中亚美军何去何从

“9.11”事件后,随着美国对阿富汗战争的进行,美国在中亚的军事存在已成为现实。问题的关键是美国的军事存在会持续多久?会像美国政要所说的那样仅仅是为反恐战争的需要而“暂时的”驻军,还是长期存在下去?美国进军中亚的战略意图又是什么?文章针对此进行了分析和探讨。     

论费留

通过对读简帛文献,对汉简《孙子兵法·火攻篇》中"隋其功"三字提出新的看法:"隋",应读为"隳";"其",代指敌方,而不是自指;"功",指功业,尤其是指土功,而不仅指战功。"隋其功"的本义,是要求对敌人的土功设施进行摧毁;而其反义——"不隋其功",就叫"费留"。"费留"通"昧瘤",意指暗瘤。     

对南京国民政府抗战精神动员的历史考察（1928～1937）

全面抗战前,作为抗战准备的重要内容,南京国民政府开始进行抗战精神动员。抗战精神动员既包括在教育、宣传、文学艺术等方面弘扬民族主义与爱国主义的种种努力,也包括新生活运动、国民精神动员的全面展开。南京国民政府的抗战精神动员激扬了爱国热情,增强了民族凝聚力,对中华民族最终取得抗战胜利具有重要意义。但是南京国民政府的阶级本性及其执行的“攘外必先安内”的思想路线大大制约了这种作用的发挥。     

对话的特征及其教育意义

对话是人的存在方式,对话是个体意义生成的过程,对话是“我-你”关系的具体体现。教育活动应是一种对话行为,通过对话达到教育主体之间以及个体与人类文化之间精神能量的转换,从而促进个体生命质量的不断提升。对话教育是一种革新性的教育观。     

晋阳之战新探

晋阳之战是发生在战国初期的一场重要战争,前辈学者已有探讨,本文重在揭示此战发生的历史背景及其对当时及后世的影响,指出诸家族之间尤其是赵氏与知氏两大家族之间深刻的利益冲突是导致二者不共存、进而引发两大家族集团争战的根源所在;在某种程度上讲,此战具有划时代的意义.     

抗战期间晋西南教育述论

抗战期间阎锡山领导下的第二战区长官部和山西省署机关被迫移驻晋西南,受此影响,这一时期该地区的教育状况有了较大的改善,同时又呈现出这样一些鲜明的特色:一是中小学教育有较大的普及;二是有着显著的战时特色;三是各学校的办学条件都很简陋,但师资力量却相对较强;四是共产党在各学校都有不同程度的活动,对其有一定的影响.     

Public spending on higher education in developing countries: Too much or too little?

This paper discusses problems with the prevalent view that public resources for education in developing countries should be reallocated from higher to lower levels of education. There may be a case for maintaining and even increasing spending on higher education, as long as public funds can be directed to research and other “public good” functions of institutions of higher education. Current measures of social returns to primary, secondary and higher education do not reflect unmeasured social benefits at each level; since we do not know the relative size of these benefits across levels, we do not know the true ranking of social returns across primary, secondary and higher education. The true social rate of return to certain components of higher education, such as research and postgraduate training in science and technology, and creation of other skills where social returns probably exceed private returns (such as public administration) is probably high, and in some settings, may now be as high or higher than the social rate of return to primary and secondary education. Moreover, achieving and sustaining adequate levels of quality to capture these social returns requires minimal stability in public financing, arguing against major reallocations away from higher education. But this does not argue for more public spending on all higher education programs. On the contrary; within the envelope of total public spending on higher education, reallocation away from public spending on undergraduate training makes sense, since such training probably has low social compared to private returns, and can be accomplished by greater reliance on private universities and by increasing tuition and other fees in public universities, while ensuring equitable access through loan and scholarship programs.     

论陕甘宁边区法治实践的构建和谐社会之维

和谐社会的构建离不开法治,其中的道理不难理解。文章通过实证方法从中国共产党在抗日战争时期陕甘宁边区的实践入手,对法治在构建和谐社会中的作用进行了初步分析和探讨,以期对当前正在进行中的实践提供一点经验,为理论研究提供一个新的角度。     

Dorothy's Wars: school leadership during the Birmingham Blitz

This essay examines the school leadership experiences of an infant school head teacher in Birmingham, England, during the Second World War. Drawing on the letters of Dorothy Walker, the essay offers insights into school leadership wartime deprivations. The impact of an international war on the home front was not head teacher Dorothy Walker's only challenge. As the youngest and one of the few women head teachers in Birmingham, Dorothy Walker struggled with the traditional masculine hierarchy of the local educational system and with traditional social and familial gender roles. Dorothy Walker also battled with a traditional educational school culture as she promoted progressive educational practices. These three challenges – the war, gender relations, and progressivism – are referred to as ‘Dorothy's Wars’, or the battles that she faced as a woman school leader in Birmingham during the early years of the Second World War.     

抗战时期西南建设述论

近代以来，西南地区大规模的建设有两次：一是在抗日战争时期，二是在三线建设时期。抗战时期的建设在一定程度上促进了西南地区社会经济的发展，为西南地区的现代化建设奠定了一定基础。本文拟对这一时期的西南建设做一述论。