民营企业家子女（中学生）学习状况的调查报告

采用自编问卷,通过对382名民营企业家子女（中学生）的问卷调查,从校内学习情况、校外学习情况、学习兴趣、作业考试情况、学习心理状态以及对自我学习的期望和要求等六大方面考察了民营企业家子女的学习状况。结果表明：民营企业家子女的学业负担较重;民营企业家子女的学习兴趣不强,学习自觉性较弱;民营企业家子女的学习心理状态不佳。研究认为,了解这些后果及其产生原因,可为探讨改善民营企业家子女学习状况、促进其健康成长提供科学依据。     

学前儿童绘画教育之思索

学前儿童的绘画是溶入其自身情感及其表象,通过儿童内在自我建构形成的一种自我表现形式。学前儿童绘画是社会文化的一种反映,是儿童的发展水平的一种表现。学前儿童绘画教育必须在尊重儿童发展水平的基础上,结合本民族的文化特点,在尊重儿童的主体性和为儿童绘画提供有效帮助的两极动态变化之间加以调适,使之趋向平衡,使儿童潜能得以最大限度的舒展。     

玩具数量对3～6岁幼儿分享行为的影响

为了用实验的方法探讨玩具数量对3～6岁幼儿分享行为的影响,选取了某幼儿园小、中、大班各30名幼儿,将各年龄班的幼儿随机分成人数相等的三组,三组进行游戏时玩具的数量不等,即分别为玩具数量多于、等于和少于小组人数。结果表明：小班、大班的幼儿都表现出当玩具数量少于人数时,幼儿做出分享行为的人数明显多于玩具数量等于和多于幼儿人数的情况。但中班幼儿面对不同数量玩具时的分享行为差异不显著。另外,当玩具数量等于人数时,表现出了明显的年级差异,大班幼儿做出分享行为的人数显著多于小班和中班幼儿。当玩具数量多于人数或少于人数时,不同年级幼儿的分享行为差异不显著。本研究的结论是：玩具数量是影响分享行为的因素之一,随着玩具数量的减少,幼儿的分享行为在增加。     

Helping Homeless Families Overcome Barriers to Successful Functioning

The author articulates key stressors in the lives of families who are homeless. These stresses often combine with barriers such as lack of job opportunities and/or insensitive professionals. Strategies for helping homeless families overcome these barriers and related issues are presented.     

Teachers’ perceptions and concerns about the implementation of the 2005 preschool curriculum in Tanzania

The aim of this study was to examine teachers’ perceptions and concerns about the implementation of the preschool curriculum developed over 10 years (2005–2015). This paper reports findings from an interpretive case study design in four preschool settings in Tanzania with 12 teachers and 8 parent participants. Data were generated using interviews and documentation. The research focus was on how teachers have implemented the 2005 preschool curriculum. The findings indicate that the implementation of the curriculum was problematic due to teachers’ lack of knowledge of a child-centred pedagogy. In addition there were no teachers qualified to work with young children, overcrowded classrooms, poor teaching and learning environments, and insufficient teaching and learning materials and facilities. This study recommends that to improve the current situation and attain quality provision of early education, teachers need to develop their professional knowledge through in-service training. The government policy planners need to provide initial teacher education, professional development, and conducive teaching and learning environments with available resources for effective teaching and learning practices.     

离异单亲家庭子女心理健康现状调查与分析

采用"心理健康诊断测验"量表对离异单亲家庭子女的心理健康状况进行调查,并将调查结果与完整家庭子女的心理健康状况进行比较,就会发现家庭结构对儿童的心理健康有着直接和深远的影响.离异单亲家庭子女多存在着自卑自责、冷漠孤独、对人焦虑、冲动等心理问题.     

246例体检儿童超重或肥胖与血脂异常调查

目的调查苏北地区儿童的体质指数(BMI)水平和血脂水平,探讨儿童的超重或肥胖与血脂异常的关系。方法统计分析246例体检儿童的BMI指数和血脂水平,以BMI指数水平将246例体检儿童分为正常组和超重或肥胖组,比较两组间多种血脂水平异常的发生率。结果本地区儿童的血脂水平:TC 3.65±0.61 mmol/L,TG 0.96±0.41mmol/L,LDL-C 1.82±0.57 mmol/L,HOL-C 1.47±0.32 mmol/L。BMI水平17.1±2.5。超重或肥胖组血脂异常的发生率:TC 20.0%,TG 53.3%,LDL-C 33.3%,三种血脂水平异常的发生率均显著高于正常组(P<0.01)结论在进行心脑血管疾病早期预防时,应将肥胖或超重儿童这一群体作为重点干预对象,积极预防和治疗肥胖或超重儿童的血脂异常。     

Between urgent and lifelong matters: overweight children’s voices on health promotion pedagogies

ABSTRACT

This article addresses the learner perspective on being overweight by listening to 39 Danish overweight children aged 8–13 years. In accordance with the existing critique of the ‘obesity epidemic’ and medico-scientific discourses around food and exercise, this article explores how new health imperatives shape overweight children’s self-narratives. Health pedagogical activities in Denmark are between urgent and lifelong approaches to achieving health, and the article presents overweight children’s voices on having to learn new health behaviour in between these two schisms. From a social constructionist and post-structuralist perspective, the analysis demonstrates how the children both subscribe to discourses of discipline and control over health actions, as well as legitimate narratives of having to adjust, accommodate and negotiate health challenges to everyday life practices. The article addresses what can be learnt from listening to overweight children’s voices in the context of performing meaningful health pedagogies.     

家庭寄养对孤残儿童社会适应行为的作用

孤残儿童是一个特殊的群体，他们的发展或多或少地有所滞后或者缺陷，在社会适应行为发展上尤为突出。寄养儿童在寄养家庭中得到了情感满足、需要满足、行为支持、心理健康发展。家庭寄养对孤残儿童的适应行为发展有着积极作用。     

Different children’s perspectives on their learning environment

This article reports and discusses findings from an ethnographic case study, aiming to gain a deeper understanding of how different children perceive their learning environment in the first grade of primary school, with regard to social as well as academic aspects. The theoretical framework is based on an interactional perspective, where children’s learning and development are considered to take place in a dynamic and ecological system. The reported results are based on interviews with 16 children, and observed teaching situations during the first year of primary school. Research among children demands special ethical considerations, such as how to avoid questions and interest from the researcher affecting the position of children being vulnerable in some way. The findings show that, within a group of children, facing a similar learning environment, there are significant differences between the experiences expressed. The findings presented support the importance of listening to children when planning educational settings. Listening to and taking into account the children’s different voices is an essential part of research and education that strives for inclusion, learning and well-being of all children.