功率漫长的研究过程中，对无氧功率的测定方法已有很多种(其中包括支接测定和间接测定)，但在对无氧功率的评定上却各有优缺点。对无氧功率的测定与评价作一综述，并期待在不久的将未有更先进的研究方法和更新型、更精密的仪器出现。     

纵跳法无氧功与Wingate无氧功的对比研究

[目的]本研究通过对26名男大学生和50名男性运动员在纵跳法和w ingate法所测得的无氧功差值进行理论上分析,探讨造成这一差异的原因.[方法]受试者在不同等时间内分别进行纵跳无氧功的测试和利用Monark834E无氧功测定仪(瑞典)进行W ingate无氧功测试,并分别计算出两种不同方法测得的无氧功结果.[结果]受试者的纵跳无氧功比采用W ingate方法测出的无氧功平均高出50%以上.[结论]2种不同的测试方法反映了2种不同的生理机制.W ingate方法更多地反映了ATP-CP系统的供能能力,纵跳法更多地反映了肌肉的爆发力和ATP-CP系统的快速可用性.     

代理服务器在局域网中的安装与应用

本文论述了代理服务器的功能以及代理服务器所能解决的问题 ,然后以WinGate为例详细说明了代理服务器的安装与应用 ,从而证明了通过代理服务器将Internet和局域网连接起来 ,是解决中、小型局域网上网的有效方法     

The effect of acute caffeine ingestion on upper body anaerobic exercise and cognitive performance

Abstract

The current study examined the effect of acute caffeine ingestion on mean and peak power production during upper body Wingate test (WANT) performance, rating of perceived exertion, readiness to invest effort and cognitive performance. Using a double-blind design, 12 males undertook upper body WANTs, following ingestion of caffeine (5?mg*kg^?1) or placebo. Pre-substance ingestion, 60?mins post substance ingestion and post exercise participants completed measures of readiness to invest physical and mental effort and cognitive performance. Peak power was significantly higher (P?=?.026), fatigue index greater (P?=?.02) and rating of perceived exertion lower (P?=?.025) in the presence of caffeine. Readiness to invest physical effort was also higher (P?=?.016) in the caffeine condition irrespective of time point (pre, 60?mins post ingestion and post exercise). Response accuracy for incongruent trials on the Flanker task was superior in the presence of caffeine (P?=?.006). There was a significant substance?×?time interaction for response speed in both congruent and incongruent conditions (both P?=?.001) whereby response speeds were faster at 60?mins post ingestion and post exercise in the caffeine condition, compared to placebo. This is the first study to examine the effects of caffeine ingestion on this modality of exercise and suggests that caffeine ingestion significantly enhances peak power, readiness to invest physical effort, and cognitive performance during WANT performance.     

广西壮族男大学生Wingate无氧工作能力的变化

以广西师范大学男学生为研究对象,测定30sWingate最大功率、平均功率和疲劳指数,观察壮族大学生无氧工作能力的变化,结果发现：最大功率并没有变化,平均功率从一至三年级下降,四年级上升,且在三年级时达到低值,疲劳指数在三年级上升到峰值,但没有统计学意义。     

Wingate测试对武术散打运动员无氧代谢能力评定的研究

对12名散打运动员进行Wingate测试，探讨了最大功率的时间特征，同时发现散打运动员最大功率／体重，平均功率／体重存在运动水平差异，负荷后血乳值也存在运动水平的差异，但负荷后心率没有出现运动水平的差异，说明了Wingate测试对评价散打运动员的运动水平具有重要的意义，30s负荷后血乳值达到较高的水平（优秀组：12．38mmol/L,一般组：10．18mmol/L)，提示散打运动项目是一项以无氧代谢供能为主的运动项目。     

体育专业大学生Wingate测试研究

对186名体育专业大学生进行了Wingate测试,提出体育专业大学生Wingate测试的平均水平,男生最大功率11 56±1 83W/kg体重;平均功率8 33±0 67W/kg体重。女生最大功率8 11±1 32W/kg体重;平均功率6 44±0 75W/kg体重。同时对国内外的Wingate测试结果进行比较,分析了造成结果矛盾的主要原因,初步提出造成一些测试结果差异的主要原因是功率自行车的负荷不统一,并比较了最大功率和平均功率及其他指标与100m跑运动成绩的关系,也提出了今后开展无氧功测试研究面临的问题和设想。     

Acute citrulline-malate supplementation improves maximal strength and anaerobic power in female,masters athletes tennis players

Citrulline-malate (CM) is a precursor to nitric-oxide (NO) in the NO synthase (NOS) pathway and is suggested to increase exercise performance in younger individuals. With age, NO production decreases and augmented NO production may provide beneficial effects on sports performance among masters athletes (MAs). Purpose: To examine the effects of acute CM supplementation on grip strength, vertical power, and anaerobic cycling performance in female, MA tennis players. Methods: Seventeen female MA (51?±?9 years) completed two double-blind, randomized trials consuming CM (12?g dextrose?+?8?g CM) and placebo (PLA) (12?g dextrose). One hour after consumption, subjects completed grip strength, vertical power, and Wingate anaerobic cycling assessments in respective order. Maximal and average grip strength, peak and average vertical power, anaerobic capacity, peak power, explosive power, and ability to sustain anaerobic power were calculated from the tests. Results: When consuming CM, participants exhibited greater maximal (p?=?.042) and average (p?=?.045) grip strength compared to PLA. No differences existed between trials for peak (p?=?.51) or average (p?=?.51) vertical power. For the Wingate, peak power (p?p?p?Conclusions: These data suggest that consuming CM before competition has the potential to improve tennis match-play performance in masters tennis athletes. However, this study utilized a controlled laboratory environment and research evaluating direct application to on-court performance is warranted.     

Sport selection in under-17 male roller hockey

Abstract

Characteristics of 32 international and 41 local under-17 (U-17) (14.5–16.5 years) roller hockey players were considered in the context of discrimination by competitive level using training history, anthropometry, skeletal maturation, and several laboratory and field performance tests. More international (42%) than local (22%) players were advanced in maturity status. International players had slightly less hockey experience (years), but had more practice sessions and match time (minutes) during the season. Local players were shorter and attained better performance in the 25-m dash, while international players performed better in sit-ups, ball throw and 20-m shuttle run. The fatigue index derived from the Wingate anaerobic test was higher among local players, while peak torques of knee extension and flexion were greater in international players. Stepwise discriminant function correctly classified 85% of players by competitive level based on grip strength, ratio of eccentric and concentric knee extension, number of training sessions, playing time and fatigue index. The results suggested an interaction among strength, anaerobic fitness and training plus game time as factors in discriminating international from local level players and by inference in the selection and development of youth roller hockey players.     

耐力项目练习者在超大强度运动中儿茶酚胺类激素的反应

为了比较男女耐力项目练习者在一次超最大强度运动时的交感肾上腺髓质活动水平。对14名(男女各7名)从事多年长跑训练的练习者，在运动前、运动后即刻和运动停止后5min分别采血测定肾上腺素(E)和去甲肾上腺素(NE)水平。男生组在Wingate试验中显示较高的运动水平，而有关E和NE，男女两组没有显著差异。这些结果表明男女长跑练习者在Wingate试验中的交感神经活动水平和肾上腺髓质的分泌能力是相似的。