透视中国球场暴力的成因

通过文献资料法等方法,阐述了球场暴力概念的界定和分类,简要地回顾中国球场暴力历史,尽管中国球场暴力在破坏程度、规模、频率等方面不及西方国家典型的球场暴力严重,但是也影响到社会治安和社会稳定.结合中国目前的实际情况,从社会因素、球迷自身因素、赛场因素和其他因素4个方面,对中国球场暴力的成因进行较为深入、全面的分析,并对如何防范球场暴力事件提出对策.     

网络欺负的干预——悄然兴起的校园暴力

随着信息技术的迅猛发展,网络欺负逐渐成为校园暴力的一种新形式。网络欺负的类型主要有即时信息、手机、电子邮件、网络论坛、博客等。青少年由于利用计算机的机会更多从而成为网络欺负的主要群体。网络欺负在表现形式、欺负的时空、欺负的后果以及欺负者的心态方面与面对面欺负有很大差异,对其干预要从家庭、学校和媒体等方面进行。     

The effects of traumatic experiences on academic relationships and expectations in justice‐involved children

Positive school experiences are an important predictor of long‐term health and well‐being. Developing positive relationships with school personnel and positive academic expectations set the foundation for success. Positive relationships and expectations can be a powerful protective factor or intervention to redirect troubled children toward a more positive path. Unfortunately, children who experience trauma are more prone to academic underachievement and negative school experiences. This link is especially evident and troubling for children—also called justice‐involved children (JIC)—in the juvenile justice system. JIC are exposed to more traumatic experiences and have a higher prevalence of academic failure than other children. Despite evidence showing that (1) trauma is harmful to achievement in the general population, (2) JIC have a higher prevalence of trauma, and (3) JIC have a higher prevalence of academic underachievement and failure, only a few studies have examined traumatic experiences and achievement in JIC. The Childhood Trauma Model (CTM) submits that childhood trauma is central to understanding adolescent outcomes. CTM hypothesizes that (H‐1) JIC who experience trauma will have more academic risk factors than those who do not, and (H‐2) JIC who experience multiple types of trauma will have higher academic risks than those who experience a single type of trauma. The current study tests (1) whether 10 different types of traumatic experiences are individually associated with increased risks for fewer positive adult relationships and lower expectations of graduating from high school among JIC, and (2) whether experiencing multiple types of trauma has a larger impact than experiencing a single type of trauma.     

从前后期创作看外国文学对余华的影响

在七八十年代的中国,一批年轻的先锋小说家登上中国文坛,特别是余华,他以血腥的暴力叙述、颠覆性的语言、令人绝望的意境和黑色幽默情节,挑战着读者的视觉和感觉机能。九十年代,余华由先锋向写实转变。这种转变并非人们所认为的先锋作家在中国当代遇到了写作困境和精神危机而转向而实现的自我救赎,而是在借鉴西方写作模式和传统精神而实现的写作方式的成熟转变。所以,纵观余华创作,外国作家、理论及写作方式对余华的影响是十分巨大的。